About the Authors

Jeff Butler

Current address: CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Affiliation World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Australia

Kathryn A. Hooper

Affiliations Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Stephen Petrie

Affiliation Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

Raphael Lee

Affiliation Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore

Sebastian Maurer-Stroh

Affiliations Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, National Public Health Laboratory, Communicable Diseases Division Ministry of Health, Singapore, School of Biological Sciences (SBS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore

Lucia Reh

Affiliation World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Australia

Teagan Guarnaccia

Affiliation World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Australia

Chantal Baas

Affiliations World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Australia, Monash University, School of Applied Sciences, Churchill, Victoria, Australia

Lumin Xue

Affiliation World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Australia

Sophie Vitesnik

Affiliation World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Australia

Sook-Kwan Leang

Affiliation World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Australia

Jodie McVernon

Affiliations Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Anne Kelso

Affiliation World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Australia

Ian G. Barr

Affiliations World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Australia, Monash University, School of Applied Sciences, Churchill, Victoria, Australia

James M. McCaw

Affiliations Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Jesse D. Bloom

Affiliation Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Aeron C. Hurt

Aeron.Hurt@influenzacentre.org

Affiliations World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Australia, Monash University, School of Applied Sciences, Churchill, Victoria, Australia

Competing Interests

I have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts: Oseltamivir phosphate and carboxylate was provided to the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza free of charge by Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland. AK, IGB and ACH hold a small number of shares in CSL Limited, a company that manufactures influenza vaccine. This does not alter our adherence to all PLOS policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JB KAH SP RL SMS JM AK IGB JMM JDB ACH. Performed the experiments: JB KAH SP RL SMS LR TG CB LX SV SKL JMM JDB ACH. Analyzed the data: JB KAH SP RL SMS SKL JM AK IGB JMM JDB ACH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JB KAH SP LR JMM JDB. Wrote the paper: JB KAH SP RL SMS JM AK IGB JMM JDB ACH.