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Terms used for search in databases. The Outcome terms were combined with the Determinant terms both separated with [] brackets, using the command AND. Grey marked sections apply only for Embase searches, to exclude results from medline.
Outcome: arterial OR "arterial ischaemia" OR "arterial ischemia" OR "ischaemic event" OR "ischemic event" OR "arterial occlusion" OR occlusive event OR "arterial thrombosis" OR "atherothrombosis" OR athero thrombosis OR athero OR vascular OR cardiovascular disease OR cardio vascular disease OR cardiovascular ischaemia OR cardiovascular ischemia OR cardio vascular ischaemia OR cardio vascular ischemia OR "stroke" OR ischaemic stroke" OR ischemic stroke OR brain infarction OR brain ischaemia OR brain ischemia OR transient ischaemic attack OR transient ischemic attack OR heart infarction OR myocardial infarction OR myo-cardial infarction OR myo cardial infarction OR myocardial OR myo-cardial OR myo cardial OR coronary artery occlusion OR coronary artery ischaemia OR coronary artery ischemia OR coronary heart disease OR coronary artery OR atherosclerosis OR athero-sclerosis OR athero sclerosis AND [embase]/lim NOT [medline]/lim AND [1988-2012]/py
Determinant: meta analysis OR meta-analysis OR metaanalysis OR systematic review OR systematic analysis OR quantitative review OR quantitative analysis OR comparing published studies OR combining results OR combined results OR combining data OR combined data OR pooling results OR pooled results OR pooling data OR pooled data AND [embase]/lim NOT [medline]/lim AND [1988-2012]/pyTable S1. Meta-analyses of cohorts without pre-existing cardiovascular disease on markers for cardiovascular disease risk.
MarkerOutcomeRisk Applies ToRiskResults95% ciN PatientsN CohortsHet.Pooling MethodAdj.Patient groupIPDFollow-up PeriodPublicationDiabetes relatedGlucose (post load)Fatal, non-fatal CVDAbove: 7.8 mmol/LRR1.581.19 - 2.101,467 cases7noRandom effects modeln.a.No pre-existing diseaseno5 -15.6 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Coutinho1999323217Coutinho, M.Gerstein, H. C.Wang, Y.Yusuf, S.Preventive Cardiology and Therapeutics Research Program, Hamilton Civic Hospitals Research Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.The relationship between glucose and incident cardiovascular events. A metaregression analysis of published data from 20 studies of 95,783 individuals followed for 12.4 yearsDiabetes CareDiabetes Care233-40222AdultAgedBlood Glucose/analysis/*metabolismCardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiologyDiabetes ComplicationsDiabetes Mellitus/epidemiologyFemaleGlucose Intolerance/complications/*epidemiologyGlucose Tolerance TestHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRegression Analysis1999Feb10333939http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10333939 [1] Glycated hemoglobine (HBA(1c))CVD deathHbA1c level: 0.7RR1.581.22 - 2.061,366 cases7noRandom effects modelyes No pre-existing diseaseno9.2 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Santos-Oliveira333317Santos-Oliveira, R.Purdy, C.da Silva, M. P.dos Anjos Carneiro-Leao, A. M.Machado, M.Einarson, T. R.Divisao de Radiofarmacos, Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Haemoglobin A1c levels and subsequent cardiovascular disease in persons without diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective cohortsDiabetologiaDiabetologia1327-34546AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiological Markers/bloodCardiovascular Diseases/blood/*epidemiology/prevention & controlCohort StudiesFemaleHemoglobin A, Glycosylated/*metabolismHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsYoung AdultJun21340623http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21340623 [2]Glycated hemoglobine (HBA(1c))CVD deathHbA1c level: 0.6RR1.341.13 - 1.581,366 cases7noRandom effects modelyes No pre-existing diseaseno9.2 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Santos-Oliveira333317Santos-Oliveira, R.Purdy, C.da Silva, M. P.dos Anjos Carneiro-Leao, A. M.Machado, M.Einarson, T. R.Divisao de Radiofarmacos, Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Haemoglobin A1c levels and subsequent cardiovascular disease in persons without diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective cohortsDiabetologiaDiabetologia1327-34546AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiological Markers/bloodCardiovascular Diseases/blood/*epidemiology/prevention & controlCohort StudiesFemaleHemoglobin A, Glycosylated/*metabolismHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsYoung AdultJun21340623http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21340623 [2]Glucose (fasting)Fatal, non-fatal CVDAbove 6.1 mmol/LRR1.331.06 - 1.671,053 cases6noRandom effects modeln.a.No pre-existing diseaseno4 -14 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Coutinho1999323217Coutinho, M.Gerstein, H. C.Wang, Y.Yusuf, S.Preventive Cardiology and Therapeutics Research Program, Hamilton Civic Hospitals Research Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.The relationship between glucose and incident cardiovascular events. A metaregression analysis of published data from 20 studies of 95,783 individuals followed for 12.4 yearsDiabetes CareDiabetes Care233-40222AdultAgedBlood Glucose/analysis/*metabolismCardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiologyDiabetes ComplicationsDiabetes Mellitus/epidemiologyFemaleGlucose Intolerance/complications/*epidemiologyGlucose Tolerance TestHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRegression Analysis1999Feb10333939http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10333939 [1]Glycated hemoglobine (HBA(1c))CHD death, non-fatal MI1 SD increaseRR1.201.10 - 1.311,639 cases 9yesRandom effects modelyes No pre-existing CVD, Westernno> 1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Sarwar343417Sarwar, N.Aspelund, T.Eiriksdottir, G.Gobin, R.Seshasai, S. R.Forouhi, N. G.Sigurdsson, G.Danesh, J.Gudnason, V.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. nadeem.sarwar@phpc.cam.ac.ukMarkers of dysglycaemia and risk of coronary heart disease in people without diabetes: Reykjavik prospective study and systematic reviewPLoS MedPLoS Mede100027875AdultBiological Markers/bloodBlood Glucose/*analysisCoronary Disease/*bloodDiabetes MellitusFastingFemaleHemoglobin A, Glycosylated/*analysisHumansHyperglycemia/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesReference ValuesRisk FactorsMay20520805http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20520805 [3]Glycated hemoglobine (HBA(1c))CVD deathHbA1c level: 0.5RR1.131.05 - 1.211,366 cases7noRandom effects modelyes No pre-existing diseaseno9.2 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Santos-Oliveira333317Santos-Oliveira, R.Purdy, C.da Silva, M. P.dos Anjos Carneiro-Leao, A. M.Machado, M.Einarson, T. R.Divisao de Radiofarmacos, Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Haemoglobin A1c levels and subsequent cardiovascular disease in persons without diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective cohortsDiabetologiaDiabetologia1327-34546AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiological Markers/bloodCardiovascular Diseases/blood/*epidemiology/prevention & controlCohort StudiesFemaleHemoglobin A, Glycosylated/*metabolismHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsYoung AdultJun21340623http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21340623 [2]Glucose (fasting)CHD death, non-fatal MI1mmol/L increaseRR1.06 1.00 - 1.1210,808 cases23yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVD, Westernno> 1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Sarwar343417Sarwar, N.Aspelund, T.Eiriksdottir, G.Gobin, R.Seshasai, S. R.Forouhi, N. G.Sigurdsson, G.Danesh, J.Gudnason, V.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. nadeem.sarwar@phpc.cam.ac.ukMarkers of dysglycaemia and risk of coronary heart disease in people without diabetes: Reykjavik prospective study and systematic reviewPLoS MedPLoS Mede100027875AdultBiological Markers/bloodBlood Glucose/*analysisCoronary Disease/*bloodDiabetes MellitusFastingFemaleHemoglobin A, Glycosylated/*analysisHumansHyperglycemia/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesReference ValuesRisk FactorsMay20520805http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20520805 [3]Glucose (non fasting)CHD death, non-fatal MI1mmol/L increaseRR1.051.03 - 1.0712,652 cases27yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVD, Westernno> 1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Sarwar343417Sarwar, N.Aspelund, T.Eiriksdottir, G.Gobin, R.Seshasai, S. R.Forouhi, N. G.Sigurdsson, G.Danesh, J.Gudnason, V.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. nadeem.sarwar@phpc.cam.ac.ukMarkers of dysglycaemia and risk of coronary heart disease in people without diabetes: Reykjavik prospective study and systematic reviewPLoS MedPLoS Mede100027875AdultBiological Markers/bloodBlood Glucose/*analysisCoronary Disease/*bloodDiabetes MellitusFastingFemaleHemoglobin A, Glycosylated/*analysisHumansHyperglycemia/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesReference ValuesRisk FactorsMay20520805http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20520805 [3]HemostasisFibrinogenOther vascular death1 g/L increaseHR2.331.91 - 2.84992 cases31n.a.Cox regressionyesNo pre-existing CHDyes> 1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh20054417Danesh, J.Lewington, S.Thompson, S. G.Lowe, G. D.Collins, R.Kostis, J. B.Wilson, A. C.Folsom, A. R.Wu, K.Benderly, M.Goldbourt, U.Willeit, J.Kiechl, S.Yarnell, J. W.Sweetnam, P. M.Elwood, P. C.Cushman, M.Psaty, B. M.Tracy, R. P.Tybjaerg-Hansen, A.Haverkate, F.de Maat, M. P.Fowkes, F. G.Lee, A. J.Smith, F. B.Salomaa, V.Harald, K.Rasi, R.Vahtera, E.Jousilahti, P.Pekkanen, J.D'Agostino, R.Kannel, W. B.Wilson, P. W.Tofler, G.Arocha-Pinango, C. L.Rodriguez-Larralde, A.Nagy, E.Mijares, M.Espinosa, R.Rodriquez-Roa, E.Ryder, E.Diez-Ewald, M. P.Campos, G.Fernandez, V.Torres, E.Marchioli, R.Valagussa, F.Rosengren, A.Wilhelmsen, L.Lappas, G.Eriksson, H.Cremer, P.Nagel, D.Curb, J. D.Rodriguez, B.Yano, K.Salonen, J. T.Nyyssonen, K.Tuomainen, T. P.Hedblad, B.Lind, P.Loewel, H.Koenig, W.Meade, T. W.Cooper, J. A.De Stavola, B.Knottenbelt, C.Miller, G. J.Cooper, J. A.Bauer, K. A.Rosenberg, R. D.Sato, S.Kitamura, A.Naito, Y.Palosuo, T.Ducimetiere, P.Amouyel, P.Arveiler, D.Evans, A. E.Ferrieres, J.Juhan-Vague, I.Bingham, A.Schulte, H.Assmann, G.Cantin, B.Lamarche, B.Despres, J. P.Dagenais, G. R.Tunstall-Pedoe, H.Woodward, M.Ben-Shlomo, Y.Davey Smith, G.Palmieri, V.Yeh, J. L.Rudnicka, A.Ridker, P.Rodeghiero, F.Tosetto, A.Shepherd, J.Ford, I.Robertson, M.Brunner, E.Shipley, M.Feskens, E. J.Kromhout, D.Dickinson, A.Ireland, B.Juzwishin, K.Kaptoge, S.Lewington, S.Memon, A.Sarwar, N.Walker, M.Wheeler, J.White, I.Wood, A.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England. john.danesh@phpc.cam.ac.ukPlasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and nonvascular mortality: an individual participant meta-analysisJamaJama1799-80929414AdultAged*Cause of DeathCoronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyFibrinogen/*metabolismHumansMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/blood/epidemiologyProportional Hazards ModelsRiskStroke/blood/*epidemiologyVascular Diseases/blood/epidemiology2005Oct 1216219884http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16219884 [4]FibrinogenCHD1 g/L increaseHR1.931.79 - 2.087,118 cases31yesCox regressionyesNo pre-existing CHDyes>1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh20054417Danesh, J.Lewington, S.Thompson, S. G.Lowe, G. D.Collins, R.Kostis, J. B.Wilson, A. C.Folsom, A. R.Wu, K.Benderly, M.Goldbourt, U.Willeit, J.Kiechl, S.Yarnell, J. W.Sweetnam, P. M.Elwood, P. C.Cushman, M.Psaty, B. M.Tracy, R. P.Tybjaerg-Hansen, A.Haverkate, F.de Maat, M. P.Fowkes, F. G.Lee, A. J.Smith, F. B.Salomaa, V.Harald, K.Rasi, R.Vahtera, E.Jousilahti, P.Pekkanen, J.D'Agostino, R.Kannel, W. B.Wilson, P. W.Tofler, G.Arocha-Pinango, C. L.Rodriguez-Larralde, A.Nagy, E.Mijares, M.Espinosa, R.Rodriquez-Roa, E.Ryder, E.Diez-Ewald, M. P.Campos, G.Fernandez, V.Torres, E.Marchioli, R.Valagussa, F.Rosengren, A.Wilhelmsen, L.Lappas, G.Eriksson, H.Cremer, P.Nagel, D.Curb, J. D.Rodriguez, B.Yano, K.Salonen, J. T.Nyyssonen, K.Tuomainen, T. P.Hedblad, B.Lind, P.Loewel, H.Koenig, W.Meade, T. W.Cooper, J. A.De Stavola, B.Knottenbelt, C.Miller, G. J.Cooper, J. A.Bauer, K. A.Rosenberg, R. D.Sato, S.Kitamura, A.Naito, Y.Palosuo, T.Ducimetiere, P.Amouyel, P.Arveiler, D.Evans, A. E.Ferrieres, J.Juhan-Vague, I.Bingham, A.Schulte, H.Assmann, G.Cantin, B.Lamarche, B.Despres, J. P.Dagenais, G. R.Tunstall-Pedoe, H.Woodward, M.Ben-Shlomo, Y.Davey Smith, G.Palmieri, V.Yeh, J. L.Rudnicka, A.Ridker, P.Rodeghiero, F.Tosetto, A.Shepherd, J.Ford, I.Robertson, M.Brunner, E.Shipley, M.Feskens, E. J.Kromhout, D.Dickinson, A.Ireland, B.Juzwishin, K.Kaptoge, S.Lewington, S.Memon, A.Sarwar, N.Walker, M.Wheeler, J.White, I.Wood, A.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England. john.danesh@phpc.cam.ac.ukPlasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and nonvascular mortality: an individual participant meta-analysisJamaJama1799-80929414AdultAged*Cause of DeathCoronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyFibrinogen/*metabolismHumansMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/blood/epidemiologyProportional Hazards ModelsRiskStroke/blood/*epidemiologyVascular Diseases/blood/epidemiology2005Oct 1216219884http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16219884 [4]Von Willebrand FactorCardiac death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.231.14 - 1.333,969 casesn.a.n.a.Inverse variance weighted meanyesNo pre-existing CVDnon.a. ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2004353517Danesh, J.Wheeler, J. G.Hirschfield, G. M.Eda, S.Eiriksdottir, G.Rumley, A.Lowe, G. D.Pepys, M. B.Gudnason, V.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.C-reactive protein and other circulating markers of inflammation in the prediction of coronary heart diseaseN Engl J MedN Engl J Med1387-9735014AgedBiological Markers/bloodBlood SedimentationC-Reactive Protein/*analysisCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*bloodFemaleHumansInflammation/bloodMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedOdds RatioProspective StudiesRiskRisk Factorsvon Willebrand Factor/analysis2004Apr 115070788http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15070788 [5]HormonesVitamin D (serum 25-OH D)CVD deathDecrease in different predefined categories HR1.831.19 - 2.802,007 cases5yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVDno6.2 - 27.1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Grandi8817Grandi, N. C.Breitling, L. P.Brenner, H.Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany. n.grandi@dkfz.deVitamin D and cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studiesPrev MedPrev Med228-33513-4AgedCardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiology/mortality/physiopathology/prevention &controlFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRiskRisk FactorsVitamin D/*blood/physiology/therapeutic useVitamins/*blood/physiology/therapeutic useSep-Oct20600257http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20600257 [6]Vitamin D (serum 25-OH D)CVDDecrease in different predefined categories HR1.541.22 - 1.95756 cases4noRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVDno5 - 10 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Grandi8817Grandi, N. C.Breitling, L. P.Brenner, H.Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany. n.grandi@dkfz.deVitamin D and cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studiesPrev MedPrev Med228-33513-4AgedCardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiology/mortality/physiopathology/prevention &controlFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRiskRisk FactorsVitamin D/*blood/physiology/therapeutic useVitamins/*blood/physiology/therapeutic useSep-Oct20600257http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20600257 [6]Thyroid stimulating hormoneCHDAbove 4-5 mU/LRR1.181.02 - 1.388,071 total3n.a.Fixed effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVDno4 - 20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Singh2008363617Singh, S.Duggal, J.Molnar, J.Maldonado, F.Barsano, C. P.Arora, R.Department of Medicine, Chicago Medical School, Chicago, IL-60064, USA.Impact of subclinical thyroid disorders on coronary heart disease, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysisInt J CardiolInt J Cardiol41-81251Cardiovascular Diseases/*mortality/*physiopathologyCause of DeathCoronary Artery Disease/mortality/physiopathologyHumansHyperthyroidism/complicationsHypothyroidism/complicationsRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsThyroid Diseases/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathologyThyrotropin/bloodThyroxine/blood2008Mar 2817434631http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17434631 [7]TestosteronMI, IHD, CVD, atherosclerosis, stroke, death 1 SD increaseRR0.890.83 - 0.964,598 cases18yesInverse variance weighted meanyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseno3 - 15.3 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ruige373717Ruige, J. B.Mahmoud, A. M.De Bacquer, D.Kaufman, J. M.Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. johannes.ruige@ugent.beEndogenous testosterone and cardiovascular disease in healthy men: a meta-analysisHeartHeart870-59711AdultAgedCardiovascular Diseases/*etiology/mortalityEpidemiologic MethodsHumansMaleMiddle AgedTestosterone/*metabolismJun21177660http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21177660 [8]TestosteronMI, IHD, stroke, atherosclerosis, death1 SD increaseRR0.880.78 - 1.001,709 cases7yesInverse variance weighted meanyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseno3 - 15.3 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ruige373717Ruige, J. B.Mahmoud, A. M.De Bacquer, D.Kaufman, J. M.Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. johannes.ruige@ugent.beEndogenous testosterone and cardiovascular disease in healthy men: a meta-analysisHeartHeart870-59711AdultAgedCardiovascular Diseases/*etiology/mortalityEpidemiologic MethodsHumansMaleMiddle AgedTestosterone/*metabolismJun21177660http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21177660 [8]InflammationCRPCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR2.432.10 - 2.833,181 cases12n.a.Random effects modeln.a.Healthy individualsno2.9 - 20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Shah20095517Shah, T.Casas, J. P.Cooper, J. A.Tzoulaki, I.Sofat, R.McCormack, V.Smeeth, L.Deanfield, J. E.Lowe, G. D.Rumley, A.Fowkes, F. G.Humphries, S. E.Hingorani, A. D.Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK.Critical appraisal of CRP measurement for the prediction of coronary heart disease events: new data and systematic review of 31 prospective cohortsInt J EpidemiolInt J Epidemiol217-31381AgedBiological Markers/bloodC-Reactive Protein/*analysisCoronary Disease/*diagnosis/epidemiologyEpidemiologic MethodsEurope/epidemiologyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisProspective Studies2009Feb18930961http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18930961 [9]CRPCardiac death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.581.48 - 1.687,068 cases22yesInverse variance weighted meanyesNo pre-existing CVDno12 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2004353517Danesh, J.Wheeler, J. G.Hirschfield, G. M.Eda, S.Eiriksdottir, G.Rumley, A.Lowe, G. D.Pepys, M. B.Gudnason, V.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.C-reactive protein and other circulating markers of inflammation in the prediction of coronary heart diseaseN Engl J MedN Engl J Med1387-9735014AgedBiological Markers/bloodBlood SedimentationC-Reactive Protein/*analysisCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*bloodFemaleHumansInflammation/bloodMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedOdds RatioProspective StudiesRiskRisk Factorsvon Willebrand Factor/analysis2004Apr 115070788http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15070788 [5]CRPCHD death, MI1 SD increaseRR1.371.27 - 1.485,373 cases31yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVDyes> 1yr ADDIN EN.CITE Kaptoge383817Kaptoge, S.Di Angelantonio, E.Lowe, G.Pepys, M. B.Thompson, S. G.Collins, R.Danesh, J.Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration Coordinating Centre, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality: an individual participant meta-analysisLancetLancet132-403759709Alcohol Drinking/blood/epidemiologyBiological Markers/bloodBlood PressureBody Mass IndexC-Reactive Protein/*analysisCholesterol/bloodCoronary Disease/*blood/mortality/prevention & controlDatabases, FactualDiabetes Mellitus/blood/epidemiologyFemaleFibrinogen/analysisHumansInterleukin-6/bloodLeukocyte CountLung Diseases/blood/mortalityMaleMiddle AgedMotor ActivityNeoplasms/blood/mortalityRegression Analysis*Risk AssessmentRisk FactorsSerum AlbuminSex FactorsSmoking/blood/epidemiologyStroke/*blood/mortality/prevention & controlTriglycerides/bloodJan 920031199http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20031199 [10]IL-6CHD death, MI1 SD increaseOR1.261.19 - 1.355,730 cases17yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseno6 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2008393917Danesh, J.Kaptoge, S.Mann, A. G.Sarwar, N.Wood, A.Angleman, S. B.Wensley, F.Higgins, J. P.Lennon, L.Eiriksdottir, G.Rumley, A.Whincup, P. H.Lowe, G. D.Gudnason, V.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. john.danesh@phpc.cam.ac.ukLong-term interleukin-6 levels and subsequent risk of coronary heart disease: two new prospective studies and a systematic reviewPLoS MedPLoS Mede7854Cohort StudiesCoronary Disease/diagnosis/*etiology/immunologyFemaleHumansInflammationInterleukin-6/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2008Apr 818399716http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18399716 [11]Kidney functionSerum creatine (eGFR)CHD death, non-fatal MIBelow 60mL/min/1.73m2RR1.321.19 - 1.474,720 cases7noFixed effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseno>1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2007404017Di Angelantonio, E.Danesh, J.Eiriksdottir, G.Gudnason, V.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.Renal function and risk of coronary heart disease in general populations: new prospective study and systematic reviewPLoS MedPLoS Mede27049AnimalsCoronary Disease/*epidemiology/etiology/*physiopathologyHumansKidney Diseases/complications/*epidemiology/*physiopathologyKidney Function Tests*Population Surveillance/methodsProspective StudiesRisk Factors2007Sep17803353http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17803353 [12]Serum uric acidCHD deathAbove 4.7 - 7.7 mg/dLRR1.161.01 - 1.304,038 cases8yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVDno8.2 - 24.9 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Kim414117Kim, S. Y.Guevara, J. P.Kim, K. M.Choi, H. K.Heitjan, D. F.Albert, D. A.Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. skim62@partners.orgHyperuricemia and coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysisArthritis Care Res (Hoboken)Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)170-80622Coronary Disease/epidemiology/*etiology/mortalityDatabases, FactualHumansHyperuricemia/*complicationsIncidenceOdds RatioRisk AssessmentSex DistributionFeb20191515http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20191515 [13]Serum uric acidCHD Above 4.7 - 7.7 mg/dLRR1.091.03 - 1.165,198 cases9yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVDno6.5 - 17.5 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Kim414117Kim, S. Y.Guevara, J. P.Kim, K. M.Choi, H. K.Heitjan, D. F.Albert, D. A.Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. skim62@partners.orgHyperuricemia and coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysisArthritis Care Res (Hoboken)Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)170-80622Coronary Disease/epidemiology/*etiology/mortalityDatabases, FactualHumansHyperuricemia/*complicationsIncidenceOdds RatioRisk AssessmentSex DistributionFeb20191515http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20191515 [13]LipidsApoBCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR1.991.65 - 2.396,920 cases19yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-exsting CVDno9 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Thompson20066617Thompson, A.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.Associations between apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein AI, the apolipoprotein B/AI ratio and coronary heart disease: a literature-based meta-analysis of prospective studiesJ Intern MedJ Intern Med481-922595Apolipoprotein A-I/*bloodApolipoproteins B/*bloodBiological Markers/bloodCoronary Disease/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleProspective StudiesRisk Assessment/methods2006May16629854http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16629854 [14]ApoB/ApoAI ratioCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR1.861.55 - 2.223.730 cases7yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVDno10 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Thompson20066617Thompson, A.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.Associations between apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein AI, the apolipoprotein B/AI ratio and coronary heart disease: a literature-based meta-analysis of prospective studiesJ Intern MedJ Intern Med481-922595Apolipoprotein A-I/*bloodApolipoproteins B/*bloodBiological Markers/bloodCoronary Disease/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleProspective StudiesRisk Assessment/methods2006May16629854http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16629854 [14]HDLIHD death0.33 mmol/L decreaseHR1.831.65 - 2.031,198 cases23noCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD (age 60-69)yes8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]TriglyceridesCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.72 1.56 - 1.9010,158 cases29yesInverse variance weighted meanyesNo pre-existing diseaseno3.2 - 20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Sarwar2007424217Sarwar, N.Danesh, J.Eiriksdottir, G.Sigurdsson, G.Wareham, N.Bingham, S.Boekholdt, S. M.Khaw, K. T.Gudnason, V.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK.Triglycerides and the risk of coronary heart disease: 10,158 incident cases among 262,525 participants in 29 Western prospective studiesCirculationCirculation450-81154Case-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyHumansIncidenceProspective StudiesRisk FactorsTriglycerides/*blood2007Jan 3017190864http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17190864 [16]HDLIHD death0.33 mmol/L decreaseHR1.631.44 - 1.85764 cases23yesCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD (age 40-59)yes8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]ApoAICHDBottom vs top tertileRR1.621.43 - 1.836,333 cases21yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-exsting CVDno9 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Thompson20066617Thompson, A.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.Associations between apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein AI, the apolipoprotein B/AI ratio and coronary heart disease: a literature-based meta-analysis of prospective studiesJ Intern MedJ Intern Med481-922595Apolipoprotein A-I/*bloodApolipoproteins B/*bloodBiological Markers/bloodCoronary Disease/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleProspective StudiesRisk Assessment/methods2006May16629854http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16629854 [14]Non-HDL cholesterolCHD43 mg/dL increase HR1.591.36 - 1.8512,785 cases68yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]ApoBCHD29 mg/dL increaseHR1.58 1.39 - 1.794,499 cases22yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]Non-HDL cholesterolCHD1.53 unit increaseHR1.501.38 - 1.624,499 cases22yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]ApoB/ApoAI ratioCHD0.27 unit increaseHR1.491.39 - 1.604,499 cases22yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]CholesterolCVD deathFourth vs other quartilesHR1.491.05 - 2.10201 cases5noCox regressionyesNo pre-existing CVDyes4.5 - 10.6 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Nakagami2006444417Nakagami, T.Qiao, Q.Tuomilehto, J.Balkau, B.Tajima, N.Hu, G.Borch-Johnsen, K.Diabetes Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. nakagami@dmc.twnu.ac.jpScreen-detected diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia as predictors of cardiovascular mortality in five populations of Asian origin: the DECODA studyEur J Cardiovasc Prev RehabilEur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil555-61134Asia/epidemiology*Asian Continental Ancestry GroupDiabetes Mellitus/diagnosis/*mortalityFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansHypercholesterolemia/diagnosis/*mortalityHypertension/diagnosis/*mortalityMale*Mass ScreeningMiddle Aged*Population SurveillanceProspective StudiesSurvival Rate2006Aug16874145http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16874145 [18]Low densitty lipoproteinCHD33 mg/dL increaseHR1.381.09 - 1.732,076 cases8yesCox regressionyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]HDLIHD death0.33 mmol/L decreaseHR1.351.22 - 1.491,058 cases23noCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD (age 70-89)yes8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]CholesterolCHD death1 mmol/L increaseRR1.221.18 - 1.2718,244 total6n.a.Fixed effects modelyesNot selected on any disease, Men; middle-age and aboveno3 - 32 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Anum2004454517Anum, E. A.Adera, T.Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0212, USA.Hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart disease in the elderly: a meta-analysisAnn EpidemiolAnn Epidemiol705-21149AgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*epidemiology/etiology/mortalityFemaleHumansHypercholesterolemia/complications/*epidemiologyIncidenceMedlineMaleMiddle AgedRisk Factors2004Oct15380802http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15380802 [19]CholesterolCHD death1 mmol/L increaseRR1.221.15 - 1.2813,486 total11n.a.Fixed effects modelyesNot selected on any disease, Men: >65 yrno3 - 32 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Anum2004454517Anum, E. A.Adera, T.Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0212, USA.Hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart disease in the elderly: a meta-analysisAnn EpidemiolAnn Epidemiol705-21149AgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*epidemiology/etiology/mortalityFemaleHumansHypercholesterolemia/complications/*epidemiologyIncidenceMedlineMaleMiddle AgedRisk Factors2004Oct15380802http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15380802 [19]Lipoprotein(a)CHD1 SD increaseRR1.101.02 - 1.18106,645 total30yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-exiting CHDno>1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Erqou2009464617Erqou, S.Kaptoge, S.Perry, P. L.Di Angelantonio, E.Thompson, A.White, I. R.Marcovina, S. M.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Lipoprotein(a) concentration and the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and nonvascular mortalityJamaJama412-233024Cause of DeathCoronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyHumansLipoprotein(a)/*bloodRisk FactorsStroke/*blood/*epidemiology2009Jul 2219622820http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19622820 [20]CholesterolCHD death1 mmol/L increaseRR1.040.85 - 1.239.342 total6n.a.Fixed effects modelyesNot selected on any disease, Women: >65 yrno3 - 32 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Anum2004454517Anum, E. A.Adera, T.Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0212, USA.Hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart disease in the elderly: a meta-analysisAnn EpidemiolAnn Epidemiol705-21149AgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*epidemiology/etiology/mortalityFemaleHumansHypercholesterolemia/complications/*epidemiologyIncidenceMedlineMaleMiddle AgedRisk Factors2004Oct15380802http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15380802 [19]TriglyceridesCHDPer 68% increase HR0.990.94 - 1.0512,785 cases68yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]CholesterolIHD death1 mmol/L decreaseHR0.850.82 - 0.895,626 cases61noCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD, age 80-89 yes13 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]CholesterolIHD death1 mmol/L decreaseHR0.82 0.80 - 0.8510,829 cases61noCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD, age 70-79yes13 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]ApoAICHD29 mg/dL increaseHR0.780.72 - 0.864,499 cases22yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]HDLCHD15 mg/dL increase HR0.770.72 - 0.8312,785 cases68yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]Non-HDL cholesterolIHD death1 mmol/L decreaseHR0.730.67 - 0.791,058 cases23noCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD (age 70-89)yes8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]CholesterolIHD death1 mmol/L decreaseHR0.720.69 - 0.7410,419 cases61noCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD, age 60-69 yes13 yr mean SD:6 ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]Cholesterol/HDL ratioIHD death1.33 units decreaseHR0.69 0.63 - 0.741,058 cases23noCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD (age 70-89)yes8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]Non-HDL cholesterolIHD death1 mmol/L decreaseHR0.660.61 - 0.711,198 cases23noCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD (age 60-69)yes8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]Cholesterol/HDL ratioIHD death1.33 units decreaseHR0.600.56 - 0.641,198 cases23yesCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD (age 60-69)yes8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]CholesterolIHD death1 mmol/L decreaseHR0.580.56 - 0.615,561 cases61yesCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD, age 50-59 yes13 yr mean SD:6 ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]Non-HDL cholesterolIHD death1 mmol/L decreaseHR0.570.52 - 0.62764 cases23noCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD (age 40-59)yes8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]Cholesterol/HDL ratioIHD death1.33 units decreaseHR0.56 0.51 - 0.60764 cases23noCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD (age 40-59)yes8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]CholesterolIHD death1 mmol/L decreaseHR0.440.42 - 0.481,309 cases61yesCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD, (age 40-49) yes13 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]MiscellaneousHomocysteineCardiac eventsHomocysteine levels increaseRR1.381.16 - 1.632,529 cases15yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVDno3 - 12.8 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Bautista2002474717Bautista, L. E.Arenas, I. A.Penuela, A.Martinez, L. X.Uniformed Services University of the Health Science, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Room A1039, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA. lbautista@usuhs.milTotal plasma homocysteine level and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studiesJ Clin EpidemiolJ Clin Epidemiol882-7559Cardiovascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiologyHomocysteine/*bloodHumansRisk Factors2002Sep12393075http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12393075 [21]Erythrocyte sedimentation rateCardiac death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.331.22 - 1.444,386 cases6n.a.Inverse variance weighted meanyesNo pre-existing CVDnon.a. ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2004353517Danesh, J.Wheeler, J. G.Hirschfield, G. M.Eda, S.Eiriksdottir, G.Rumley, A.Lowe, G. D.Pepys, M. B.Gudnason, V.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.C-reactive protein and other circulating markers of inflammation in the prediction of coronary heart diseaseN Engl J MedN Engl J Med1387-9735014AgedBiological Markers/bloodBlood SedimentationC-Reactive Protein/*analysisCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*bloodFemaleHumansInflammation/bloodMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedOdds RatioProspective StudiesRiskRisk Factorsvon Willebrand Factor/analysis2004Apr 115070788http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15070788 [5]HomocysteineCHD5 (mol/L increase OR1.231.06 -1.411,943 cases10yesRandom effects modelnoNo pre-existing CVDnon.a. ADDIN EN.CITE Ford2002484817Ford, E. S.Smith, S. J.Stroup, D. F.Steinberg, K. K.Mueller, P. W.Thacker, S. B.Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.Homocyst(e)ine and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of the evidence with special emphasis on case-control studies and nested case-control studiesInt J EpidemiolInt J Epidemiol59-70311Cardiovascular Diseases/*blood/*epidemiologyCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesConfounding Factors (Epidemiology)Coronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyHomocysteine/*bloodHumansRisk Factors2002Feb11914295http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11914295 [22]HomocysteineCHD5 (mol/L increase RR1.18 1.10 - 1.2622,652 total21noRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseno2.7 - 24 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Humphrey2008494917Humphrey, L. L.Fu, R.Rogers, K.Freeman, M.Helfand, M.Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA.Homocysteine level and coronary heart disease incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysisMayo Clin ProcMayo Clin Proc1203-128311AdultCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*etiologyFemaleHomocysteine/*bloodHumansMaleOdds RatioProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSex Factors2008Nov18990318http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18990318 [23]HomocysteineCHD5 (mol/L increase OR1.060.99 - 1.13269 cases2noFixed effects modelnoNo pre-existing CVD, malesnon.a. ADDIN EN.CITE Ford2002484817Ford, E. S.Smith, S. J.Stroup, D. F.Steinberg, K. K.Mueller, P. W.Thacker, S. B.Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.Homocyst(e)ine and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of the evidence with special emphasis on case-control studies and nested case-control studiesInt J EpidemiolInt J Epidemiol59-70311Cardiovascular Diseases/*blood/*epidemiologyCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesConfounding Factors (Epidemiology)Coronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyHomocysteine/*bloodHumansRisk Factors2002Feb11914295http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11914295 [22]HomocysteineIHD25% lower usual homocysteine levelOR0.890.83 - 0.961,855 cases11yesRegressionyes No pre-existing cerebrovascular diseaseyesn.a. ADDIN EN.CITE 2002505017Homocysteine and risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke: a meta-analysisJamaJama2015-2228816AdultAgedCardiovascular Diseases/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHomocysteine/*bloodHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Ischemia/*blood/epidemiologyProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsStroke/*blood/epidemiology2002Oct 23-3012387654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12387654 [24]SeleniumCHD, MITop vs bottom quantilesRR0.850.74 - 0.991,366 cases14noRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVDno3 - 25 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Flores-Mateo2006707017Flores-Mateo, G.Navas-Acien, A.Pastor-Barriuso, R.Guallar, E.Departmentsof Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.Selenium and coronary heart disease: a meta-analysisAm J Clin NutrAm J Clin Nutr762-73844Biological Markers/bloodCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*blood/metabolism/*prevention & control*Dietary SupplementsDose-Response Relationship, DrugEvidence-Based MedicineHumansPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicReproducibility of ResultsRisk AssessmentSelenium/*administration & dosage/*blood/metabolism2006Oct17023702http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17023702 [25]
Table S2. Meta-analyses of cohorts with pre-existing cardiovascular disease on markers for cardiovascular disease risk.
MarkerOutcomeRisk Applies toRiskResults95% ciN PatientsN CohortsHet.Pooling MethodsAdj.Patient group, general populationIPDfollow-up periodPublicationHemostasisVon Willebrand FactorCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.61.0 - 2.5723 cases8noInverse variance weighted meanyesPre-existing CVDno7 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Whincup2002515117Whincup, P. H.Danesh, J.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Appleby, P.Rumley, A.Lowe, G. D.Department of Public Health Sciences, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.von Willebrand factor and coronary heart disease: prospective study and meta-analysisEur Heart JEur Heart J1764-702322AdultAntigens/*analysisBiological Markers/bloodCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*blood/drug therapy/etiologyHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factorsvon Willebrand Factor/immunology2002Nov12419296http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12419296 [26]FibrinogenAcute coronary eventsAbove median fibrinogen levelsHR1.421.18 - 1.70477 cases3noCox regressionyesTIA or ischemic stroke patientsyes2.6 - 10 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Rothwell2004525217Rothwell, P. M.Howard, S. C.Power, D. A.Gutnikov, S. A.Algra, A.van Gijn, J.Clark, T. G.Murphy, M. F.Warlow, C. P.Stroke Prevention Research Unit, University of Oxford, UK. peter.rothwell@clneuro.ox.ac.ukFibrinogen concentration and risk of ischemic stroke and acute coronary events in 5113 patients with transient ischemic attack and minor ischemic strokeStrokeStroke2300-53510AgedFemaleFibrinogen/*analysisHumansIschemic Attack, Transient/*bloodMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/*bloodProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsStroke/*blood2004Oct15345800http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15345800 [27]Tissue plasminogen activatorCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.32 0.70 - 2.50450 cases6yesInverse variance weighted meanyesPre-existing CVDno8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lowe2004535317Lowe, G. D.Danesh, J.Lewington, S.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Rumley, A.Whincup, P. H.University Department of Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK. gdl1j@clinmed.gla.ac.ukTissue plasminogen activator antigen and coronary heart disease. Prospective study and meta-analysisEur Heart JEur Heart J252-9253AdultAntigens/*bloodCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/blood/*immunologyHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsTissue Plasminogen Activator/*immunology2004Feb14972427http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=14972427 [28]FibrinogenAcute ischemic vascular eventsAbove median fibrinogen levelsHR1.31 1.15 - 1.491,005 cases3noCox regressionyesTIA or ischemic stroke patientsyes2.6 - 10 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Rothwell2004525217Rothwell, P. M.Howard, S. C.Power, D. A.Gutnikov, S. A.Algra, A.van Gijn, J.Clark, T. G.Murphy, M. F.Warlow, C. P.Stroke Prevention Research Unit, University of Oxford, UK. peter.rothwell@clneuro.ox.ac.ukFibrinogen concentration and risk of ischemic stroke and acute coronary events in 5113 patients with transient ischemic attack and minor ischemic strokeStrokeStroke2300-53510AgedFemaleFibrinogen/*analysisHumansIschemic Attack, Transient/*bloodMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/*bloodProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsStroke/*blood2004Oct15345800http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15345800 [27]Inflammationhs-CRPCardiac death > 180 days after vascular surgery1 mg/L > hs-CRP > 3 mg/LOR5.651.71 - 18.73477 total4noFixed effects modeln.a.Vascular surgery patientsno>180 days ADDIN EN.CITE Padayachee2009101017Padayachee, L.Rodseth, R. N.Biccard, B. M.Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.A meta-analysis of the utility of C-reactive protein in predicting early, intermediate-term and long term mortality and major adverse cardiac events in vascular surgical patientsAnaesthesiaAnaesthesia416-24644AdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiological Markers/bloodC-Reactive Protein/*analysisCardiovascular Diseases/mortalityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/etiologyPostoperative PeriodPrognosisVascular Surgical Procedures/adverse effects/*mortality2009Apr19317708http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19317708 [29]hs-CRPMACE > 180 days after vascular surgery1 mg/L > hs-CRP > 3 mg/LOR2.761.38 - 5.55386 total3noFixed effects modeln.a.Vascular surgery patientsno>180 days ADDIN EN.CITE Padayachee2009101017Padayachee, L.Rodseth, R. N.Biccard, B. M.Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.A meta-analysis of the utility of C-reactive protein in predicting early, intermediate-term and long term mortality and major adverse cardiac events in vascular surgical patientsAnaesthesiaAnaesthesia416-24644AdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiological Markers/bloodC-Reactive Protein/*analysisCardiovascular Diseases/mortalityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/etiologyPostoperative PeriodPrognosisVascular Surgical Procedures/adverse effects/*mortality2009Apr19317708http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19317708 [29]hs-CRP/CRPMACE <30 days after vascular surgeryHigh risk vs low risk concentrationOR2.58 0.42 - 16.0185 total2noFixed effects modeln.a.Vascular surgery patientsno<30 days ADDIN EN.CITE Padayachee2009101017Padayachee, L.Rodseth, R. N.Biccard, B. M.Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.A meta-analysis of the utility of C-reactive protein in predicting early, intermediate-term and long term mortality and major adverse cardiac events in vascular surgical patientsAnaesthesiaAnaesthesia416-24644AdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiological Markers/bloodC-Reactive Protein/*analysisCardiovascular Diseases/mortalityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/etiologyPostoperative PeriodPrognosisVascular Surgical Procedures/adverse effects/*mortality2009Apr19317708http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19317708 [29]CRPDeath, non-fatal cardiovascular eventsTop vs bottom tertileRR1.971.78 - 2.176,485 cases83yesRandom effects modelyesStable coronary disease patientsno0.014 - 12 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Hemingway111117Hemingway, H.Philipson, P.Chen, R.Fitzpatrick, N. K.Damant, J.Shipley, M.Abrams, K. R.Moreno, S.McAllister, K. S.Palmer, S.Kaski, J. C.Timmis, A. D.Hingorani, A. D.Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom. h.hemingway@ucl.ac.ukEvaluating the quality of research into a single prognostic biomarker: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 83 studies of C-reactive protein in stable coronary artery diseasePLoS MedPLoS Mede100028676Bias (Epidemiology)Biological Markers/bloodBiomedical Research/*standardsC-Reactive Protein/*metabolismCoronary Artery Disease/*blood/mortalityGuidelines as TopicHumansPrognosisPublication BiasRisk FactorsJun20532236http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20532236 [30]CRPCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR1.51.1 - 2.1604 cases3noInverse variance weighted meanyesPre-existing CVDno8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2000545417Danesh, J.Whincup, P.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Appleby, P.Gallimore, J. R.Pepys, M. B.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE.Low grade inflammation and coronary heart disease: prospective study and updated meta-analysesBmjBmj199-2043217255Acute-Phase Reaction/blood/etiologyAdultBiological Markers/bloodC-Reactive Protein/metabolismCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*blood/*etiology/pathologyHumansInflammation/*blood/etiologyMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioProspective Studies2000Jul 2210903648http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10903648 [31]hs-CRPNon-fatal MI > 180 days after vascular surgery1 mg/L > hs-CRP > 3 mg/LOR1.380.63 - 3.03386 total3noFixed effects modeln.a.Vascular surgery patientsno>180 days ADDIN EN.CITE Padayachee2009101017Padayachee, L.Rodseth, R. N.Biccard, B. M.Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.A meta-analysis of the utility of C-reactive protein in predicting early, intermediate-term and long term mortality and major adverse cardiac events in vascular surgical patientsAnaesthesiaAnaesthesia416-24644AdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiological Markers/bloodC-Reactive Protein/*analysisCardiovascular Diseases/mortalityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/etiologyPostoperative PeriodPrognosisVascular Surgical Procedures/adverse effects/*mortality2009Apr19317708http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19317708 [29]IL-6Death after stroke, CVD, cancer, otherUnit increaseOR1.071.04 - 1.101,184 total3yesFixed effects modelyesStroke patientsno0 - 6 monts ADDIN EN.CITE Whiteley2009555517Whiteley, W.Jackson, C.Lewis, S.Lowe, G.Rumley, A.Sandercock, P.Wardlaw, J.Dennis, M.Sudlow, C.Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. william.whiteley@ed.ac.ukInflammatory markers and poor outcome after stroke: a prospective cohort study and systematic review of interleukin-6PLoS MedPLoS Mede100014569AgedAged, 80 and overBiological Markers/bloodBlood Glucose/metabolismC-Reactive Protein/metabolismFemaleFibrinogen/metabolismHumansInflammation/*bloodInterleukin-6/*bloodLeukocyte CountMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioPrognosisProspective StudiesStroke/*blood2009Sep19901973http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19901973 [32]Leukocyte countMI1 E6/L increaseHR1.02 0.99 - 1.05582 cases3n.a.Cox regressionnoPCI patientsno1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Gurm2003565617Gurm, H. S.Bhatt, D. L.Lincoff, A. M.Tcheng, J. E.Kereiakes, D. J.Kleiman, N. S.Jia, G.Topol, E. J.Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.Impact of preprocedural white blood cell count on long term mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention: insights from the EPIC, EPILOG, and EPISTENT trialsHeartHeart1200-48910Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/*mortalityCoronary Disease/*mortality/therapyFemaleHumansLeukocyte CountMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/*blood/*mortalityPredictive Value of TestsProportional Hazards ModelsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk Factors2003Oct12975419http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12975419 [33]IschemiacTnT + cTnIMI, deathcTnT above 0.1-0.2 ng/mL, cTnI above 0.1-3.1 ng/mLOR9.396.46 - 13.67160 cases10noFixed effects modeln.a.Unstable angina patientsno30 days ADDIN EN.CITE Ottani20009917Ottani, F.Galvani, M.Nicolini, F. A.Ferrini, D.Pozzati, A.Di Pasquale, G.Jaffe, A. S.M.Z. Sacco Heart Foundation; the Cardiology Division, Bentivoglio Hospital, Bentivoglio, Forli, Italy. ottanif@amf.dsnet.itElevated cardiac troponin levels predict the risk of adverse outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromesAm Heart JAm Heart J917-271406Angina, Unstable/*blood/mortality/physiopathologyBiological Markers/bloodDeath, Sudden, CardiacHumansMyocardial Infarction/*blood/mortality/physiopathologyPrognosisRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexSurvival RateTroponin I/*bloodTroponin T/*blood2000Dec11099996http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11099996 [34]BNP + NT-pro BNP CHD death, non-fatal MI BNP above 116 gp/mL, NT-proBNP above 227.5 pg/mLOR7.94.7 - 13.375 cases5yesRandom effects modelyesVascular surgery patientsyes30 months ADDIN EN.CITE Rodseth575717Rodseth, R. N.Lurati Buse, G. A.Bolliger, D.Burkhart, C. S.Cuthbertson, B. H.Gibson, S. C.Mahla, E.Leibowitz, D. W.Biccard, B. M.Perioperative Research Unit, Department of Anaesthetics, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Congella, South Africa. reitzerodseth@gmail.comThe predictive ability of pre-operative B-type natriuretic peptide in vascular patients for major adverse cardiac events: an individual patient data meta-analysisJ Am Coll CardiolJ Am Coll Cardiol522-9585Cardiovascular Diseases/*mortalityHumansMyocardial Infarction/*epidemiologyNatriuretic Peptide, Brain/*bloodPeptide Fragments/blood*Preoperative PeriodROC CurveRisk AssessmentSensitivity and Specificity*Vascular Surgical ProceduresJul 2621777751http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21777751 [35]cTnIMI, deathAbove unknown levelRR5.71.8 - 19882 cases4yesFixed effects modeln.a.Unstable angina pectoris patientsno4 weeks ADDIN EN.CITE Heidenreich2000585817Heidenreich, P. A.Go, A.Melsop, K. A.Alloggiamento, T.McDonald, K. M.Hagan, V.Hastie, T.Hlatky, M. A.Prediction of risk for patients with unstable anginaEvid Rep Technol Assess (Summ)Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ)1-331Angina, Unstable/blood/complications/*diagnosis/mortalityChest Pain/diagnosisControlled Clinical Trials as TopicDeath, Sudden, Cardiac/etiologyDiabetes ComplicationsElectrocardiographyEmergency Service, HospitalFemaleHeart Failure/complicationsHospitalizationHumansHypertension/complicationsMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMultivariate AnalysisMyocardial Infarction/complicationsOdds RatioOutcome Assessment (Health Care)PrognosisResearchRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSex FactorsSmoking/adverse effectsTime FactorsTroponin/blood2000Aug11013605http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11013605 [36]cTnIMI, deathAbove different level per studyOR4.943.9 - 6.21,168 cases13n.a.Regressionn.a.ACS, nSTEMI patientsno4 days - 6 months ADDIN EN.CITE Fleming2001595917Fleming, S. M.Daly, K. M.Department of Cardiology, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.Cardiac troponins in suspected acute coronary syndrome: a meta-analysis of published trialsCardiologyCardiology66-73952Biological Markers/bloodCoronary Disease/*blood/complications/mortalityHumansMyocardial Infarction/*diagnosis/etiology/mortalityOdds RatioOutcome Assessment (Health Care)Predictive Value of TestsTroponin/*bloodTroponin I/bloodTroponin T/blood200111423709http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11423709 [37]cTnT + cTnIMI, deathcTnT above 0.1-0.2 ng/mL, cTnI above 0.1-0.6 ng/mLOR4.933.77 - 6.451,602 cases16yesFixed effects modeln.a.nSTEMI patientsno30 days ADDIN EN.CITE Ottani20009917Ottani, F.Galvani, M.Nicolini, F. A.Ferrini, D.Pozzati, A.Di Pasquale, G.Jaffe, A. S.M.Z. Sacco Heart Foundation; the Cardiology Division, Bentivoglio Hospital, Bentivoglio, Forli, Italy. ottanif@amf.dsnet.itElevated cardiac troponin levels predict the risk of adverse outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromesAm Heart JAm Heart J917-271406Angina, Unstable/*blood/mortality/physiopathologyBiological Markers/bloodDeath, Sudden, CardiacHumansMyocardial Infarction/*blood/mortality/physiopathologyPrognosisRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexSurvival RateTroponin I/*bloodTroponin T/*blood2000Dec11099996http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11099996 [34]cTnTMI, deathAbove 0.1-0.2 ng/mLOR4.583.8 - 5.51,965 cases16n.a.Regressionn.a.ACS, nSTEMI patientsno4 days - 6 months ADDIN EN.CITE Fleming2001595917Fleming, S. M.Daly, K. M.Department of Cardiology, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.Cardiac troponins in suspected acute coronary syndrome: a meta-analysis of published trialsCardiologyCardiology66-73952Biological Markers/bloodCoronary Disease/*blood/complications/mortalityHumansMyocardial Infarction/*diagnosis/etiology/mortalityOdds RatioOutcome Assessment (Health Care)Predictive Value of TestsTroponin/*bloodTroponin I/bloodTroponin T/blood200111423709http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11423709 [37]cTnTNeed for revascularizationAbove 0.1-0.2 (g/LOR4.43.0 - 6.5163 cases4n.a.Regressionn.a.Non-AMI patientsnohospitalization - 34 months ADDIN EN.CITE Wu1995606017Wu, A. H.Lane, P. L.Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Hartford Hospital, CT 06102, USA.Metaanalysis in clinical chemistry: validation of cardiac troponin T as a marker for ischemic heart diseasesClin ChemClin Chem1228-33418 Pt 2*Biological MarkersChemistry, Clinical/*statistics & numerical dataCreatine KinaseHumansIsoenzymesMyocardial Infarction/diagnosisMyocardial Ischemia/*diagnosisMyocardium/*chemistryRetrospective StudiesSensitivity and SpecificityTroponin/*bloodTroponin T1995Aug7628112http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=7628112 [38]cTnT Cardiac death, AMIAbove 0.1-0.2 (g/LOR4.32.8 - 6.896 cases7n.a.Regressionn.a.Non-AMI patientsnohospitalization - 34 months ADDIN EN.CITE Wu1995606017Wu, A. H.Lane, P. L.Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Hartford Hospital, CT 06102, USA.Metaanalysis in clinical chemistry: validation of cardiac troponin T as a marker for ischemic heart diseasesClin ChemClin Chem1228-33418 Pt 2*Biological MarkersChemistry, Clinical/*statistics & numerical dataCreatine KinaseHumansIsoenzymesMyocardial Infarction/diagnosisMyocardial Ischemia/*diagnosisMyocardium/*chemistryRetrospective StudiesSensitivity and SpecificityTroponin/*bloodTroponin T1995Aug7628112http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=7628112 [38]cTnICardiac death, non-fatal MIAbove 0.03-3.1 (g/LRR4.22.7 - 6.4n.a.9noRegressionn.a.Unstable angina pectoris patientsno42 days median ADDIN EN.CITE Olatidoye1998616117Olatidoye, A. G.Wu, A. H.Feng, Y. J.Waters, D.Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Hartford Hospital, Connecticut, USA.Prognostic role of troponin T versus troponin I in unstable angina pectoris for cardiac events with meta-analysis comparing published studiesAm J CardiolAm J Cardiol1405-108112AgedAngina, Unstable/*blood/*complicationsBiological Markers/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/*diagnosisOdds RatioPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesRiskTroponin/*bloodTroponin I/*bloodTroponin T1998Jun 159645888http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9645888 [39]cTnTMI, deathAbove unknown levelRR3.82.6 - 5.51,292 cases12yesFixed effects modeln.a.Unstable angina pectoris patientsno1 -147 weeks ADDIN EN.CITE Heidenreich2000585817Heidenreich, P. A.Go, A.Melsop, K. A.Alloggiamento, T.McDonald, K. M.Hagan, V.Hastie, T.Hlatky, M. A.Prediction of risk for patients with unstable anginaEvid Rep Technol Assess (Summ)Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ)1-331Angina, Unstable/blood/complications/*diagnosis/mortalityChest Pain/diagnosisControlled Clinical Trials as TopicDeath, Sudden, Cardiac/etiologyDiabetes ComplicationsElectrocardiographyEmergency Service, HospitalFemaleHeart Failure/complicationsHospitalizationHumansHypertension/complicationsMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMultivariate AnalysisMyocardial Infarction/complicationsOdds RatioOutcome Assessment (Health Care)PrognosisResearchRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSex FactorsSmoking/adverse effectsTime FactorsTroponin/blood2000Aug11013605http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11013605 [36]cTnT + cTnIMI, deathcTnT above 0.1-0.2 ng/mL, cTnI above 0.1-3.1 ng/mLOR3.112.59 - 3.74201 cases21noFixed effects modeln.a.Unstable angina patientsno5 months -3 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ottani20009917Ottani, F.Galvani, M.Nicolini, F. A.Ferrini, D.Pozzati, A.Di Pasquale, G.Jaffe, A. S.M.Z. Sacco Heart Foundation; the Cardiology Division, Bentivoglio Hospital, Bentivoglio, Forli, Italy. ottanif@amf.dsnet.itElevated cardiac troponin levels predict the risk of adverse outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromesAm Heart JAm Heart J917-271406Angina, Unstable/*blood/mortality/physiopathologyBiological Markers/bloodDeath, Sudden, CardiacHumansMyocardial Infarction/*blood/mortality/physiopathologyPrognosisRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexSurvival RateTroponin I/*bloodTroponin T/*blood2000Dec11099996http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11099996 [34]cTnTMI, deathAbove 0.1-0.2 ng/mlOR2.862.35 - 3.471,330 cases3noFixed effects modeln.a.STEMI patientsno30 days ADDIN EN.CITE Ottani20009917Ottani, F.Galvani, M.Nicolini, F. A.Ferrini, D.Pozzati, A.Di Pasquale, G.Jaffe, A. S.M.Z. Sacco Heart Foundation; the Cardiology Division, Bentivoglio Hospital, Bentivoglio, Forli, Italy. ottanif@amf.dsnet.itElevated cardiac troponin levels predict the risk of adverse outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromesAm Heart JAm Heart J917-271406Angina, Unstable/*blood/mortality/physiopathologyBiological Markers/bloodDeath, Sudden, CardiacHumansMyocardial Infarction/*blood/mortality/physiopathologyPrognosisRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexSurvival RateTroponin I/*bloodTroponin T/*blood2000Dec11099996http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11099996 [34]cTnT + cTnIMI, death cTnT above 0.1-0.2 ng/mL, cTnI above 0.6 ng/mLOR2.792.17 - 3.58322 cases5noFixed effects modeln.a.nSTEMI patientsno5 months -3 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ottani20009917Ottani, F.Galvani, M.Nicolini, F. A.Ferrini, D.Pozzati, A.Di Pasquale, G.Jaffe, A. S.M.Z. Sacco Heart Foundation; the Cardiology Division, Bentivoglio Hospital, Bentivoglio, Forli, Italy. ottanif@amf.dsnet.itElevated cardiac troponin levels predict the risk of adverse outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromesAm Heart JAm Heart J917-271406Angina, Unstable/*blood/mortality/physiopathologyBiological Markers/bloodDeath, Sudden, CardiacHumansMyocardial Infarction/*blood/mortality/physiopathologyPrognosisRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexSurvival RateTroponin I/*bloodTroponin T/*blood2000Dec11099996http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11099996 [34]cTnTCardiac death, non-fatal MIAbove 0.1-0.25 (g/LRR2.7 2.1 - 3.4n.a.12n.a.Regressionn.a.Unstable angina pectoris patientsno30 days median ADDIN EN.CITE Olatidoye1998616117Olatidoye, A. G.Wu, A. H.Feng, Y. J.Waters, D.Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Hartford Hospital, Connecticut, USA.Prognostic role of troponin T versus troponin I in unstable angina pectoris for cardiac events with meta-analysis comparing published studiesAm J CardiolAm J Cardiol1405-108112AgedAngina, Unstable/*blood/*complicationsBiological Markers/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/*diagnosisOdds RatioPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesRiskTroponin/*bloodTroponin I/*bloodTroponin T1998Jun 159645888http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9645888 [39]cTnT + cTnIMI, deathcTnT above 0.1-0.2 ng/mL, cTnI above unknown levelOR2.52.0 - 3.1241 cases10n.a.Random effects modelnoACS, non-ST elevated patientsno1- 147 weeks ADDIN EN.CITE Heidenreich2001626217Heidenreich, P. A.Alloggiamento, T.Melsop, K.McDonald, K. M.Go, A. S.Hlatky, M. A.Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, California 94304, USA. heiden@stanford.eduThe prognostic value of troponin in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysisJ Am Coll CardiolJ Am Coll Cardiol478-85382AgedAngina, Unstable/blood/mortalityBiological Markers/bloodClinical Trials as TopicCohort StudiesElectrocardiographyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/blood/*mortalityMyocardial Ischemia/blood/*mortalityPrognosisSyndromeTroponin I/*bloodTroponin T/*blood2001Aug11499741http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11499741 [40]cTnT + cTnIMIAbove 0.1-1.5 ng/mlOR2.271.62 - 3.162,401 total3n.a.Regressionn.a.Patients undergoing PCIno1.5 - 68 months ADDIN EN.CITE Wu2002636317Wu, A. H.Boden, W. E.McKay, R. G.Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hartford, Connecticut 06102, USA. awu@harthosp.orgLong-term follow-up of patients with increased cardiac troponin concentrations following percutaneous coronary interventionAm J CardiolAm J Cardiol1300-28911Aged*Angioplasty, Balloon, CoronaryCoronary Artery BypassCoronary Disease/*blood/mortality/therapyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/surgeryPrognosisTroponin/*blood2002Jun 112031733http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12031733 [41]cTnIDeath, nSTEMI Above 2.3-0.026 ng/mLOR1.77 1.36 - 2.301,174 cases16noRandom effects modeln.a.Post elective PCI patientsno3 - 50 months ADDIN EN.CITE Feldman646417Feldman, D. N.Kim, L.Rene, A. G.Minutello, R. M.Bergman, G.Wong, S. C.Greenberg Division of Cardiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA. dnf9001@med.cornell.eduPrognostic value of cardiac troponin-I or troponin-T elevation following nonemergent percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysisCatheter Cardiovasc IntervCatheter Cardiovasc Interv1020-30777*Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/adverse effects/instrumentation/mortalityBiological Markers/bloodEvidence-Based MedicineFemaleHumansMaleMyocardial Infarction/*blood/etiology/mortalityOdds RatioPredictive Value of TestsRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStentsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeTroponin I/*bloodTroponin T/*bloodUp-RegulationJun 121574239http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21574239 [42]cTnTDeath, nSTEMI Above 0.1-0.03 ng/mlOR1.77 1.29 - 2.45293 cases6noRandom effects modeln.a.Post elective PCI patientsno6 - 67 months ADDIN EN.CITE Feldman646417Feldman, D. N.Kim, L.Rene, A. G.Minutello, R. M.Bergman, G.Wong, S. C.Greenberg Division of Cardiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA. dnf9001@med.cornell.eduPrognostic value of cardiac troponin-I or troponin-T elevation following nonemergent percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysisCatheter Cardiovasc IntervCatheter Cardiovasc Interv1020-30777*Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/adverse effects/instrumentation/mortalityBiological Markers/bloodEvidence-Based MedicineFemaleHumansMaleMyocardial Infarction/*blood/etiology/mortalityOdds RatioPredictive Value of TestsRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStentsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeTroponin I/*bloodTroponin T/*bloodUp-RegulationJun 121574239http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21574239 [42]cTnT + cTnIMI, deathcTnT above 0.03-0.1 ng/mL, cTnI above 2.3-0.08 ng/mLOR1.59 1.29 - 1.956,885 total15n.a.Fixed effects modeln.a.Post elective PCI patientsno3 - 67 months ADDIN EN.CITE Nienhuis2008656517Nienhuis, M. B.Ottervanger, J. P.Bilo, H. J.Dikkeschei, B. D.Zijlstra, F.Department of Cardiology, Isala klinieken, Zwolle, The Netherlands.Prognostic value of troponin after elective percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysisCatheter Cardiovasc IntervCatheter Cardiovasc Interv318-24713AdultAgedAngioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/*methods/mortalityBiological Markers/bloodCohort StudiesCoronary AngiographyCoronary Stenosis/*enzymology/*mortality/radiography/therapyCreatine Kinase, MB Form/*blood/metabolismEvaluation Studies as TopicFemaleHumansMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentSensitivity and SpecificitySeverity of Illness IndexSurvival AnalysisTreatment OutcomeTroponin T/*blood/metabolism2008Feb 1518288753http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18288753 [43]cTnT + cTnIDeath, MI, revascularization, anginaAbove 0.1-1.5 ng/mlOR1.030.84 - 1.261,831 cases7n.a.Regressionn.a.Patients undergoing PCIno1.5 - 77 months ADDIN EN.CITE Wu2002636317Wu, A. H.Boden, W. E.McKay, R. G.Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hartford, Connecticut 06102, USA. awu@harthosp.orgLong-term follow-up of patients with increased cardiac troponin concentrations following percutaneous coronary interventionAm J CardiolAm J Cardiol1300-28911Aged*Angioplasty, Balloon, CoronaryCoronary Artery BypassCoronary Disease/*blood/mortality/therapyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/surgeryPrognosisTroponin/*blood2002Jun 112031733http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12031733 [41]Kidney functionSerum creatine (eGFR)CVD deathReference value vs 15-29ml/min/1.73m2HR3.983.02 - 5.24266,975 total6n.a.Random effects modelyesHypertension, pre-exist CVD, diabetesno4.1 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE van der Velde121217van der Velde, M.Matsushita, K.Coresh, J.Astor, B. C.Woodward, M.Levey, A.de Jong, P.Gansevoort, R. T.van der Velde, M.Matsushita, K.Coresh, J.Astor, B. C.Woodward, M.Levey, A. S.de Jong, P. E.Gansevoort, R. T.Levey, A.El-Nahas, M.Eckardt, K. U.Kasiske, B. L.Ninomiya, T.Chalmers, J.Macmahon, S.Tonelli, M.Hemmelgarn, B.Sacks, F.Curhan, G.Collins, A. J.Li, S.Chen, S. C.Hawaii Cohort, K. P.Lee, B. J.Ishani, A.Neaton, J.Svendsen, K.Mann, J. F.Yusuf, S.Teo, K. K.Gao, P.Nelson, R. G.Knowler, W. C.Bilo, H. J.Joosten, H.Kleefstra, N.Groenier, K. H.Auguste, P.Veldhuis, K.Wang, Y.Camarata, L.Thomas, B.Manley, T.Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher albuminuria are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A collaborative meta-analysis of high-risk population cohortsKidney IntKidney Int1341-527912AdultAgedAlbuminuria/diagnosis/etiology/*mortality/physiopathologyBiological Markers/blood/urineCardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis/etiology/*mortalityCause of DeathChi-Square DistributionCohort StudiesCreatine/bloodDisease ProgressionFemale*Glomerular Filtration RateHumansKidney/*physiopathologyKidney Diseases/complications/diagnosis/*mortality/physiopathologyMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsJun21307840http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21307840 [44]Cystatin CCVDTop vs bottom quintileRR2.622.05 - 3.372,321 cases13yesRandom effects modelyesHigh CVD risk population, elderly, CVD patientsno1 - 12.8 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Lee131317Lee, M.Saver, J. L.Huang, W. H.Chow, J.Chang, K. H.Ovbiagele, B.Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.Impact of elevated cystatin C level on cardiovascular disease risk in predominantly high cardiovascular risk populations: a meta-analysisCirc Cardiovasc Qual OutcomesCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes675-8336AgedBiological Markers/*metabolismCoronary Disease/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathologyCystatin C/*metabolismDisease ProgressionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansKidney Failure, Chronic/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathologyMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRiskSeverity of Illness IndexStroke/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathologyNov20923994http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20923994 [45]Serum creatine (eGFR)CVD deathReference value vs 30-44ml/min/1.73m2HR2.502.10 - 2.97266,975 total6n.a.Random effects modelyesHigh risk CKD (hypertension, pre-exist CVD, diabetes)no4.1 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE van der Velde121217van der Velde, M.Matsushita, K.Coresh, J.Astor, B. C.Woodward, M.Levey, A.de Jong, P.Gansevoort, R. T.van der Velde, M.Matsushita, K.Coresh, J.Astor, B. C.Woodward, M.Levey, A. S.de Jong, P. E.Gansevoort, R. T.Levey, A.El-Nahas, M.Eckardt, K. U.Kasiske, B. L.Ninomiya, T.Chalmers, J.Macmahon, S.Tonelli, M.Hemmelgarn, B.Sacks, F.Curhan, G.Collins, A. J.Li, S.Chen, S. C.Hawaii Cohort, K. P.Lee, B. J.Ishani, A.Neaton, J.Svendsen, K.Mann, J. F.Yusuf, S.Teo, K. K.Gao, P.Nelson, R. G.Knowler, W. C.Bilo, H. J.Joosten, H.Kleefstra, N.Groenier, K. H.Auguste, P.Veldhuis, K.Wang, Y.Camarata, L.Thomas, B.Manley, T.Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher albuminuria are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A collaborative meta-analysis of high-risk population cohortsKidney IntKidney Int1341-527912AdultAgedAlbuminuria/diagnosis/etiology/*mortality/physiopathologyBiological Markers/blood/urineCardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis/etiology/*mortalityCause of DeathChi-Square DistributionCohort StudiesCreatine/bloodDisease ProgressionFemale*Glomerular Filtration RateHumansKidney/*physiopathologyKidney Diseases/complications/diagnosis/*mortality/physiopathologyMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsJun21307840http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21307840 [44]Cystatin CCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR1.721.27 - 2.34741 cases4yesRandom effects modelyesHigh CVD risk population, elderly, CVD patientsno3 - 7.4 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Lee131317Lee, M.Saver, J. L.Huang, W. H.Chow, J.Chang, K. H.Ovbiagele, B.Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.Impact of elevated cystatin C level on cardiovascular disease risk in predominantly high cardiovascular risk populations: a meta-analysisCirc Cardiovasc Qual OutcomesCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes675-8336AgedBiological Markers/*metabolismCoronary Disease/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathologyCystatin C/*metabolismDisease ProgressionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansKidney Failure, Chronic/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathologyMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRiskSeverity of Illness IndexStroke/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathologyNov20923994http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20923994 [45]Serum creatine (eGFR)CVD deathReference value vs 45-59ml/min/1.73m2HR1.631.22 - 2.18266,975 total6n.a.Random effects modelyesHigh risk CKD (hypertension, pre-exist CVD, diabetes)no4.1 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE van der Velde121217van der Velde, M.Matsushita, K.Coresh, J.Astor, B. C.Woodward, M.Levey, A.de Jong, P.Gansevoort, R. T.van der Velde, M.Matsushita, K.Coresh, J.Astor, B. C.Woodward, M.Levey, A. S.de Jong, P. E.Gansevoort, R. T.Levey, A.El-Nahas, M.Eckardt, K. U.Kasiske, B. L.Ninomiya, T.Chalmers, J.Macmahon, S.Tonelli, M.Hemmelgarn, B.Sacks, F.Curhan, G.Collins, A. J.Li, S.Chen, S. C.Hawaii Cohort, K. P.Lee, B. J.Ishani, A.Neaton, J.Svendsen, K.Mann, J. F.Yusuf, S.Teo, K. K.Gao, P.Nelson, R. G.Knowler, W. C.Bilo, H. J.Joosten, H.Kleefstra, N.Groenier, K. H.Auguste, P.Veldhuis, K.Wang, Y.Camarata, L.Thomas, B.Manley, T.Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher albuminuria are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A collaborative meta-analysis of high-risk population cohortsKidney IntKidney Int1341-527912AdultAgedAlbuminuria/diagnosis/etiology/*mortality/physiopathologyBiological Markers/blood/urineCardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis/etiology/*mortalityCause of DeathChi-Square DistributionCohort StudiesCreatine/bloodDisease ProgressionFemale*Glomerular Filtration RateHumansKidney/*physiopathologyKidney Diseases/complications/diagnosis/*mortality/physiopathologyMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsJun21307840http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21307840 [44]Serum creatine (eGFR)CVD deathReference value vs 60-74ml/min/1.73m2HR1.010.80 - 1.28266,975 total6n.a.Random effects modelyesHigh risk CKD (hypertension, pre-exist CVD, diabetes)no4.1 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE van der Velde121217van der Velde, M.Matsushita, K.Coresh, J.Astor, B. C.Woodward, M.Levey, A.de Jong, P.Gansevoort, R. T.van der Velde, M.Matsushita, K.Coresh, J.Astor, B. C.Woodward, M.Levey, A. S.de Jong, P. E.Gansevoort, R. T.Levey, A.El-Nahas, M.Eckardt, K. U.Kasiske, B. L.Ninomiya, T.Chalmers, J.Macmahon, S.Tonelli, M.Hemmelgarn, B.Sacks, F.Curhan, G.Collins, A. J.Li, S.Chen, S. C.Hawaii Cohort, K. P.Lee, B. J.Ishani, A.Neaton, J.Svendsen, K.Mann, J. F.Yusuf, S.Teo, K. K.Gao, P.Nelson, R. G.Knowler, W. C.Bilo, H. J.Joosten, H.Kleefstra, N.Groenier, K. H.Auguste, P.Veldhuis, K.Wang, Y.Camarata, L.Thomas, B.Manley, T.Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher albuminuria are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A collaborative meta-analysis of high-risk population cohortsKidney IntKidney Int1341-527912AdultAgedAlbuminuria/diagnosis/etiology/*mortality/physiopathologyBiological Markers/blood/urineCardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis/etiology/*mortalityCause of DeathChi-Square DistributionCohort StudiesCreatine/bloodDisease ProgressionFemale*Glomerular Filtration RateHumansKidney/*physiopathologyKidney Diseases/complications/diagnosis/*mortality/physiopathologyMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsJun21307840http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21307840 [44]Serum creatine (eGFR)CVD deathReference value vs 75-89ml/min/1.73m2HR0.980.85 - 1.13266,975 total6n.a.Random effects modelyesHigh risk CKD (hypertension, pre-exist CVD, diabetes)no4.1 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE van der Velde121217van der Velde, M.Matsushita, K.Coresh, J.Astor, B. C.Woodward, M.Levey, A.de Jong, P.Gansevoort, R. T.van der Velde, M.Matsushita, K.Coresh, J.Astor, B. C.Woodward, M.Levey, A. S.de Jong, P. E.Gansevoort, R. T.Levey, A.El-Nahas, M.Eckardt, K. U.Kasiske, B. L.Ninomiya, T.Chalmers, J.Macmahon, S.Tonelli, M.Hemmelgarn, B.Sacks, F.Curhan, G.Collins, A. J.Li, S.Chen, S. C.Hawaii Cohort, K. P.Lee, B. J.Ishani, A.Neaton, J.Svendsen, K.Mann, J. F.Yusuf, S.Teo, K. K.Gao, P.Nelson, R. G.Knowler, W. C.Bilo, H. J.Joosten, H.Kleefstra, N.Groenier, K. H.Auguste, P.Veldhuis, K.Wang, Y.Camarata, L.Thomas, B.Manley, T.Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher albuminuria are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A collaborative meta-analysis of high-risk population cohortsKidney IntKidney Int1341-527912AdultAgedAlbuminuria/diagnosis/etiology/*mortality/physiopathologyBiological Markers/blood/urineCardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis/etiology/*mortalityCause of DeathChi-Square DistributionCohort StudiesCreatine/bloodDisease ProgressionFemale*Glomerular Filtration RateHumansKidney/*physiopathologyKidney Diseases/complications/diagnosis/*mortality/physiopathologyMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsJun21307840http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21307840 [44]LipidsLipoprotein(a)CHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileRR1.31.1 - 1.61,392 cases9noInverse variance weighted meanyesPre-existing CHDno> 1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2000666617Danesh, J.Collins, R.Peto, R.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK.Lipoprotein(a) and coronary heart disease. Meta-analysis of prospective studiesCirculationCirculation1082-510210AgedCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipoprotein(a)/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2000Sep 510973834http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10973834 [46]Lp-PLA2Vascular death1 SD increaseRR1.100.98 - 1.25186 cases5n.a.Random effects modelyesIschemic event patientsno1.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Thompson676717Thompson, A.Gao, P.Orfei, L.Watson, S.Di Angelantonio, E.Kaptoge, S.Ballantyne, C.Cannon, C. P.Criqui, M.Cushman, M.Hofman, A.Packard, C.Thompson, S. G.Collins, R.Danesh, J.Lp-PLA2 Studies Collaboration Coordinating Centre, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) and risk of coronary disease, stroke, and mortality: collaborative analysis of 32 prospective studiesLancetLancet1536-4437597251-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase/*bloodBlood PressureCoronary Disease/*blood/*mortalityFemaleHumansLinear ModelsLipids/bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStroke/*bloodSystoleMay 120435228http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20435228 [47]Lp-PLA2CHD1 SD increaseRR1.010.92 - 1.11708 cases6n.a.Random effects modelyesIschemic event patientsno1.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Thompson676717Thompson, A.Gao, P.Orfei, L.Watson, S.Di Angelantonio, E.Kaptoge, S.Ballantyne, C.Cannon, C. P.Criqui, M.Cushman, M.Hofman, A.Packard, C.Thompson, S. G.Collins, R.Danesh, J.Lp-PLA2 Studies Collaboration Coordinating Centre, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) and risk of coronary disease, stroke, and mortality: collaborative analysis of 32 prospective studiesLancetLancet1536-4437597251-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase/*bloodBlood PressureCoronary Disease/*blood/*mortalityFemaleHumansLinear ModelsLipids/bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStroke/*bloodSystoleMay 120435228http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20435228 [47]MiscellaneousHematocritCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileRR1.81 1.19 - 2.761,162 cases3noInverse variance weighted meanyesPre-existing CVDno16 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2000686817Danesh, J.Collins, R.Peto, R.Lowe, G. D.Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, UK.Haematocrit, viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate: meta-analyses of prospective studies of coronary heart diseaseEur Heart JEur Heart J515-20217Blood Sedimentation*Blood ViscosityCoronary Disease/epidemiology/*physiopathologyHematocritHumansProspective StudiesRisk Factors2000Apr10775006http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10775006 [48]
Table S3. Meta-analyses of cohorts without pre-existing cardiovascular disease on markers for stroke.
MarkerOutcomeRisk Applies ToRiskResults95% ciN PatientsN CohortsHet.Pooling MethodAdj.Patient groupIPDFollow-up PeriodPublicationHemostasisFibrinogenIschemic Stroke1 g/L increaseHR1.751.55 - 1.982,775 cases31yesCox regressionyesNo pre-existing CHDyes> 1yr ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh20054417Danesh, J.Lewington, S.Thompson, S. G.Lowe, G. D.Collins, R.Kostis, J. B.Wilson, A. C.Folsom, A. R.Wu, K.Benderly, M.Goldbourt, U.Willeit, J.Kiechl, S.Yarnell, J. W.Sweetnam, P. M.Elwood, P. C.Cushman, M.Psaty, B. M.Tracy, R. P.Tybjaerg-Hansen, A.Haverkate, F.de Maat, M. P.Fowkes, F. G.Lee, A. J.Smith, F. B.Salomaa, V.Harald, K.Rasi, R.Vahtera, E.Jousilahti, P.Pekkanen, J.D'Agostino, R.Kannel, W. B.Wilson, P. W.Tofler, G.Arocha-Pinango, C. L.Rodriguez-Larralde, A.Nagy, E.Mijares, M.Espinosa, R.Rodriquez-Roa, E.Ryder, E.Diez-Ewald, M. P.Campos, G.Fernandez, V.Torres, E.Marchioli, R.Valagussa, F.Rosengren, A.Wilhelmsen, L.Lappas, G.Eriksson, H.Cremer, P.Nagel, D.Curb, J. D.Rodriguez, B.Yano, K.Salonen, J. T.Nyyssonen, K.Tuomainen, T. P.Hedblad, B.Lind, P.Loewel, H.Koenig, W.Meade, T. W.Cooper, J. A.De Stavola, B.Knottenbelt, C.Miller, G. J.Cooper, J. A.Bauer, K. A.Rosenberg, R. D.Sato, S.Kitamura, A.Naito, Y.Palosuo, T.Ducimetiere, P.Amouyel, P.Arveiler, D.Evans, A. E.Ferrieres, J.Juhan-Vague, I.Bingham, A.Schulte, H.Assmann, G.Cantin, B.Lamarche, B.Despres, J. P.Dagenais, G. R.Tunstall-Pedoe, H.Woodward, M.Ben-Shlomo, Y.Davey Smith, G.Palmieri, V.Yeh, J. L.Rudnicka, A.Ridker, P.Rodeghiero, F.Tosetto, A.Shepherd, J.Ford, I.Robertson, M.Brunner, E.Shipley, M.Feskens, E. J.Kromhout, D.Dickinson, A.Ireland, B.Juzwishin, K.Kaptoge, S.Lewington, S.Memon, A.Sarwar, N.Walker, M.Wheeler, J.White, I.Wood, A.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England. john.danesh@phpc.cam.ac.ukPlasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and nonvascular mortality: an individual participant meta-analysisJamaJama1799-80929414AdultAged*Cause of DeathCoronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyFibrinogen/*metabolismHumansMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/blood/epidemiologyProportional Hazards ModelsRiskStroke/blood/*epidemiologyVascular Diseases/blood/epidemiology2005Oct 1216219884http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16219884 [4]InflammationCRPIschemic strokePer 1 SD increaseRR1.27 1.15 - 1.401,931 cases15noRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVDyes> 1yr ADDIN EN.CITE Kaptoge383817Kaptoge, S.Di Angelantonio, E.Lowe, G.Pepys, M. B.Thompson, S. G.Collins, R.Danesh, J.Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration Coordinating Centre, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality: an individual participant meta-analysisLancetLancet132-403759709Alcohol Drinking/blood/epidemiologyBiological Markers/bloodBlood PressureBody Mass IndexC-Reactive Protein/*analysisCholesterol/bloodCoronary Disease/*blood/mortality/prevention & controlDatabases, FactualDiabetes Mellitus/blood/epidemiologyFemaleFibrinogen/analysisHumansInterleukin-6/bloodLeukocyte CountLung Diseases/blood/mortalityMaleMiddle AgedMotor ActivityNeoplasms/blood/mortalityRegression Analysis*Risk AssessmentRisk FactorsSerum AlbuminSex FactorsSmoking/blood/epidemiologyStroke/*blood/mortality/prevention & controlTriglycerides/bloodJan 920031199http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20031199 [10]Kidney functionSerum uric acidStrokeAbove unknown levelRR1.471.19 - 1.761,031 cases4noRandom effects modelyesNo previous strokeno7.2 - 12.6 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Kim2009151517Kim, S. Y.Guevara, J. P.Kim, K. M.Choi, H. K.Heitjan, D. F.Albert, D. A.University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. seo.kim@uphs.upenn.eduHyperuricemia and risk of stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysisArthritis RheumArthritis Rheum885-92617AdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHumansHyperuricemia/blood/*complications/mortalityIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsStroke/*epidemiologyUric Acid/bloodYoung Adult2009Jul 1519565556http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19565556 [49]Serum uric acidStroke deathAbove unknown levelRR1.261.12 - 1.392,059 cases 6noRandom effects modelyesNo previous strokeno12.4 - 23 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Kim2009151517Kim, S. Y.Guevara, J. P.Kim, K. M.Choi, H. K.Heitjan, D. F.Albert, D. A.University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. seo.kim@uphs.upenn.eduHyperuricemia and risk of stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysisArthritis RheumArthritis Rheum885-92617AdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHumansHyperuricemia/blood/*complications/mortalityIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsStroke/*epidemiologyUric Acid/bloodYoung Adult2009Jul 1519565556http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19565556 [49]LipidsApoBIschemic stroke29 mg/dL increaseHR1.19 1.05 - 1.341,192 cases8yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]non-HDL cholesterol/ HDLIschemic stroke1.53 unit increaseHR1.141.05 - 1.241,192 cases8yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]ApoB/ApoAI ratioIschemic stroke0.27 unit increaseHR1.131.05 - 1.211,192 cases8yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]Cholesterolischemic stroke1 mmol/L decreaseHR1.090.95 - 1.26225 cases61yesCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD, age 80-89yes13 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]Lipoprotein(a)Ischemic stroke1 SD increaseRR1.081.01 - 1.1669,539 total13noFixed effects modelyesNo pre-existing CHDno>1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Erqou2009464617Erqou, S.Kaptoge, S.Perry, P. L.Di Angelantonio, E.Thompson, A.White, I. R.Marcovina, S. M.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Lipoprotein(a) concentration and the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and nonvascular mortalityJamaJama412-233024Cause of DeathCoronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyHumansLipoprotein(a)/*bloodRisk FactorsStroke/*blood/*epidemiology2009Jul 2219622820http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19622820 [20]non-HDL cholesterolIschemic stroke43 mg/dL increase HR1.080.97 - 1.202,534 cases68yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]CholesterolIschemic stroke1 mmol/L decreaseHR1.060.95 - 1.17540 cases61yesCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD, age 70-79yes13 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]TriglyceridesIschemic strokePer 68% increase HR1.020.94 - 1.112,534 cases68yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]ApoAIIschemic stroke29 mg/dL increaseHR0.97 0.88 - 1.081,192 cases8yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]HDLIschemic stroke15 mg/dL increase HR0.96 0.90 - 1.022,534 cases68yesRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing vascular diseaseyes8.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009434317Di Angelantonio, E.Sarwar, N.Perry, P.Kaptoge, S.Ray, K. K.Thompson, A.Wood, A. M.Lewington, S.Sattar, N.Packard, C. J.Collins, R.Thompson, S. G.Danesh, J.Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular diseaseJamaJama1993-200030218Apolipoproteins/bloodCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipids/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsStroke/blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/bloodVascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology2009Nov 1119903920http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19903920 [17]CholesterolIschemic stroke1 mmol/L decreaseHR0.89 0.79 - 1.01850 cases61yesCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD, age 60-69 yes13 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]CholesterolIschemic stroke1 mmol/L decreaseHR0.730.61 - 0.87225 cases61yesCox regressionnoNo pre-existing CVD, age 40-59 yes13 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lewington20077717Lewington, S.Whitlock, G.Clarke, R.Sherliker, P.Emberson, J.Halsey, J.Qizilbash, N.Peto, R.Collins, R.CTSU, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deathsLancetLancet1829-393709602AdultAge DistributionAgedAged, 80 and over*Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterol/*bloodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex DistributionSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Diseases/etiology/*mortality2007Dec 118061058http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18061058 [15]MiscellaneousHomocysteineIschemic strokeHomocysteine levels increaseRR1.370.99 - 1.91314 cases3noFixed effects modelyesNo pre-existing cerebrovascular diseaseno5 -12.8 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Bautista2002474717Bautista, L. E.Arenas, I. A.Penuela, A.Martinez, L. X.Uniformed Services University of the Health Science, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Room A1039, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA. lbautista@usuhs.milTotal plasma homocysteine level and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studiesJ Clin EpidemiolJ Clin Epidemiol882-7559Cardiovascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiologyHomocysteine/*bloodHumansRisk Factors2002Sep12393075http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12393075 [21]HomocysteineStroke25% lower usual homocysteine levelOR0.81 0.69 - 0.95435 cases9noRegressionyesNo pre-existing cerebrovascular diseaseyesn.a. ADDIN EN.CITE 2002505017Homocysteine and risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke: a meta-analysisJamaJama2015-2228816AdultAgedCardiovascular Diseases/blood/epidemiologyFemaleHomocysteine/*bloodHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Ischemia/*blood/epidemiologyProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsStroke/*blood/epidemiology2002Oct 23-3012387654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12387654 [24]
Table S4. Meta-analyses of cohorts with pre-existing cardiovascular disease for stroke.
MarkerOutcomeRisk Applies ToRiskResults95% ciN PatientsN CohortsHet.Pooling MethodAdj.Patient groupIPDFollow-up PeriodPublicationHemostasisFibrinogenIschemic StrokeAbove median fibrinogen levels (per study)HR1.211.01 - 1.44512 cases3noCox regressionyesTIA or ischemic stroke patientsyes2.6 - 10 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Rothwell2004525217Rothwell, P. M.Howard, S. C.Power, D. A.Gutnikov, S. A.Algra, A.van Gijn, J.Clark, T. G.Murphy, M. F.Warlow, C. P.Stroke Prevention Research Unit, University of Oxford, UK. peter.rothwell@clneuro.ox.ac.ukFibrinogen concentration and risk of ischemic stroke and acute coronary events in 5113 patients with transient ischemic attack and minor ischemic strokeStrokeStroke2300-53510AgedFemaleFibrinogen/*analysisHumansIschemic Attack, Transient/*bloodMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/*bloodProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsStroke/*blood2004Oct15345800http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15345800 [27]LipidsLp-PLA2Stroke1 SD increaseRR1.020.82 - 1.27111 cases4n.a.Random effects modelyesIschemic event patientsno1.1 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Thompson676717Thompson, A.Gao, P.Orfei, L.Watson, S.Di Angelantonio, E.Kaptoge, S.Ballantyne, C.Cannon, C. P.Criqui, M.Cushman, M.Hofman, A.Packard, C.Thompson, S. G.Collins, R.Danesh, J.Lp-PLA2 Studies Collaboration Coordinating Centre, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) and risk of coronary disease, stroke, and mortality: collaborative analysis of 32 prospective studiesLancetLancet1536-4437597251-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase/*bloodBlood PressureCoronary Disease/*blood/*mortalityFemaleHumansLinear ModelsLipids/bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStroke/*bloodSystoleMay 120435228http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20435228 [47]
Table S5. Meta-analyses of cohorts representing the general population on markers for cardiovascular disease.
MarkerOutcomeRisk Applies ToRiskResults95% ciN PatientsN CohortsHet.Pooling methodAdj.Patient groupIPDFollow-up periodPublicationDiabetes relatedInsulin fastingCVD deathTop vs bottom quantileHR2.661.45 - 4.9068 cases7noFixed effects modelyesPopulation based, no diabetes, women Europeyes6.3 - 11.8 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Hu2004717117Hu, G.Qiao, Q.Tuomilehto, J.Eliasson, M.Feskens, E. J.Pyorala, K.Plasma insulin and cardiovascular mortality in non-diabetic European men and women: a meta-analysis of data from eleven prospective studiesDiabetologiaDiabetologia1245-56477AdultAgedAged, 80 and overCardiovascular Diseases/*mortalityEurope/epidemiologyFemaleHumansInsulin/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective Studies2004Jul15241592http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15241592 [50]Pro-insulinCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR2.231.65 - 3.00413 cases3noFixed effects modelyesPopulation basedno9.5 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Sarwar2007727217Sarwar, N.Sattar, N.Gudnason, V.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Circulating concentrations of insulin markers and coronary heart disease: a quantitative review of 19 Western prospective studiesEur Heart JEur Heart J2491-72820Biological Markers/bloodCoronary Disease/*bloodFasting/bloodHumansInsulin/*bloodProspective StudiesRisk FactorsStatistics as Topic2007Oct17513304http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17513304 [51]Insulin fastingCVD deathTop vs bottom quantileHR1.541.16 - 2.03362 cases10noFixed effects modelyesPopulation based, no diabetes, men Europeyes4.7 - 12 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Hu2004717117Hu, G.Qiao, Q.Tuomilehto, J.Eliasson, M.Feskens, E. J.Pyorala, K.Plasma insulin and cardiovascular mortality in non-diabetic European men and women: a meta-analysis of data from eleven prospective studiesDiabetologiaDiabetologia1245-56477AdultAgedAged, 80 and overCardiovascular Diseases/*mortalityEurope/epidemiologyFemaleHumansInsulin/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective Studies2004Jul15241592http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15241592 [50]Insulin post glucose loadCVD deathTop vs bottom quartileHR1.360.53 - 3.4533 cases7noFixed effects modelyesPopulation based, no diabetes, women Europeyes6.3 - 11.8 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Hu2004717117Hu, G.Qiao, Q.Tuomilehto, J.Eliasson, M.Feskens, E. J.Pyorala, K.Plasma insulin and cardiovascular mortality in non-diabetic European men and women: a meta-analysis of data from eleven prospective studiesDiabetologiaDiabetologia1245-56477AdultAgedAged, 80 and overCardiovascular Diseases/*mortalityEurope/epidemiologyFemaleHumansInsulin/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective Studies2004Jul15241592http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15241592 [50]Insulin non-fastingCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.351.14 - 1.601,980 cases8noFixed effects modelyesPopulation basedno13.7 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Sarwar2007727217Sarwar, N.Sattar, N.Gudnason, V.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Circulating concentrations of insulin markers and coronary heart disease: a quantitative review of 19 Western prospective studiesEur Heart JEur Heart J2491-72820Biological Markers/bloodCoronary Disease/*bloodFasting/bloodHumansInsulin/*bloodProspective StudiesRisk FactorsStatistics as Topic2007Oct17513304http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17513304 [51]Insulin non-fatingCHD death, MI, HF250 pmol/L increaseRR1.251.03 - 1.51907 cases17yesRandom effects modelyesGeneral populationno3.5 - 17 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ruige1998737317Ruige, J. B.Assendelft, W. J.Dekker, J. M.Kostense, P. J.Heine, R. J.Bouter, L. M.Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine and Endocrinology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. jb.ruige.emgo@med.vu.nlInsulin and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysisCirculationCirculation996-10019710AgedCardiovascular Diseases/*etiology/physiopathologyFemaleHumansHyperinsulinism/*complications/physiopathologyMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisRisk1998Mar 179529268http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9529268 [52]Insulin fastingCHD death, MI, HF50 pmol/L increaseRR1.17 1.09 - 1.26731 cases17noFixed effects modelyesGeneral populationno3.5 - 17 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ruige1998737317Ruige, J. B.Assendelft, W. J.Dekker, J. M.Kostense, P. J.Heine, R. J.Bouter, L. M.Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine and Endocrinology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. jb.ruige.emgo@med.vu.nlInsulin and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysisCirculationCirculation996-10019710AgedCardiovascular Diseases/*etiology/physiopathologyFemaleHumansHyperinsulinism/*complications/physiopathologyMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisRisk1998Mar 179529268http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9529268 [52]Insulin fastingCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.120.98 - 1.282,649 cases14yesFixed effects modelyesPopulation basedno9.1 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Sarwar2007727217Sarwar, N.Sattar, N.Gudnason, V.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Circulating concentrations of insulin markers and coronary heart disease: a quantitative review of 19 Western prospective studiesEur Heart JEur Heart J2491-72820Biological Markers/bloodCoronary Disease/*bloodFasting/bloodHumansInsulin/*bloodProspective StudiesRisk FactorsStatistics as Topic2007Oct17513304http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17513304 [51]Insulin post glucose loadCVD deathTop vs bottom quartileHR0.850.60 - 1.21295 cases10noFixed effects modelyesPopulation based, no diabetes, men Europeyes4.7 - 12 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Hu2004717117Hu, G.Qiao, Q.Tuomilehto, J.Eliasson, M.Feskens, E. J.Pyorala, K.Plasma insulin and cardiovascular mortality in non-diabetic European men and women: a meta-analysis of data from eleven prospective studiesDiabetologiaDiabetologia1245-56477AdultAgedAged, 80 and overCardiovascular Diseases/*mortalityEurope/epidemiologyFemaleHumansInsulin/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective Studies2004Jul15241592http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15241592 [50]HemostasisFibrinogenCVDTop vs bottom tertileOR2.46 2.22 - 2.721,910 cases8noInverse variance weighted meannoGeneral population no0.5 - 13.5 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Maresca1999747417Maresca, G.Di Blasio, A.Marchioli, R.Di Minno, G.Clinica Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Ateneo "Federico II" Napoli.Measuring plasma fibrinogen to predict stroke and myocardial infarction: an updateArterioscler Thromb Vasc BiolArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol1368-77196Cerebrovascular Disorders/blood/*etiologyFibrinogen/*analysisHumansMyocardial Infarction/blood/*etiologyRisk Factors1999Jun10364066http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10364066 [53]FibrinogenCVDTop vs bottom tertileOR2.31.9 - 2.815,688 total6n.a.Fixed effects modelyesGeneral population, men mainlyno(2yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ernst1993757517Ernst, E.Resch, K. L.University of Vienna, Austria.Fibrinogen as a cardiovascular risk factor: a meta-analysis and review of the literatureAnn Intern MedAnn Intern Med956-6311812Cardiovascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiologyCausalityFibrinogen/*metabolismHumansProspective StudiesRisk Factors1993Jun 158489110http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=8489110 [54]Tissue plasminogen activatorCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.471.19 - 1.811,669 cases7yesInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation basedno8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lowe2004535317Lowe, G. D.Danesh, J.Lewington, S.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Rumley, A.Whincup, P. H.University Department of Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK. gdl1j@clinmed.gla.ac.ukTissue plasminogen activator antigen and coronary heart disease. Prospective study and meta-analysisEur Heart JEur Heart J252-9253AdultAntigens/*bloodCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/blood/*immunologyHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsTissue Plasminogen Activator/*immunology2004Feb14972427http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=14972427 [28]Von Willebrand FactorCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.2 0.8 - 1.9899 cases6noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation basedno7 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Whincup2002515117Whincup, P. H.Danesh, J.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Appleby, P.Rumley, A.Lowe, G. D.Department of Public Health Sciences, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.von Willebrand factor and coronary heart disease: prospective study and meta-analysisEur Heart JEur Heart J1764-702322AdultAntigens/*analysisBiological Markers/bloodCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*blood/drug therapy/etiologyHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factorsvon Willebrand Factor/immunology2002Nov12419296http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12419296 [26]Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1CHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR0.980.53 - 1.81833 cases5noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation basedno5 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Lowe2004535317Lowe, G. D.Danesh, J.Lewington, S.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Rumley, A.Whincup, P. H.University Department of Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK. gdl1j@clinmed.gla.ac.ukTissue plasminogen activator antigen and coronary heart disease. Prospective study and meta-analysisEur Heart JEur Heart J252-9253AdultAntigens/*bloodCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/blood/*immunologyHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsTissue Plasminogen Activator/*immunology2004Feb14972427http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=14972427 [28]HormonesThyroid stimulating hormoneIHDBelow: 0.1 0.6 (unit n.a.) OR1.270.95 - 1.699,627 total5yesRandom effects modelyesPopulation basedno4 -20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Razvi2008767617Razvi, S.Shakoor, A.Vanderpump, M.Weaver, J. U.Pearce, S. H.Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead, NE9 6SX, United Kingdom. salman.razvi@ghnt.nhs.ukThe influence of age on the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and ischemic heart disease: a metaanalysisJ Clin Endocrinol MetabJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2998-3007938Age FactorsCardiovascular Diseases/mortalityCross-Sectional StudiesHumansHypothyroidism/*complicationsIncidenceLongitudinal StudiesMyocardial Ischemia/epidemiology/*etiologyPrevalence2008Aug18505765http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18505765 [55]Thyroid stimulating hormoneCHDAbove: 4.5 mU/LRR1.210.88 - 1.681,392 cases5noRandom effects modelyesPopulation basedno2 - 20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ochs2008777717Ochs, N.Auer, R.Bauer, D. C.Nanchen, D.Gussekloo, J.Cornuz, J.Rodondi, N.University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.Meta-analysis: subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk for coronary heart disease and mortalityAnn Intern MedAnn Intern Med832-4514811Coronary Disease/*etiology/*mortalityFemaleHumansHyperthyroidism/*complicationsHypothyroidism/*complicationsMaleProspective StudiesRisk FactorsThyroid Function TestsThyrotropin/blood2008Jun 318490668http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18490668 [56]Thyroid stimulating hormoneCHDBelow: 4.5 mU/LRR1.20 0.97 - 1.492,134 cases10noRandom effects modelyesPopulation basedno2 - 20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ochs2008777717Ochs, N.Auer, R.Bauer, D. C.Nanchen, D.Gussekloo, J.Cornuz, J.Rodondi, N.University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.Meta-analysis: subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk for coronary heart disease and mortalityAnn Intern MedAnn Intern Med832-4514811Coronary Disease/*etiology/*mortalityFemaleHumansHyperthyroidism/*complicationsHypothyroidism/*complicationsMaleProspective StudiesRisk FactorsThyroid Function TestsThyrotropin/blood2008Jun 318490668http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18490668 [56]Thyroid stimulating hormoneCVD deathAbove: 4.5 mU/LRR1.190.81 - 1.76911 cases5noRandom effects modelyesPopulation basedno2 - 20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ochs2008777717Ochs, N.Auer, R.Bauer, D. C.Nanchen, D.Gussekloo, J.Cornuz, J.Rodondi, N.University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.Meta-analysis: subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk for coronary heart disease and mortalityAnn Intern MedAnn Intern Med832-4514811Coronary Disease/*etiology/*mortalityFemaleHumansHyperthyroidism/*complicationsHypothyroidism/*complicationsMaleProspective StudiesRisk FactorsThyroid Function TestsThyrotropin/blood2008Jun 318490668http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18490668 [56]Thyroid stimulating hormoneCVD deathBelow: 4.5 mU/LRR1.18 0.98 - 1.421,167 cases8noRandom effects modelyesPopulation basedno2 - 20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Ochs2008777717Ochs, N.Auer, R.Bauer, D. C.Nanchen, D.Gussekloo, J.Cornuz, J.Rodondi, N.University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.Meta-analysis: subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk for coronary heart disease and mortalityAnn Intern MedAnn Intern Med832-4514811Coronary Disease/*etiology/*mortalityFemaleHumansHyperthyroidism/*complicationsHypothyroidism/*complicationsMaleProspective StudiesRisk FactorsThyroid Function TestsThyrotropin/blood2008Jun 318490668http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18490668 [56]Thyroid stimulating hormoneCVD deathBelow: 0.10.6
(unit n.a.) OR1.09 0.84 - 1.4114,719 total8yesRandom effects modelyesPopulation basedno4 -20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Razvi2008767617Razvi, S.Shakoor, A.Vanderpump, M.Weaver, J. U.Pearce, S. H.Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead, NE9 6SX, United Kingdom. salman.razvi@ghnt.nhs.ukThe influence of age on the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and ischemic heart disease: a metaanalysisJ Clin Endocrinol MetabJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2998-3007938Age FactorsCardiovascular Diseases/mortalityCross-Sectional StudiesHumansHypothyroidism/*complicationsIncidenceLongitudinal StudiesMyocardial Ischemia/epidemiology/*etiologyPrevalence2008Aug18505765http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18505765 [55]Inflammation CRPCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR2.01.6 - 2.51,953 total11noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation basedno8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2000545417Danesh, J.Whincup, P.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Appleby, P.Gallimore, J. R.Pepys, M. B.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE.Low grade inflammation and coronary heart disease: prospective study and updated meta-analysesBmjBmj199-2043217255Acute-Phase Reaction/blood/etiologyAdultBiological Markers/bloodC-Reactive Protein/metabolismCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*blood/*etiology/pathologyHumansInflammation/*blood/etiologyMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioProspective Studies2000Jul 2210903648http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10903648 [31]AlbuminCHDBottom vs top tertileRR1.51.3 - 1.73,770 cases7noInverse variance weighted meanyesGeneral populationno12 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh1998838317Danesh, J.Collins, R.Appleby, P.Peto, R.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, England. john.danesh@balliol.ox.ac.ukAssociation of fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, albumin, or leukocyte count with coronary heart disease: meta-analyses of prospective studiesJamaJama1477-8227918C-Reactive Protein/*metabolismCoronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyFibrinogen/*metabolismHumans*Leukocyte CountProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSerum Albumin/*metabolism1998May 139600484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9600484 [57]LipidsLipoprotein(a)CHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileRR1.7 1.4 - 1.94,044 cases18noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation basedno> 1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2000666617Danesh, J.Collins, R.Peto, R.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK.Lipoprotein(a) and coronary heart disease. Meta-analysis of prospective studiesCirculationCirculation1082-510210AgedCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*blood/epidemiologyFemaleHumansLipoprotein(a)/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2000Sep 510973834http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10973834 [46]TriglyceridesCHD1 SD increaseHR1.561.20 - 2.03368 cases11noCox regressionyesAsia-Pacific populationyes2.5 - 19.7 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Patel2004787817Patel, A.Barzi, F.Jamrozik, K.Lam, T. H.Ueshima, H.Whitlock, G.Woodward, M.Asia-Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration Secretariat, The George Institute for International Health, University of Sydney, PO Box M201, Missenden Rd, Camperdown, Sydney NSW 2050, Australia. apatel@thegeorgeinstitute.orgSerum triglycerides as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in the Asia-Pacific regionCirculationCirculation2678-8611017AgedAsia/epidemiologyAustralia/epidemiologyCoronary Disease/*epidemiology/mortalityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNew Zealand/epidemiologyRisk FactorsStroke/*epidemiology/mortalityTriglycerides/*blood2004Oct 2615492305http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15492305 [58]TriglyceridesCHD deathIncrease: <0.8, 0.8-1.0, 1.1-1.3, 1.4-1.8, >1.8 mmol/LHR1.381.18 - 1.622,082 cases30yesCox regressionyesAsia-Pacific populationyes2.5 - 25.1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Woodward2005797917Woodward, M.Huxley, H.Lam, T. H.Barzi, F.Lawes, C. M.Ueshima, H.The George Institute for International Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. mwoodward@thegeorgeinstitute.orgA comparison of the associations between risk factors and cardiovascular disease in Asia and AustralasiaEur J Cardiovasc Prev RehabilEur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil484-91125Asia/epidemiologyAustralasiaBody Mass IndexCardiovascular Diseases/*mortalityDiabetes Mellitus/epidemiologyFemaleHumansHypertension/epidemiologyLipids/bloodMaleProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsSmoking/epidemiologyStroke/*mortality2005Oct16210936http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16210936 [59]TriglyceridesCVD1 mmol/L increaseRR1.371.13 - 1.66439 cases5n.a.RegressionyesPopulation based, womenno11.4 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Austin1998808017Austin, M. A.Hokanson, J. E.Edwards, K. L.Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-7236, USA.Hypertriglyceridemia as a cardiovascular risk factorAm J CardiolAm J Cardiol7B-12B814ACardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiologyCholesterol, HDL/bloodCholesterol, LDL/bloodCoronary Disease/epidemiologyFemaleHumansHypertriglyceridemia/*complicationsMaleMultivariate AnalysisProspective StudiesRisk FactorsTriglycerides/blood1998Feb 269526807http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9526807 [60]CholesterolCHD deathIncrease: <4.2 , 4.2-4.6, 4.7-5.1, 5.2-5.8, >5.8 mmol/LHR1.31 1.23 - 1.392,082 cases30noCox regressionyesAsia-Pacific populationyes2.5 - 25.1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Woodward2005797917Woodward, M.Huxley, H.Lam, T. H.Barzi, F.Lawes, C. M.Ueshima, H.The George Institute for International Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. mwoodward@thegeorgeinstitute.orgA comparison of the associations between risk factors and cardiovascular disease in Asia and AustralasiaEur J Cardiovasc Prev RehabilEur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil484-91125Asia/epidemiologyAustralasiaBody Mass IndexCardiovascular Diseases/*mortalityDiabetes Mellitus/epidemiologyFemaleHumansHypertension/epidemiologyLipids/bloodMaleProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsSmoking/epidemiologyStroke/*mortality2005Oct16210936http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16210936 [59]CholesterolCHD death0.7 mmol/L increase in usual cholesterol levelHR1.231.18 - 1.294,841 cases25noCox regressionyesNot selected on any disease, Asia Pacific regionyes2.5 - 24.6 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Zhang2003818117Zhang, X.Patel, A.Horibe, H.Wu, Z.Barzi, F.Rodgers, A.MacMahon, S.Woodward, M.Cholesterol, coronary heart disease, and stroke in the Asia Pacific regionInt J EpidemiolInt J Epidemiol563-72324AdultAgedAsia, SoutheasternAustraliaBiological Markers/bloodBrain Ischemia/*bloodCerebral Hemorrhage/bloodCholesterol/*bloodCoronary Disease/*bloodFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedNew ZealandProportional Hazards ModelsRisk Factors2003Aug12913030http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12913030 [61]TriglyceridesCVD1 mmol/L increaseRR1.141.05 - 1.282,445 cases16n.a.RegressionyesPopulation based, menno8.4 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Austin1998808017Austin, M. A.Hokanson, J. E.Edwards, K. L.Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-7236, USA.Hypertriglyceridemia as a cardiovascular risk factorAm J CardiolAm J Cardiol7B-12B814ACardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiologyCholesterol, HDL/bloodCholesterol, LDL/bloodCoronary Disease/epidemiologyFemaleHumansHypertriglyceridemia/*complicationsMaleMultivariate AnalysisProspective StudiesRisk FactorsTriglycerides/blood1998Feb 269526807http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9526807 [60]MiscellaneousErythrocyte sedimentation rateCHD deathTop vs bottom tertileRR1.331.15 - 1.541,703 cases4noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation basedno14 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2000686817Danesh, J.Collins, R.Peto, R.Lowe, G. D.Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, UK.Haematocrit, viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate: meta-analyses of prospective studies of coronary heart diseaseEur Heart JEur Heart J515-20217Blood Sedimentation*Blood ViscosityCoronary Disease/epidemiology/*physiopathologyHematocritHumansProspective StudiesRisk Factors2000Apr10775006http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10775006 [48]HematocritCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileRR1.161.05 - 1.298,020 cases16noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation basedno16 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2000686817Danesh, J.Collins, R.Peto, R.Lowe, G. D.Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, UK.Haematocrit, viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate: meta-analyses of prospective studies of coronary heart diseaseEur Heart JEur Heart J515-20217Blood Sedimentation*Blood ViscosityCoronary Disease/epidemiology/*physiopathologyHematocritHumansProspective StudiesRisk Factors2000Apr10775006http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10775006 [48]
Table S6. Meta-analyses of cohorts with and without cardiovascular disease on markers for cardiovascular disease.
MarkerOutcomeRisk Applies ToRiskResults95% ciN PatientsN CohortsHet.Pooling MethodAdj.Patient groupIPDfollow-up periodPublicationDiabetes relatedGlucose (non fasting)Fatal, non-fatal CVDTop vs bottom categoryRR1.841.45 - 2.3337,117 total5n.a.Random effects modelnoNon-diabetic patients, no exclusion on diseaseno4.8 - 20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Levitan2004828217Levitan, E. B.Song, Y.Ford, E. S.Liu, S.Division of Preventive Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.Is nondiabetic hyperglycemia a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis of prospective studiesArch Intern MedArch Intern Med2147-5516419AdultAgedCardiovascular Diseases/*etiologyDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansHyperglycemia/*complicationsMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2004Oct 2515505129http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15505129 [62]Glycated hemoglobine (HBA(1c))Fatal, non-fatal CVDTop vs bottom categoryRR1.700.99 - 2.943,602 total3n.a.Random effects modelyes Non-diabetic patients, no exclusion on diseaseno8 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Levitan2004828217Levitan, E. B.Song, Y.Ford, E. S.Liu, S.Division of Preventive Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.Is nondiabetic hyperglycemia a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis of prospective studiesArch Intern MedArch Intern Med2147-5516419AdultAgedCardiovascular Diseases/*etiologyDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansHyperglycemia/*complicationsMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2004Oct 2515505129http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15505129 [62]Glucose (fasting)Fatal, non-fatal CVDTop vs bottom categoryRR1.271.13 - 1.43127,617 total18n.a.Random effects modelyesNon-diabetic patients, no exclusion on diseaseno4 - 22 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Levitan2004828217Levitan, E. B.Song, Y.Ford, E. S.Liu, S.Division of Preventive Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.Is nondiabetic hyperglycemia a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis of prospective studiesArch Intern MedArch Intern Med2147-5516419AdultAgedCardiovascular Diseases/*etiologyDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansHyperglycemia/*complicationsMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2004Oct 2515505129http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15505129 [62]Glucose post loadFatal, non-fatal CVDTop vs bottom categoryRR1.271.09 - 1.4861,773 total13n.a.Random effects modelyesNon-diabetic patients, no exclusion on diseaseno5 -22 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Levitan2004828217Levitan, E. B.Song, Y.Ford, E. S.Liu, S.Division of Preventive Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.Is nondiabetic hyperglycemia a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis of prospective studiesArch Intern MedArch Intern Med2147-5516419AdultAgedCardiovascular Diseases/*etiologyDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansHyperglycemia/*complicationsMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2004Oct 2515505129http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15505129 [62]HemostasisFibrinogenCVDTop vs bottom tertileOR2.352.14 - 2.572,581 cases13noInverse variance weighted meannoGeneral population + pre-existing CVDno0.5 - 13.5 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Maresca1999747417Maresca, G.Di Blasio, A.Marchioli, R.Di Minno, G.Clinica Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Ateneo "Federico II" Napoli.Measuring plasma fibrinogen to predict stroke and myocardial infarction: an updateArterioscler Thromb Vasc BiolArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol1368-77196Cerebrovascular Disorders/blood/*etiologyFibrinogen/*analysisHumansMyocardial Infarction/blood/*etiologyRisk Factors1999Jun10364066http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10364066 [53]FibrinogenCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR1.81.6 - 2.04,018 cases18noInverse variance weighted meanyesGeneral population + pre-existing CVDno8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh1998838317Danesh, J.Collins, R.Appleby, P.Peto, R.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, England. john.danesh@balliol.ox.ac.ukAssociation of fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, albumin, or leukocyte count with coronary heart disease: meta-analyses of prospective studiesJamaJama1477-8227918C-Reactive Protein/*metabolismCoronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyFibrinogen/*metabolismHumans*Leukocyte CountProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSerum Albumin/*metabolism1998May 139600484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9600484 [57]D-dimer fibrinogenCHDTop vs bottom tertileOR1.7 1.3 - 2.21,535 cases7noRegressionyesPopulation based + pre-existing CVDno5 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2001848417Danesh, J.Whincup, P.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Appleby, P.Rumley, A.Lowe, G. D.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford.Fibrin D-dimer and coronary heart disease: prospective study and meta-analysisCirculationCirculation2323-710319AdultBiological Markers/bloodCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*blood/pathologyFibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/*metabolismHumansMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioProspective StudiesRisk Factors2001May 1511352877http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11352877 [63]HormoneAdiponectinCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR0.840.70 - 1.011,313 cases7noInverse variance weighted meann.a.Population based + pre-existing CVDno9.7 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Sattar2006858517Sattar, N.Wannamethee, G.Sarwar, N.Tchernova, J.Cherry, L.Wallace, A. M.Danesh, J.Whincup, P. H.University Department of Vascular Biochemistry, Glasgow, Scotland. nsattar@clinmed.gla.ac.ukAdiponectin and coronary heart disease: a prospective study and meta-analysisCirculationCirculation623-91147Adiponectin/*blood/physiologyAdultBiological Markers/bloodBlood Pressure/physiologyBody Mass IndexC-Reactive Protein/analysisCholesterol, HDL/bloodCoronary Disease/*blood/*etiology/physiopathologyHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Infarction/blood/etiology/physiopathologyOdds RatioProspective StudiesRisk Factors2006Aug 1516894037http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16894037 [64]InfectionChlamydia Pneumoniae IgA titersCHDTop vs bottom tertileOR1.251.03 - 1.532,283 cases10noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation based and pre-existing CVDno11 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2002868617Danesh, J.Whincup, P.Lewington, S.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Wong, Y. K.Zhou, X.Ward, M.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.Chlamydia pneumoniae IgA titres and coronary heart disease; prospective study and meta-analysisEur Heart JEur Heart J371-5235AdultChlamydophila pneumoniae/*immunologyCoronary Disease/etiology/*immunologyHumansImmunoglobulin A/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective Studies2002Mar11846494http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11846494 [65]Chlamydia Pneumoniae IgG titersCHDTop vs bottom tertileOR1.150.97 - 1.363,169 cases15no RegressionyesPopulation based + pre-existing CVDno10 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh200010510517Danesh, J.Whincup, P.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Appleby, P.Wong, Y.Bernardes-Silva, M.Ward, M.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HE.Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG titres and coronary heart disease: prospective study and meta-analysisBmjBmj208-133217255AdultAntibodies, Bacterial/*bloodBiological Markers/bloodCase-Control StudiesChlamydia Infections/*complications/immunology*Chlamydophila pneumoniae/immunologyCoronary Disease/immunology/*microbiologyHumansImmunoglobulin G/*bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic2000Jul 2210903653http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10903653 [66]InflammationCRPCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR1.71.4 - 2.11,053 cases7noInverse variance weighted meanyesGeneral population + pre-existing CVDno6 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh1998838317Danesh, J.Collins, R.Appleby, P.Peto, R.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, England. john.danesh@balliol.ox.ac.ukAssociation of fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, albumin, or leukocyte count with coronary heart disease: meta-analyses of prospective studiesJamaJama1477-8227918C-Reactive Protein/*metabolismCoronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyFibrinogen/*metabolismHumans*Leukocyte CountProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSerum Albumin/*metabolism1998May 139600484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9600484 [57]Serum ameloid ACHDTop vs bottom tertileRR1.61.1 - 2.21,057 cases4noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation based + pre-existing CVDno10 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh2000545417Danesh, J.Whincup, P.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Appleby, P.Gallimore, J. R.Pepys, M. B.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE.Low grade inflammation and coronary heart disease: prospective study and updated meta-analysesBmjBmj199-2043217255Acute-Phase Reaction/blood/etiologyAdultBiological Markers/bloodC-Reactive Protein/metabolismCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*blood/*etiology/pathologyHumansInflammation/*blood/etiologyMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioProspective Studies2000Jul 2210903648http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10903648 [31]CRPCHD death, non-fatal MI1.0 mg/mL > CRP > 3.0 mg/mLRR1.58 1.37 - 1.8345,563 total10noRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVD, pre-existing CVDno2.9 - 13 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Buckley2009878717Buckley, D. I.Fu, R.Freeman, M.Rogers, K.Helfand, M.Oregon Evidence-based Practice Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.C-reactive protein as a risk factor for coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analyses for the U.S. Preventive Services Task ForceAnn Intern MedAnn Intern Med483-951517Biological Markers/bloodC-Reactive Protein/*metabolismCoronary Disease/blood/*diagnosis/*prevention & controlHumansRisk Assessment2009Oct 619805771http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19805771 [67]Granulocyte countCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileRR1.510.99 - 2.301,643 cases5yesRandom effects modelyesPre-existing CVD, no pre-existing CVDno3 - 18 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Wheeler2004888817Wheeler, J. G.Mussolino, M. E.Gillum, R. F.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Site, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Associations between differential leucocyte count and incident coronary heart disease: 1764 incident cases from seven prospective studies of 30,374 individualsEur Heart JEur Heart J1287-922515Cohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*immunologyFollow-Up StudiesHumansLeukocyte CountMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2004Aug15288155http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15288155 [68]Leukocyte countCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR1.51.4 - 1.67229 cases19yesInverse variance weighted meanyesGeneral population+ Pre-existing CVDno8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh1998838317Danesh, J.Collins, R.Appleby, P.Peto, R.Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, England. john.danesh@balliol.ox.ac.ukAssociation of fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, albumin, or leukocyte count with coronary heart disease: meta-analyses of prospective studiesJamaJama1477-8227918C-Reactive Protein/*metabolismCoronary Disease/*blood/*epidemiologyFibrinogen/*metabolismHumans*Leukocyte CountProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSerum Albumin/*metabolism1998May 139600484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9600484 [57]Neutrophil countCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileRR1.481.02 - 2.151,562 cases5yesRandom effects modelyesPre-existing CVD, no pre-existing CVDno3 - 18 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Wheeler2004888817Wheeler, J. G.Mussolino, M. E.Gillum, R. F.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Site, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Associations between differential leucocyte count and incident coronary heart disease: 1764 incident cases from seven prospective studies of 30,374 individualsEur Heart JEur Heart J1287-922515Cohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*immunologyFollow-Up StudiesHumansLeukocyte CountMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2004Aug15288155http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15288155 [68]Soluble ICAM1 CHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.391.11 - 1.731396 cases5yesInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation based + pre-existing CVDno11 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Malik2001898917Malik, I.Danesh, J.Whincup, P.Bhatia, V.Papacosta, O.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Haskard, D.BHF Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, W12 0NN, London, UK.Soluble adhesion molecules and prediction of coronary heart disease: a prospective study and meta-analysisLancetLancet971-63589286AdultCase-Control StudiesCell Adhesion Molecules/*bloodCoronary Disease/*blood/etiologyE-Selectin/bloodHumansIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/bloodLogistic ModelsMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedP-Selectin/bloodPredictive Value of TestsQuestionnairesRisk FactorsSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/blood2001Sep 2211583751http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11583751 [69]IL-18CHD, strokeTop vs bottom tertileRR1.351.25 - 1.513,047 cases12noFixed effects modelyesPopulation based, CAD patients, high risk CHD, menno1.58 - 20 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Jefferis909017Jefferis, B. J.Papacosta, O.Owen, C. G.Wannamethee, S. G.Humphries, S. E.Woodward, M.Lennon, L. T.Thomson, A.Welsh, P.Rumley, A.Lowe, G. D.Whincup, P. H.Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK. B.jefferis@ucl.ac.ukInterleukin 18 and coronary heart disease: prospective study and systematic reviewAtherosclerosisAtherosclerosis227-332171AdultCase-Control StudiesCoronary Disease/*genetics/physiopathologyFollow-Up StudiesGenotypeGreat BritainHumansInflammationInterleukin-18/*genetics/physiologyMiddle AgedModels, StatisticalOdds RatioProspective StudiesRiskRisk FactorsJul21481392http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21481392 [70]Soluble E-Selectin CHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.160.87 - 1.55832 cases2noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation based + pre-existing CVDno13 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Malik2001898917Malik, I.Danesh, J.Whincup, P.Bhatia, V.Papacosta, O.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Haskard, D.BHF Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, W12 0NN, London, UK.Soluble adhesion molecules and prediction of coronary heart disease: a prospective study and meta-analysisLancetLancet971-63589286AdultCase-Control StudiesCell Adhesion Molecules/*bloodCoronary Disease/*blood/etiologyE-Selectin/bloodHumansIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/bloodLogistic ModelsMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedP-Selectin/bloodPredictive Value of TestsQuestionnairesRisk FactorsSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/blood2001Sep 2211583751http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11583751 [69]Lymphocyte countCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileRR1.11 0.99 - 1.251,755 cases7noFixed effects modelyesPre-existing CVD, no pre-existing CVDno3 - 18 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Wheeler2004888817Wheeler, J. G.Mussolino, M. E.Gillum, R. F.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Site, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Associations between differential leucocyte count and incident coronary heart disease: 1764 incident cases from seven prospective studies of 30,374 individualsEur Heart JEur Heart J1287-922515Cohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*immunologyFollow-Up StudiesHumansLeukocyte CountMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2004Aug15288155http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15288155 [68]Monocyte countCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileRR1.100.98 - 1.241,750 cases7noFixed effects modelyesPre-existing CVD, no pre-existing CVDno3 - 18 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Wheeler2004888817Wheeler, J. G.Mussolino, M. E.Gillum, R. F.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Site, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Associations between differential leucocyte count and incident coronary heart disease: 1764 incident cases from seven prospective studies of 30,374 individualsEur Heart JEur Heart J1287-922515Cohort StudiesCoronary Disease/*immunologyFollow-Up StudiesHumansLeukocyte CountMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk Factors2004Aug15288155http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15288155 [68]Soluble VCAM1 CHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileOR1.020.81 - 1.291307 cases4noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation based + pre-existing CVDno11 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Malik2001898917Malik, I.Danesh, J.Whincup, P.Bhatia, V.Papacosta, O.Walker, M.Lennon, L.Thomson, A.Haskard, D.BHF Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, W12 0NN, London, UK.Soluble adhesion molecules and prediction of coronary heart disease: a prospective study and meta-analysisLancetLancet971-63589286AdultCase-Control StudiesCell Adhesion Molecules/*bloodCoronary Disease/*blood/etiologyE-Selectin/bloodHumansIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/bloodLogistic ModelsMaleMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedP-Selectin/bloodPredictive Value of TestsQuestionnairesRisk FactorsSmoking/adverse effectsVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/blood2001Sep 2211583751http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11583751 [69]IschemiaBNP + NT-proBNPCHD death, non-fatal MITop vs bottom tertileRR2.031.54 - 2.664,301 cases19yesRandom effects modelyesPopulation based, high CVD risk, pre-existing CVDno5 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009919117Di Angelantonio, E.Chowdhury, R.Sarwar, N.Ray, K. K.Gobin, R.Saleheen, D.Thompson, A.Gudnason, V.Sattar, N.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, England CB1 8RN. emanuele.diangelantonio@phpc.cam.ac.ukB-type natriuretic peptides and cardiovascular risk: systematic review and meta-analysis of 40 prospective studiesCirculationCirculation2177-8712022Cardiovascular Diseases/*blood/*epidemiologyHumansNatriuretic Peptide, Brain/*bloodRisk Factors2009Dec 119917883http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19917883 [71]Kidney functionSerum uric acidCHDTop vs bottom tertileOR1.221.05 - 1.401,645 cases8yesFixed effects modelyes(No) pre-existing CVD, womenno10.5 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Wheeler2005929217Wheeler, J. G.Juzwishin, K. D.Eiriksdottir, G.Gudnason, V.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.Serum uric acid and coronary heart disease in 9,458 incident cases and 155,084 controls: prospective study and meta-analysisPLoS MedPLoS Mede7623Age FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overBiological Markers/*bloodCase-Control StudiesCoronary Artery Disease/*epidemiology/*physiopathologyFemaleHumansIceland/epidemiologyIncidenceMaleOdds RatioPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSex FactorsUric Acid/*blood2005Mar15783260http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15783260 [72]Serum uric acidCHDTop vs bottom tertileOR1.121.05 - 1.197,813 cases15yesFixed effects modelyes(No) pre-existing CVD, menno10.5 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Wheeler2005929217Wheeler, J. G.Juzwishin, K. D.Eiriksdottir, G.Gudnason, V.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.Serum uric acid and coronary heart disease in 9,458 incident cases and 155,084 controls: prospective study and meta-analysisPLoS MedPLoS Mede7623Age FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overBiological Markers/*bloodCase-Control StudiesCoronary Artery Disease/*epidemiology/*physiopathologyFemaleHumansIceland/epidemiologyIncidenceMaleOdds RatioPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSex FactorsUric Acid/*blood2005Mar15783260http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15783260 [72]LipidsLp-PLA2CVDTop vs bottom quantileOR1.60 1.27 - 2.0012,098 total8yesRandom effects modelyesNo exclusion on diseaseno1 - 14 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Garza2007939317Garza, C. A.Montori, V. M.McConnell, J. P.Somers, V. K.Kullo, I. J.Lopez-Jimenez, F.Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.Association between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and cardiovascular disease: a systematic reviewMayo Clin ProcMayo Clin Proc159-658221-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase/*bloodAdultAgedBiological Markers/bloodCardiovascular Diseases/*enzymology/*etiologyHumansMiddle AgedPhospholipases A2Risk Assessment2007Feb17290721http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17290721 [73]ApoBFatal, non-fatal CVD1 SD increaseRRR1.43 1.35 - 1.5122,950 cases12yesRandom effects modelyesNo specified populationnon.a. ADDIN EN.CITE Sniderman949417Sniderman, A. D.Williams, K.Contois, J. H.Monroe, H. M.McQueen, M. J.de Graaf, J.Furberg, C. D.Mike Rosenbloom Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. allansniderman@hotmail.comA meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B as markers of cardiovascular riskCirc Cardiovasc Qual OutcomesCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes337-4543Apolipoproteins B/*bloodBiological Markers/bloodCardiovascular Diseases/*blood/diagnosis/epidemiologyCholesterol, HDL/*bloodCholesterol, LDL/*bloodHumansPredictive Value of TestsReproducibility of ResultsRisk FactorsMay21487090http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21487090 [74]Non-HDL cholesterolFatal, non-fatal CVD1 SD increaseRRR1.341.24 - 1.4422,950 cases12yesRandom effects modelyesNo specified populationnon.a. ADDIN EN.CITE Sniderman949417Sniderman, A. D.Williams, K.Contois, J. H.Monroe, H. M.McQueen, M. J.de Graaf, J.Furberg, C. D.Mike Rosenbloom Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. allansniderman@hotmail.comA meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B as markers of cardiovascular riskCirc Cardiovasc Qual OutcomesCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes337-4543Apolipoproteins B/*bloodBiological Markers/bloodCardiovascular Diseases/*blood/diagnosis/epidemiologyCholesterol, HDL/*bloodCholesterol, LDL/*bloodHumansPredictive Value of TestsReproducibility of ResultsRisk FactorsMay21487090http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21487090 [74]LDLFatal, non-fatal CVD1 SD increaseRRR1.251.18 - 1.3322,950 cases11yesRandom effects modelyesNo specified populationnon.a. ADDIN EN.CITE Sniderman949417Sniderman, A. D.Williams, K.Contois, J. H.Monroe, H. M.McQueen, M. J.de Graaf, J.Furberg, C. D.Mike Rosenbloom Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. allansniderman@hotmail.comA meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B as markers of cardiovascular riskCirc Cardiovasc Qual OutcomesCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes337-4543Apolipoproteins B/*bloodBiological Markers/bloodCardiovascular Diseases/*blood/diagnosis/epidemiologyCholesterol, HDL/*bloodCholesterol, LDL/*bloodHumansPredictive Value of TestsReproducibility of ResultsRisk FactorsMay21487090http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21487090 [74]Lp-PLA2Vascular death1 SD increaseRR1.131.05 - 1.222,887 cases11noRandom effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVD, stable CHDno5.8 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Thompson676717Thompson, A.Gao, P.Orfei, L.Watson, S.Di Angelantonio, E.Kaptoge, S.Ballantyne, C.Cannon, C. P.Criqui, M.Cushman, M.Hofman, A.Packard, C.Thompson, S. G.Collins, R.Danesh, J.Lp-PLA2 Studies Collaboration Coordinating Centre, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) and risk of coronary disease, stroke, and mortality: collaborative analysis of 32 prospective studiesLancetLancet1536-4437597251-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase/*bloodBlood PressureCoronary Disease/*blood/*mortalityFemaleHumansLinear ModelsLipids/bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStroke/*bloodSystoleMay 120435228http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20435228 [47]Lp-PLA2CHD1 SD increaseRR1.111.08 - 1.154,361 cases12noFixed effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVD, stable CHDno5.8 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Thompson676717Thompson, A.Gao, P.Orfei, L.Watson, S.Di Angelantonio, E.Kaptoge, S.Ballantyne, C.Cannon, C. P.Criqui, M.Cushman, M.Hofman, A.Packard, C.Thompson, S. G.Collins, R.Danesh, J.Lp-PLA2 Studies Collaboration Coordinating Centre, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) and risk of coronary disease, stroke, and mortality: collaborative analysis of 32 prospective studiesLancetLancet1536-4437597251-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase/*bloodBlood PressureCoronary Disease/*blood/*mortalityFemaleHumansLinear ModelsLipids/bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStroke/*bloodSystoleMay 120435228http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20435228 [47]MiscellaneousHomocysteineCVD and strokeAbove: 14.5-23.9 (mol/LOR3.742.53 - 5.54317 cases4yesFixed effects modelnoNo exclusion on diseaseno2.7 - 9 (2 studies n.a.) ADDIN EN.CITE Moller2000959517Moller, J.Nielsen, G. M.Tvedegaard, K. C.Andersen, N. T.Jorgensen, P. E.Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital at Skejby, Denmark. jan@kba.sks.au.dkA meta-analysis of cerebrovascular disease and hyperhomocysteinaemiaScand J Clin Lab InvestScand J Clin Lab Invest491-9606Cerebrovascular Disorders/*bloodCross-Sectional StudiesHomocysteine/*bloodHumansLongitudinal StudiesRisk Factors2000Oct11129065http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11129065 [75]HomocysteineCHD5 (mol/L increase RR1.31.1 - 1.51,041 cases5yesInverse variance weighted meanyesNo pre-existing CVD, pre-existing CVDno8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh1998969617Danesh, J.Lewington, S.Clinical Trial Service Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK.Plasma homocysteine and coronary heart disease: systematic review of published epidemiological studiesJ Cardiovasc RiskJ Cardiovasc Risk229-3254Coronary Disease/blood/*epidemiologyHomocysteine/*bloodHumansHyperhomocysteinemia/*epidemiologyRisk Factors1998Aug9919470http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9919470 [76]HomocysteineCardiac death, non-fatal MI5 (mol/L increase OR1.23 1.14 - 1.323,144 cases16n.a.Random effects modelyesNo renal diseaseno3 - 13 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Wald2002979717Wald, D. S.Law, M.Morris, J. K.Department of Cardiology, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD. davidwald@hotmail.comHomocysteine and cardiovascular disease: evidence on causality from a meta-analysisBmjBmj12023257374Cohort StudiesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHomocysteine/*bloodHomozygoteHumansMethylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)Mutation/*geneticsMyocardial Ischemia/blood/enzymology/*geneticsOdds RatioOxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors/*geneticsProspective StudiesPulmonary Embolism/blood/enzymology/*geneticsRisk FactorsVenous Thrombosis/blood/enzymology/*genetics2002Nov 2312446535http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12446535 [77]Serum ferritinCHDAbove: 200 (g/LRR1.03 0.83 - 1.29570 cases5yesInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation based + pre-existing CVDno8 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh1999989817Danesh, J.Appleby, P.Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK. john.danesh@balliol.ox.ac.ukCoronary heart disease and iron status: meta-analyses of prospective studiesCirculationCirculation852-4997Coronary Disease/*bloodDietFerritins/bloodHumansIron/administration & dosage/*blood/metabolismProspective StudiesTransferrin/analysis1999Feb 2310027804http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10027804 [78]Iron-binding capacityCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR0.980.66 - 1.462755 cases4noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation based + pre-existing CVDno13 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh1999989817Danesh, J.Appleby, P.Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK. john.danesh@balliol.ox.ac.ukCoronary heart disease and iron status: meta-analyses of prospective studiesCirculationCirculation852-4997Coronary Disease/*bloodDietFerritins/bloodHumansIron/administration & dosage/*blood/metabolismProspective StudiesTransferrin/analysis1999Feb 2310027804http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10027804 [78]Transferrin saturationCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR0.92 0.74 - 1.146194 cases5noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation based + pre-existing CVDno14 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh1999989817Danesh, J.Appleby, P.Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK. john.danesh@balliol.ox.ac.ukCoronary heart disease and iron status: meta-analyses of prospective studiesCirculationCirculation852-4997Coronary Disease/*bloodDietFerritins/bloodHumansIron/administration & dosage/*blood/metabolismProspective StudiesTransferrin/analysis1999Feb 2310027804http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10027804 [78]Serum ferritinCHDTop vs bottom tertileRR0.830.67 - 1.032848 cases3yesInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation based + pre-existing CVDno14 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Danesh1999989817Danesh, J.Appleby, P.Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK. john.danesh@balliol.ox.ac.ukCoronary heart disease and iron status: meta-analyses of prospective studiesCirculationCirculation852-4997Coronary Disease/*bloodDietFerritins/bloodHumansIron/administration & dosage/*blood/metabolismProspective StudiesTransferrin/analysis1999Feb 2310027804http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10027804 [78]
Table S7. Meta-analyses of miscellaneous cohorts on markers for cardiovascular disease.
MarkerOutcomeRisk Applies ToRiskResults95% ciN PatientsN CohortsHet.Pooling MethodAdj.Patient group, general populationIPDFollow-up PeriodPublicationIschemiaBNP + NT-proBNPNon-fatal MINT-proBNP above 280-533 pg/mL, BNP above 40-100 pg/mLOR6.241.82 - 21.4033 cases3noFixed effects modeln.a.Vascular and non cardiac surgery patientsno<30 days ADDIN EN.CITE Rodseth2008999917Rodseth, R. N.Padayachee, L.Biccard, B. M.Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.A meta-analysis of the utility of pre-operative brain natriuretic peptide in predicting early and intermediate-term mortality and major adverse cardiac events in vascular surgical patientsAnaesthesiaAnaesthesia1226-336311Biological Markers/bloodFemaleHumansMaleMyocardial Infarction/etiologyNatriuretic Peptide, Brain/*bloodPeptide Fragments/bloodPostoperative Complications/mortalityPreoperative Care/methodsPrognosisVascular Surgical Procedures/*adverse effects2008Nov18673363http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18673363 [79]BNP + NT-proBNPMACENT-proBNP above 280-319 pg/mL, BNP above 35 pg/mLOR3.312.10 - 5.2495 cases2yesRandom effects modeln.a.Vascular and non cardiac surgery patientsno<180 days ADDIN EN.CITE Rodseth2008999917Rodseth, R. N.Padayachee, L.Biccard, B. M.Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.A meta-analysis of the utility of pre-operative brain natriuretic peptide in predicting early and intermediate-term mortality and major adverse cardiac events in vascular surgical patientsAnaesthesiaAnaesthesia1226-336311Biological Markers/bloodFemaleHumansMaleMyocardial Infarction/etiologyNatriuretic Peptide, Brain/*bloodPeptide Fragments/bloodPostoperative Complications/mortalityPreoperative Care/methodsPrognosisVascular Surgical Procedures/*adverse effects2008Nov18673363http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18673363 [79]BNPMACEAbove 35-255 pg/mLOR25.4512.46 - 51.97148 casss6noRandom effects modelnoVascular and non-cardiac surgery patientsnoup to 43 days ADDIN EN.CITE Ryding200910010017Ryding, A. D.Kumar, S.Worthington, A. M.Burgess, D.Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom. aryding@doctors.org.ukPrognostic value of brain natriuretic peptide in noncardiac surgery: a meta-analysisAnesthesiologyAnesthesiology311-91112AgedBrain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*bloodCardiovascular Diseases/*etiology/*mortalityFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHeart Diseases/etiology/mortalityHumansMaleMiddle AgedNatriuretic Peptide, Brain/bloodOdds RatioPeptide Fragments/bloodPredictive Value of Tests*PrognosisPublication Bias*Surgical Procedures, Operative2009Aug19602961http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19602961 [80]BNP + NT-proBNPCardiac deathNT-proBNP above 201-791 pg/mL, BNP above 35-255 pg/mLOR23.889.43 - 60.4345 cases7noRandom effects modelnoVascular and non-cardiac surgery patientsnoup to 43 days ADDIN EN.CITE Ryding200910010017Ryding, A. D.Kumar, S.Worthington, A. M.Burgess, D.Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom. aryding@doctors.org.ukPrognostic value of brain natriuretic peptide in noncardiac surgery: a meta-analysisAnesthesiologyAnesthesiology311-91112AgedBrain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*bloodCardiovascular Diseases/*etiology/*mortalityFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHeart Diseases/etiology/mortalityHumansMaleMiddle AgedNatriuretic Peptide, Brain/bloodOdds RatioPeptide Fragments/bloodPredictive Value of Tests*PrognosisPublication Bias*Surgical Procedures, Operative2009Aug19602961http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19602961 [80]BNP + NT-proBNPMACENT-proBNP above 280-533 pg/mL, BNP above 40100 pg/mLOR17.37 3.31 - 91.1552 cases4yesRandom effects modeln.a.Vascular and non cardiac surgery patientsno<30days ADDIN EN.CITE Rodseth2008999917Rodseth, R. N.Padayachee, L.Biccard, B. M.Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.A meta-analysis of the utility of pre-operative brain natriuretic peptide in predicting early and intermediate-term mortality and major adverse cardiac events in vascular surgical patientsAnaesthesiaAnaesthesia1226-336311Biological Markers/bloodFemaleHumansMaleMyocardial Infarction/etiologyNatriuretic Peptide, Brain/*bloodPeptide Fragments/bloodPostoperative Complications/mortalityPreoperative Care/methodsPrognosisVascular Surgical Procedures/*adverse effects2008Nov18673363http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18673363 [79]NT-proBNPMACEAbove 201-791 pg/mLOR15.6510.39 - 25.37135 cases4noRandom effects modelnoVascular and non-cardiac surgery patientsnoup to 43 days ADDIN EN.CITE Ryding200910010017Ryding, A. D.Kumar, S.Worthington, A. M.Burgess, D.Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom. aryding@doctors.org.ukPrognostic value of brain natriuretic peptide in noncardiac surgery: a meta-analysisAnesthesiologyAnesthesiology311-91112AgedBrain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*bloodCardiovascular Diseases/*etiology/*mortalityFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHeart Diseases/etiology/mortalityHumansMaleMiddle AgedNatriuretic Peptide, Brain/bloodOdds RatioPeptide Fragments/bloodPredictive Value of Tests*PrognosisPublication Bias*Surgical Procedures, Operative2009Aug19602961http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19602961 [80]Kidney functionSerum creatine (eGFR)CVD death30 (mol/L decreaseHR1.271.11 - 1.461,784 cases8noCox regressionyesHypertensive patientsyes5 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Gueyffier199910110117Gueyffier, F.Boissel, J. P.Pocock, S.Boutitie, F.Coope, J.Cutler, J.Ekbom, T.Fagard, R.Friedman, L.Kerlikowske, K.Perry, M.Prineas, R.Schron, E.Clinical Pharmacology Department, Claude Bernard University, Lyon Hospitals, Lyon, France. fg@upcl.univ-lyon1.frIdentification of risk factors in hypertensive patients: contribution of randomized controlled trials through an individual patient databaseCirculationCirculatione88-9410018Age FactorsAgedCardiovascular Diseases/etiology/*mortalityCoronary Disease/etiology/mortalityFemaleHumansHypertension/*complications/therapyMaleMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical dataRisk FactorsSex FactorsStroke/etiology/mortalitySurvival Analysis1999Nov 210545441http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10545441 [81]Serum Uric AcidCVD deathAbove 75 mmol/L HR1.131.05 - 1.221,784 cases8yesCox regressionyesHypertensive patientsyes5 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Gueyffier199910110117Gueyffier, F.Boissel, J. P.Pocock, S.Boutitie, F.Coope, J.Cutler, J.Ekbom, T.Fagard, R.Friedman, L.Kerlikowske, K.Perry, M.Prineas, R.Schron, E.Clinical Pharmacology Department, Claude Bernard University, Lyon Hospitals, Lyon, France. fg@upcl.univ-lyon1.frIdentification of risk factors in hypertensive patients: contribution of randomized controlled trials through an individual patient databaseCirculationCirculatione88-9410018Age FactorsAgedCardiovascular Diseases/etiology/*mortalityCoronary Disease/etiology/mortalityFemaleHumansHypertension/*complications/therapyMaleMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical dataRisk FactorsSex FactorsStroke/etiology/mortalitySurvival Analysis1999Nov 210545441http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10545441 [81]LipidsCholesterolCVD death1 mmol/L increaseHR1.111.05 - 1.171,784 cases8noCox regressionyesHypertensive patientsyes5 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Gueyffier199910110117Gueyffier, F.Boissel, J. P.Pocock, S.Boutitie, F.Coope, J.Cutler, J.Ekbom, T.Fagard, R.Friedman, L.Kerlikowske, K.Perry, M.Prineas, R.Schron, E.Clinical Pharmacology Department, Claude Bernard University, Lyon Hospitals, Lyon, France. fg@upcl.univ-lyon1.frIdentification of risk factors in hypertensive patients: contribution of randomized controlled trials through an individual patient databaseCirculationCirculatione88-9410018Age FactorsAgedCardiovascular Diseases/etiology/*mortalityCoronary Disease/etiology/mortalityFemaleHumansHypertension/*complications/therapyMaleMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical dataRisk FactorsSex FactorsStroke/etiology/mortalitySurvival Analysis1999Nov 210545441http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10545441 [81]
Table S8. Meta-analyses of cohorts representing the general population for stroke.
MarkerOutcomeRisk Applies ToRiskResults95% ciN PatientsN CohortsHet.Pooling MethodAdj.Patient groupIPDFollow-up PeriodPublicationInflammationCRPStrokeTop vs bottom tertileRR1.681.40 - 2.019,572 total4noFixed effects modelyesGeneral populationno> 8 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Kuo200510210217Kuo, H. K.Yen, C. J.Chang, C. H.Kuo, C. K.Chen, J. H.Sorond, F.Division of Gerontology Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan.Relation of C-reactive protein to stroke, cognitive disorders, and depression in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysisLancet NeurolLancet Neurol371-8046C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism/physiologyCognition Disorders/*blood/epidemiologyDepressive Disorder/*blood/epidemiologyHumansStroke/*blood/epidemiology2005Jun15907742http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15907742 [82]LipidsTriglyceridesIschemic stroke1 SD increaseHR1.35 1.00 - 1.83273 cases13noCox regressionyesAsia-Pacific populationyes2.5 - 19.7 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Patel2004787817Patel, A.Barzi, F.Jamrozik, K.Lam, T. H.Ueshima, H.Whitlock, G.Woodward, M.Asia-Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration Secretariat, The George Institute for International Health, University of Sydney, PO Box M201, Missenden Rd, Camperdown, Sydney NSW 2050, Australia. apatel@thegeorgeinstitute.orgSerum triglycerides as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in the Asia-Pacific regionCirculationCirculation2678-8611017AgedAsia/epidemiologyAustralia/epidemiologyCoronary Disease/*epidemiology/mortalityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNew Zealand/epidemiologyRisk FactorsStroke/*epidemiology/mortalityTriglycerides/*blood2004Oct 2615492305http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15492305 [58]CholesterolIschemic strokeIncrease: <4.2 , 4.2-4.6, 4.7-5.1, 5.2-5.8, >5.8 mmol/LHR1.15 0.99 - 1.34420 cases24noCox regressionyesAsia-Pacific populationyes2.7 - 25.1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Woodward2005797917Woodward, M.Huxley, H.Lam, T. H.Barzi, F.Lawes, C. M.Ueshima, H.The George Institute for International Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. mwoodward@thegeorgeinstitute.orgA comparison of the associations between risk factors and cardiovascular disease in Asia and AustralasiaEur J Cardiovasc Prev RehabilEur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil484-91125Asia/epidemiologyAustralasiaBody Mass IndexCardiovascular Diseases/*mortalityDiabetes Mellitus/epidemiologyFemaleHumansHypertension/epidemiologyLipids/bloodMaleProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsSmoking/epidemiologyStroke/*mortality2005Oct16210936http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16210936 [59]TriglyceridesIschemic strokeIncrease: <0.8, 0.8-1.0, 1.1-1.3, 1.4-1.8, >1.8 mmol/LHR1.030.74 - 1.45420 cases24noCox regressionyesAsia-Pacific populationyes2.7 - 25.1 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Woodward2005797917Woodward, M.Huxley, H.Lam, T. H.Barzi, F.Lawes, C. M.Ueshima, H.The George Institute for International Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. mwoodward@thegeorgeinstitute.orgA comparison of the associations between risk factors and cardiovascular disease in Asia and AustralasiaEur J Cardiovasc Prev RehabilEur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil484-91125Asia/epidemiologyAustralasiaBody Mass IndexCardiovascular Diseases/*mortalityDiabetes Mellitus/epidemiologyFemaleHumansHypertension/epidemiologyLipids/bloodMaleProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsSmoking/epidemiologyStroke/*mortality2005Oct16210936http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16210936 [59]
Table S9. Meta-analyses of cohorts with and without pre-existing cardiovascular disease for stroke.
MarkerOutcomeRisk Applies ToRiskResults95% ciN PatientsN CohortsHet.Pooling MethodAdj.Patient group, general populationIPDFollow-up PeriodPublicationIschemiaBNP + NT-proBNPStrokeTop vs bottom tertileRR1.931.58 - 2.372,063 cases13yesRandom effects modelyesPopulation based, high CVD risk, pre-existing CVDno5 yr mean ADDIN EN.CITE Di Angelantonio2009919117Di Angelantonio, E.Chowdhury, R.Sarwar, N.Ray, K. K.Gobin, R.Saleheen, D.Thompson, A.Gudnason, V.Sattar, N.Danesh, J.Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, England CB1 8RN. emanuele.diangelantonio@phpc.cam.ac.ukB-type natriuretic peptides and cardiovascular risk: systematic review and meta-analysis of 40 prospective studiesCirculationCirculation2177-8712022Cardiovascular Diseases/*blood/*epidemiologyHumansNatriuretic Peptide, Brain/*bloodRisk Factors2009Dec 119917883http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19917883 [71]Kidney functionCystatin CStrokeTop vs bottom quintileRR1.831.12 - 3.00828 cases4yesRandom effects modelyesPopulation based, elderly, CVD patientsno3.1 - 7.4 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Lee131317Lee, M.Saver, J. L.Huang, W. H.Chow, J.Chang, K. H.Ovbiagele, B.Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.Impact of elevated cystatin C level on cardiovascular disease risk in predominantly high cardiovascular risk populations: a meta-analysisCirc Cardiovasc Qual OutcomesCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes675-8336AgedBiological Markers/*metabolismCoronary Disease/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathologyCystatin C/*metabolismDisease ProgressionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansKidney Failure, Chronic/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathologyMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRiskSeverity of Illness IndexStroke/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathologyNov20923994http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20923994 [45]LipidsCholesterolIschemic strokeTop vs bottom quintileHR1.51.3 - 1.8749 cases15yesCox regressionyesNot selected on any disease, Asia Pacific regionyes2.7 - 24.6 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Zhang2003818117Zhang, X.Patel, A.Horibe, H.Wu, Z.Barzi, F.Rodgers, A.MacMahon, S.Woodward, M.Cholesterol, coronary heart disease, and stroke in the Asia Pacific regionInt J EpidemiolInt J Epidemiol563-72324AdultAgedAsia, SoutheasternAustraliaBiological Markers/bloodBrain Ischemia/*bloodCerebral Hemorrhage/bloodCholesterol/*bloodCoronary Disease/*bloodFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedNew ZealandProportional Hazards ModelsRisk Factors2003Aug12913030http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12913030 [61]Lipoprotein(a)StrokeTop vs tertile RR1.211.04 - 1.412,009 cases8noRandom effects modelyesStroke and non-stroke patientsno3 - 14 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Smolders200710310317Smolders, B.Lemmens, R.Thijs, V.Department of Clinical and Experimental Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.Lipoprotein (a) and stroke: a meta-analysis of observational studiesStrokeStroke1959-66386Biological Markers/bloodCase-Control StudiesHumansIncidenceLipoprotein(a)/*bloodProspective StudiesRisk FactorsStroke/*blood/epidemiology2007Jun17478739http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17478739 [83]TriglyceridesIschemic stroke, incl. TIA1 SD increaseRR1.11 1.08 - 1.152,046 cases5noInverse variance weighted meanyesPopulation based, CHD patients free of strokeno3 - 18 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Labreuche200910410417Labreuche, J.Touboul, P. J.Amarenco, P.INSERM U and Denis Diderot University - Paris VII, France.Plasma triglyceride levels and risk of stroke and carotid atherosclerosis: a systematic review of the epidemiological studiesAtherosclerosisAtherosclerosis331-452032AdultAgedCarotid Artery Diseases/*blood/epidemiologyCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesFemaleHumansLipids/chemistryMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsStroke/*blood/epidemiologyTriglycerides/*blood/metabolismTunica Intima/pathologyTunica Media/pathology2009Apr18954872http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18954872 [84]Lp-PLA2Ischemic stroke1 SD increaseRR1.101.04 - 1.162,097 cases5noFixed effects modelyesNo pre-existing CVD, stable CHDno5.8 yr median ADDIN EN.CITE Thompson676717Thompson, A.Gao, P.Orfei, L.Watson, S.Di Angelantonio, E.Kaptoge, S.Ballantyne, C.Cannon, C. P.Criqui, M.Cushman, M.Hofman, A.Packard, C.Thompson, S. G.Collins, R.Danesh, J.Lp-PLA2 Studies Collaboration Coordinating Centre, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) and risk of coronary disease, stroke, and mortality: collaborative analysis of 32 prospective studiesLancetLancet1536-4437597251-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase/*bloodBlood PressureCoronary Disease/*blood/*mortalityFemaleHumansLinear ModelsLipids/bloodMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStroke/*bloodSystoleMay 120435228http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20435228 [47]TriglyceridesStroke10 mg/dL increaseRR1.05 1.03 - 1.073,348 cases29n.a.RegressionyesPrimary and secondary eventsno>1yr ADDIN EN.CITE Labreuche10610617Labreuche, J.Deplanque, D.Touboul, P. J.Bruckert, E.Amarenco, P.INSERM U-698 and Denis Diderot University-Paris VII, France.Association between change in plasma triglyceride levels and risk of stroke and carotid atherosclerosis: systematic review and meta-regression analysisAtherosclerosisAtherosclerosis9-152121Biological Markers/bloodCarotid Arteries/pathologyCarotid Artery Diseases/blood/complications/*drug therapy/pathologyCholesterol/bloodHumansHypolipidemic Agents/*therapeutic useLipoproteins/bloodRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStroke/blood/etiology/*prevention & controlTreatment OutcomeTriglycerides/*bloodTunica Intima/pathologyTunica Media/pathologySep20457452http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=20457452 [85]MiscellaneousHomocysteineStroke5 (mol/L increase OR1.421.21 - 1.66676 cases8n.a.Random effects modelyesNo renal diseaseno3 - 12 yr ADDIN EN.CITE Wald2002979717Wald, D. S.Law, M.Morris, J. K.Department of Cardiology, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD. davidwald@hotmail.comHomocysteine and cardiovascular disease: evidence on causality from a meta-analysisBmjBmj12023257374Cohort StudiesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHomocysteine/*bloodHomozygoteHumansMethylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)Mutation/*geneticsMyocardial Ischemia/blood/enzymology/*geneticsOdds RatioOxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors/*geneticsProspective StudiesPulmonary Embolism/blood/enzymology/*geneticsRisk FactorsVenous Thrombosis/blood/enzymology/*genetics2002Nov 2312446535http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12446535 [77]References
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95% ci: 95% confidence interval
Het.: heterogeneity between cohorts.
Adj.: adjustment performed with other risk factors.
IPD: individual patient data.
CVD: cardiovascular disease
n.a.: not available.
CHD: coronary heart disease
MI: myocardial infarction
SD: standard deviation
IHD: ischemic heart disease
CRP: C-reactive protein
eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Apo: apolipoprotein
HDL: high density lipoprotein
hs: high sensitivity
MACE: major adverse cardiac events.
PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention.
cTn: cardiac troponin
(NT-pro)BNP: (N-terminal prohormone of) brain natriuretic peptide.
ACS: acute coronary syndrome.
(n)STEMI: (non)-ST elevated myocardial infarction.
AMI: acute myocardial infarction.
CKD: chronic kidney disease.
Lp-PLA2: lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2.
TIA: transient ischemic attack.
HF: heart failure.
ICAM: intercellular adhesion molecule
CAD: coronary artery disease.
VCAM: vascular cell adhesion molecule.
LDL: low density lipoprotein.
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