About the Authors

Nicola K. Petty

Affiliations Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Theresa Feltwell

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Derek Pickard

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Simon Clare

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Ana L. Toribio

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Maria Fookes

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Kevin Roberts

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Rita Monson

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Satheesh Nair

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Robert A. Kingsley

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Richard Bulgin

Affiliation Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Siouxsie Wiles

Affiliation Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

David Goulding

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Thomas Keane

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Craig Corton

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Nicola Lennard

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

David Harris

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

David Willey

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Richard Rance

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Lu Yu

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Jyoti S. Choudhary

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Carol Churcher

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Michael A. Quail

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Julian Parkhill

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Gad Frankel

Affiliation Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Gordon Dougan

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

George P. C. Salmond

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Nicholas R. Thomson

nrt@sanger.ac.uk

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: N. Petty, J. Parkhill, G. Frankel, G. Dougan, G. Salmond, N. Thomson. Performed the experiments: N. Petty, T. Feltwell, D. Pickard, S. Clare, A. Toribio, M. Fookes, K. Roberts, R. Monson, S. Nair, R. Kingsley, R. Bulgin, S. Wiles, D. Goulding, D. Willey, R. Rance, L. Yu, J. Choudhary, M. Quail. Analyzed the data: N. Petty, T. Keane, C. Corton, N. Lennard, D. Harris, C. Churcher, G. Salmond, N. Thomson. Wrote the paper: N. Petty, G. Frankel, G. Dougan, G. Salmond, N. Thomson.