About the Authors

Ali A. Ashkar

ashkara@mcmaster.ca

Affiliation Centre for Gene Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Karen L. Mossman

Affiliations Centre for Gene Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Brian K. Coombes

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Carlton L. Gyles

Affiliation Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Randy Mackenzie

Affiliation Centre for Gene Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

We have filed a patent for the use of FimH as an innate microbicide.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AAA. Performed the experiments: AAA KLM BKC RM. Analyzed the data: AAA KLM BKC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CLG. Wrote the paper: AAA.