About the Authors

Shinya Yamada

Affiliation Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Masato Hatta

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Bart L. Staker

Affiliations Emerald BioStructures, Inc., Bainbridge Island, Washington, United States of America, Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Washington, United States of America

Shinji Watanabe

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Masaki Imai

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Kyoko Shinya

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan

Yuko Sakai-Tagawa

Affiliation Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Mutsumi Ito

Affiliation Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Makoto Ozawa

Affiliations Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Tokiko Watanabe

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Saori Sakabe

Affiliations Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, ERATO Infection-Induced Host Responses Project, Saitama, Japan

Chengjun Li

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Jin Hyun Kim

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Peter J. Myler

Affiliations Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Washington, United States of America, Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Departments of Global Health and Medical Education & Biomedical Informatics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Isabelle Phan

Affiliations Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Washington, United States of America, Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Amy Raymond

Affiliations Emerald BioStructures, Inc., Bainbridge Island, Washington, United States of America, Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Washington, United States of America

Eric Smith

Affiliations Emerald BioStructures, Inc., Bainbridge Island, Washington, United States of America, Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Washington, United States of America

Robin Stacy

Affiliations Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Washington, United States of America, Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Chairul A. Nidom

Affiliations Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tropical Disease Centre, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia, Collaborating Research Center-Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Tropical Disease Centre, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia

Simon M. Lank

Affiliation Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Roger W. Wiseman

Affiliation Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Benjamin N. Bimber

Affiliation Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

David H. O'Connor

Affiliations Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Gabriele Neumann

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Lance J. Stewart

kawaokay@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu (YK, for virological research aspects); lstewart@embios.com (LJS, for structural research aspects)

Affiliations Emerald BioStructures, Inc., Bainbridge Island, Washington, United States of America, Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Washington, United States of America

Yoshihiro Kawaoka

kawaokay@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu (YK, for virological research aspects); lstewart@embios.com (LJS, for structural research aspects)

Affiliations Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan, Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, ERATO Infection-Induced Host Responses Project, Saitama, Japan, Creative Research Initiative, Sousei, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: M. Hatta, B. Staker, S. Watanabe, T. Watanabe, P. Myler, I. Phan, A. Raymond, E. Smith, R. Stacy, S. Lank, R. Wiseman, B. Bimber, D. O'Connor, L. Stewart, Y. Kawaoka. Performed the experiments: S. Yamada, M. Hatta, B. Staker, M. Imai, K. Shinya, Y. Sakai-Tagawa, M. Ito, M. Ozawa, T. Watanabe, S. Sakabe, C. Li, J. Kim, P. Myler, I. Phan, A. Raymond, E. Smith, R. Stacy, S. Lank, R. Wiseman, B. Bimber, D. O'Connor, L. Stewart. Analyzed the data: B. Staker, P. Myler, I. Phan, A. Raymond, E. Smith, R. Stacy, S. Lank, R. Wiseman, B. Bimber, D. O'Connor, L. Stewart, Y. Kawaoka. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: C. Nidom. Wrote the paper: G. Neumann, Y. Kawaoka.