About the Authors

Atsuko Fukazawa

Contributed equally to this work with: Atsuko Fukazawa, Carmen Alonso

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Carmen Alonso

Contributed equally to this work with: Atsuko Fukazawa, Carmen Alonso

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Kiyotaka Kurachi

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Sonal Gupta

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Cammie F. Lesser

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Beth Ann McCormick

Affiliation Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Hans-Christian Reinecker

hans-christian_reinecker@hms.harvard.edu

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: HCR. Performed the experiments: AF CA KK SG CFL BAM. Analyzed the data: AF CA HCR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CFL. Wrote the paper: HCR.