%PDF-1.6
%
1 0 obj
<>
endobj
2 0 obj
<>stream
Abril Rodríguez-González, Volodimir Sarabeev, Juan Antonio Balbuena
Evolutionary morphology in shape and size of haptoral anchors in 14 Ligophorus spp. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae)
www.plosone.org
www.plosone.org
endstream
endobj
3 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 13 0 R/Annots 14 0 R/Contents 15 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
14 0 obj
[16 0 R 17 0 R 18 0 R 19 0 R 20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R]
endobj
16 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref001)>>
endobj
17 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref002)>>
endobj
18 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref002)>>
endobj
19 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref003)>>
endobj
20 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref004)>>
endobj
21 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref005)>>
endobj
22 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref006)>>
endobj
23 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref005)>>
endobj
24 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref007)>>
endobj
25 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref008)>>
endobj
26 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref005)>>
endobj
27 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref009)>>
endobj
28 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref010)>>
endobj
29 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref012)>>
endobj
30 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref009)>>
endobj
31 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref010)>>
endobj
32 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref012)>>
endobj
33 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref016)>>
endobj
34 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref017)>>
endobj
35 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref018)>>
endobj
36 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref017)>>
endobj
37 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref019)>>
endobj
38 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref020)>>
endobj
39 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref022)>>
endobj
40 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref023)>>
endobj
41 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref024)>>
endobj
42 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref025)>>
endobj
43 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref026)>>
endobj
44 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref027)>>
endobj
45 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref018)>>
endobj
46 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref022)>>
endobj
47 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref028)>>
endobj
48 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref029)>>
endobj
49 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref018)>>
endobj
50 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref022)>>
endobj
51 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref030)>>
endobj
52 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 59 0 R>>
endobj
59 0 obj
<>
endobj
53 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 60 0 R>>
endobj
60 0 obj
<>
endobj
54 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 61 0 R>>
endobj
61 0 obj
<>
endobj
55 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 62 0 R>>
endobj
62 0 obj
<>
endobj
56 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 63 0 R>>
endobj
63 0 obj
<>
endobj
57 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 64 0 R>>
endobj
64 0 obj
<>
endobj
58 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 65 0 R>>
endobj
65 0 obj
<>
endobj
15 0 obj
[66 0 R 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R 72 0 R 73 0 R 74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R]
endobj
66 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
203.4142 674.9858 m
208.1764 674.9858 l
h
f*
457.285 649.0205 m
462.0472 649.0205 l
h
f*
529.852 622.9984 m
534.6142 622.9984 l
h
f*
500.4283 583.9937 m
505.1906 583.9937 l
h
f*
509.6126 583.9937 m
514.3748 583.9937 l
h
f*
448.4409 532.0063 m
453.2031 532.0063 l
h
f*
457.6819 532.0063 m
462.3874 532.0063 l
h
f*
505.7575 505.9843 m
510.5197 505.9843 l
h
f*
514.9417 505.9843 m
519.7039 505.9843 l
h
f*
364.8756 466.9795 m
369.6378 466.9795 l
h
f*
380.0693 428.0315 m
384.8315 428.0315 l
h
f*
239.1307 402.0094 m
243.8929 402.0094 l
h
f*
238.2236 389.0268 m
247.748 389.0268 l
h
f*
252.9071 389.0268 m
262.4315 389.0268 l
h
f*
219.8551 363.0047 m
224.6173 363.0047 l
h
f*
229.0961 363.0047 m
238.5638 363.0047 l
h
f*
243.0425 363.0047 m
252.5669 363.0047 l
h
f*
257.726 363.0047 m
267.2504 363.0047 l
h
f*
478.8283 363.0047 m
488.2961 363.0047 l
h
f*
492.7748 363.0047 m
502.2992 363.0047 l
h
f*
243.6661 297.978 m
253.1906 297.978 l
h
f*
257.6126 297.978 m
267.137 297.978 l
h
f*
271.6157 297.978 m
281.0835 297.978 l
h
f*
286.2992 297.978 m
295.7669 297.978 l
h
f*
474.1228 259.0299 m
483.5906 259.0299 l
h
f*
224.0504 245.9906 m
233.5748 245.9906 l
h
f*
460.2331 220.0252 m
469.7575 220.0252 l
h
f*
320.315 194.0031 m
329.8394 194.0031 l
h
f*
499.4646 194.0031 m
508.989 194.0031 l
h
f*
239.8677 115.9937 m
249.3921 115.9937 l
h
f*
253.8142 115.9937 m
263.3386 115.9937 l
h
f*
546.7465 115.9937 m
556.2709 115.9937 l
h
f*
560.7496 115.9937 m
570.2173 115.9937 l
h
f*
361.8709 103.011 m
371.3386 103.011 l
h
f*
375.8173 103.011 m
385.3417 103.011 l
h
f*
389.7638 103.011 m
399.2882 103.011 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 706.0535 cm
BT
/F3 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Introduction)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 689.1023 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(Darwin's)Tj
3.8324 0 Td
(view)Tj
2.0409 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0091 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0091 0 Td
(evolving)Tj
3.583 0 Td
(entities)Tj
3.1011 0 Td
(only)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(detectable)Tj
4.2179 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(gaps)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(morphological)Tj
6.0548 0 Td
(variation)Tj
-34.0155 -1.3039 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(1)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.3719 0 Td
(established)Tj
4.5978 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(explicit)Tj
3.1294 0 Td
(link)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5263 0 Td
(morphology)Tj
5.142 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(evolution.)Tj
4.2236 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9843 0 Td
(inception)Tj
4.0251 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.5421 0 Td
(per-)Tj
-34.2593 -1.2982 Td
(vaded)Tj
2.5795 0 Td
(biological)Tj
4.0818 0 Td
(thought)Tj
3.3676 0 Td
(until)Tj
2.1033 0 Td
(today,)Tj
2.6588 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4627 0 Td
(point)Tj
2.3527 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7745 0 Td
(it)Tj
0.7767 0 Td
(can)Tj
1.6214 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(asserted)Tj
3.4129 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7744 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1396 0 Td
(post-Darwinian)Tj
-31.2716 -1.2983 Td
(morphology)Tj
5.142 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(been,)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(greater)Tj
3.0103 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0999 0 Td
(lesser)Tj
2.4037 0 Td
(extent,)Tj
2.9027 0 Td
(evolutionary)Tj
5.2611 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(2)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.5987 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(comparative)Tj
5.1703 0 Td
(morphol-)Tj
-33.2671 -1.3039 Td
(ogy,)Tj
1.8708 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(relationship)Tj
4.989 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(morphology)Tj
5.142 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(evolution)Tj
4.0025 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(assessed)Tj
3.4752 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(identifying)Tj
4.5751 0 Td
(homologies)Tj
-32.8079 -1.2983 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(determining)Tj
5.1817 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(chronological)Tj
5.6919 0 Td
(order)Tj
2.4208 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(transformations)Tj
6.6387 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(evolutionary)Tj
5.2611 0 Td
(units)Tj
2.2223 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(2)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.5988 0 Td
(The)Tj
-34.2423 -1.2982 Td
(similarity)Tj
4.0024 0 Td
(among)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(forms)Tj
2.5625 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(can)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1508 0 Td
(explained)Tj
4.0705 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(inheritance)Tj
4.7509 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(common)Tj
-32.876 -1.304 Td
(ancestor)Tj
3.5886 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0942 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1848 0 Td
(convergence)Tj
5.2328 0 Td
(where)Tj
2.6475 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(form)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(can)Tj
1.627 0 Td
(arise)Tj
2.0807 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(than)Tj
2.0239 0 Td
(once)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(across)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(taxa)Tj
1.8538 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(response)Tj
-33.1821 -1.2982 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(similar)Tj
2.982 0 Td
(ecological,)Tj
4.388 0 Td
(adaptive,)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(functional,)Tj
4.5354 0 Td
(and/or)Tj
2.9367 0 Td
(developmental)Tj
6.0887 0 Td
(pressures)Tj
3.9402 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(3)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.2586 0 Td
(4)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.2642 0 Td
(Both)Tj
2.1316 0 Td
(pro-)Tj
-34.3556 -1.2983 Td
(cesses)Tj
2.5738 0 Td
(act)Tj
1.372 0 Td
(concurrently)Tj
5.3687 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(disentangling)Tj
5.6182 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(roles)Tj
2.1316 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(until)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(recently)Tj
3.4072 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6577 0 Td
(daunting)Tj
3.838 0 Td
(task.)Tj
-34.5767 -1.2983 Td
(However,)Tj
4.0761 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(current)Tj
3.1861 0 Td
(availability)Tj
4.5297 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3235 0 Td
(tools,)Tj
2.364 0 Td
(coupled)Tj
3.3903 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0012 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(development)Tj
5.4085 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(geo-)Tj
-35.2457 -1.3039 Td
(metric)Tj
2.8232 0 Td
(morphometrics)Tj
6.4346 0 Td
(methods)Tj
3.6851 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7744 0 Td
(can)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(examine)Tj
3.6057 0 Td
(morphological)Tj
6.0547 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(independent)Tj
5.2724 0 Td
(from)Tj
-34.2082 -1.2982 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(effect)Tj
2.3641 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(phylogeny)Tj
4.3653 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(greatly)Tj
2.914 0 Td
(simplified)Tj
4.2066 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6724 0 Td
(endeavour)Tj
4.4391 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(5)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.2642 0 Td
(6)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-24.5705 -1.2983 Td
(Historically,)Tj
5.091 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(tendency)Tj
3.8721 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(related)Tj
2.948 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(resemble)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(one)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(another)Tj
3.3335 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(than)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(species)Tj
-33.1764 -1.3039 Td
(drawn)Tj
2.7836 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9524 0 Td
(random)Tj
3.4299 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(same)Tj
2.2563 0 Td
(tree)Tj
1.7405 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(termed)Tj
3.0841 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.7146 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.9367 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(5)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.2586 0 Td
(7)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.2642 0 Td
(Hence,)Tj
-32.7569 -1.2983 Td
(determining)Tj
5.1816 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(degree)Tj
2.8516 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6532 0 Td
(traits)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
(exhibit)Tj
2.9707 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5455 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(crucial)Tj
2.914 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(understand)Tj
4.7906 0 Td
(how)Tj
-35.8467 -1.2982 Td
(species)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(vary)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(phenotypically)Tj
6.0831 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(infer)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(evolutionary)Tj
5.2611 0 Td
(processes)Tj
3.9685 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(shaped)Tj
3.0104 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(phe-)Tj
-35.5462 -1.304 Td
(notypic)Tj
3.2371 0 Td
(diversity)Tj
3.6453 0 Td
(over)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(evolutionary)Tj
5.2611 0 Td
(time)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(8)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.5987 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(addition,)Tj
3.8211 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(allow)Tj
2.3357 0 Td
(controlling)Tj
4.6488 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(con-)Tj
-33.5449 -1.2982 Td
(founding)Tj
3.9004 0 Td
(effect)Tj
2.3641 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(dependence,)Tj
5.2327 0 Td
(estimation)Tj
4.4447 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3235 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5398 0 Td
(provides)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(a)Tj
-34.8092 -1.2983 Td
(predictive)Tj
4.1952 0 Td
(framework)Tj
4.6148 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(value)Tj
2.3074 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(given)Tj
2.381 0 Td
(trait)Tj
1.8879 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6576 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0998 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(ensemble)Tj
3.9742 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(closely)Tj
2.8799 0 Td
(related)Tj
-34.7411 -1.2983 Td
(species)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(based)Tj
2.4775 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.1033 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(position)Tj
3.4923 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(5)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.6043 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(latter)Tj
2.296 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8448 0 Td
(important)Tj
4.2803 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3889 0 Td
(parasites)Tj
3.685 0 Td
(because)Tj
-33.5449 -1.3039 Td
(their)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(small)Tj
2.3244 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.6838 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(cryptic)Tj
2.9764 0 Td
(natural)Tj
3.084 0 Td
(history)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(hampers)Tj
3.6737 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(estimation)Tj
4.4447 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(phenotypic)Tj
4.7055 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(ecologi-)Tj
-33.9531 -1.2982 Td
(cal)Tj
1.3209 0 Td
(traits)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(9)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.6044 0 Td
(However,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5398 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(parasites)Tj
3.685 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.5421 0 Td
(rarely)Tj
2.5228 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(focus)Tj
2.3301 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(rigorous)Tj
-32.8363 -1.2983 Td
(analyses)Tj
3.4809 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(10)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(12)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
3.5433 0 Td
(Most)Tj
2.279 0 Td
(studies)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(chiefly)Tj
2.8516 0 Td
(based)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(comparison)Tj
4.9776 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(ecological)Tj
4.1613 0 Td
(traits,)Tj
2.4774 0 Td
(such)Tj
-35.7049 -1.3039 Td
(as)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(abundance)Tj
4.5921 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(host)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(specificity)Tj
4.2122 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(investigate)Tj
4.4617 0 Td
(diversification,)Tj
6.1511 0 Td
(diversity)Tj
3.6453 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(community)Tj
4.8869 0 Td
(ecol-)Tj
-35.3648 -1.2983 Td
(ogy)Tj
1.644 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(9)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.2643 0 Td
(10)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.3946 0 Td
(12)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(16)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
3.2031 0 Td
(whereas)Tj
3.447 0 Td
(few)Tj
1.6157 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(considered)Tj
4.6035 0 Td
(morphological)Tj
6.0604 0 Td
(traits)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(17)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7348 0 Td
(18)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-28.0798 -1.2983 Td
(Haptoral)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(structures)Tj
4.1839 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(Monogenea)Tj
4.9663 0 Td
(provide)Tj
3.2882 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(exceptional)Tj
4.7791 0 Td
(platform)Tj
3.6964 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(comparative)Tj
5.1703 0 Td
(mor-)Tj
-34.7071 -1.3039 Td
(phology.)Tj
3.668 0 Td
(On)Tj
1.5136 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4741 0 Td
(one)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(hand,)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(any)Tj
1.6611 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(set)Tj
1.3039 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(organisms,)Tj
4.5751 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(constraints)Tj
4.6431 0 Td
(are)Tj
-35.4838 -1.2982 Td
(expected)Tj
3.719 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(account)Tj
3.3846 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(morphological)Tj
6.0604 0 Td
(similarity)Tj
4.0082 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5262 0 Td
(species.)Tj
3.2258 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1055 0 Td
(fact,)Tj
1.8879 0 Td
(haptoral)Tj
3.5603 0 Td
(morphol-)Tj
-32.8873 -1.2983 Td
(ogy)Tj
1.644 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.5421 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(found)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(suitable)Tj
3.2881 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(inferring)Tj
3.7701 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(relationships)Tj
5.3518 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.6566 0 Td
(monoge-)Tj
-33.9134 -1.3039 Td
(nean)Tj
2.1713 0 Td
(taxa)Tj
1.8538 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(17)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7348 0 Td
(19)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.4003 0 Td
(20)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(22)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
3.2031 0 Td
(On)Tj
1.5137 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(hand,)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(attachment)Tj
4.7281 0 Td
(structures)Tj
4.184 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(monogeneans)Tj
5.8053 0 Td
(are)Tj
-35.3818 -1.2983 Td
(subjected)Tj
3.9684 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(strong)Tj
2.7722 0 Td
(selective)Tj
3.5376 0 Td
(pressures.)Tj
4.1613 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(gill)Tj
1.4456 0 Td
(monogeneans,)Tj
6.0321 0 Td
(these)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
(pressures)Tj
3.9401 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4514 0 Td
(exerted)Tj
3.1521 0 Td
(by)Tj
-34.8489 -1.2982 Td
(both)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(structural)Tj
4.0819 0 Td
(complexity)Tj
4.6431 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(fish)Tj
1.6611 0 Td
(gills,)Tj
2.0353 0 Td
(thereby)Tj
3.2258 0 Td
(offering)Tj
3.3788 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(wide)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(variety)Tj
2.9253 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(microhabitats,)Tj
-30.2794 -1.2983 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(exposure)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(mechanical)Tj
4.7679 0 Td
(stress)Tj
2.3981 0 Td
(generated)Tj
4.1328 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(ventilating)Tj
4.4674 0 Td
(currents)Tj
3.5489 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(23)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(fact,)Tj
1.8878 0 Td
(S)Tj
0 Tc
0.0397 0.2551 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.4365 -0.2551 Td
(imkova)Tj
0 Tc
2.5626 0.051 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
-35.1834 -1.3549 Td
(et)Tj
0.941 0 Td
(al.)Tj
1.1226 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(24)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8538 0 Td
(posit)Tj
2.1713 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(morphology)Tj
5.142 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(haptor)Tj
2.8743 0 Td
(is,)Tj
1.0771 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(large)Tj
2.16 0 Td
(degree,)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(determined)Tj
4.8529 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(adapta-)Tj
-33.8624 -1.2983 Td
(tion)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0204 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(host)Tj
1.9106 0 Td
(\(host)Tj
2.2563 0 Td
(specificity\))Tj
4.5524 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(specific)Tj
3.1861 0 Td
(sites)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(within)Tj
2.812 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(hosts)Tj
2.2733 0 Td
(\(niche)Tj
2.7496 0 Td
(preference\),)Tj
-30.8747 -1.2983 Td
(which)Tj
2.6475 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(corroborated)Tj
5.4652 0 Td
(in,)Tj
1.2642 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(instance,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
3.7531 0 Td
[()-3()16()6()15()4()4()4()12()-4( )-3(\n)1()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
5.6635 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8369 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(25)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(However,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(studies)Tj
-34.1856 -1.3039 Td
(indicate)Tj
3.4072 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(haptor)Tj
2.8743 0 Td
(morphology)Tj
5.142 0 Td
(seems)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(driven)Tj
2.8119 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(combination)Tj
5.3461 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(both)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(adaptive)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(forces)Tj
-34.6391 -1.2982 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(constraints)Tj
4.6375 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(26)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0749 0 Td
(For)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(instance,)Tj
3.753 0 Td
(Rodr)Tj
0 Tc
1.9616 0.051 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.3288 -0.051 Td
(guez-Gonza)Tj
0 Tc
4.388 0.051 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.4139 -0.051 Td
(lez)Tj
1.2982 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.9468 0 Td
(al.)Tj
1.1225 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(27)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8538 0 Td
(showed)Tj
3.2485 0 Td
(that)Tj
-34.7071 -1.2983 Td
(different)Tj
3.6566 0 Td
(modular)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(arrangements)Tj
5.7203 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.5581 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(could)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(accounted)Tj
4.3313 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3889 0 Td
(by)Tj
-35.6652 -1.3039 Td
(both)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(adaptive)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(factors)Tj
2.9027 0 Td
(acting)Tj
2.6589 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9524 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(levels.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
-21.6622 -1.2983 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.5637 0 Td
(represents)Tj
4.32 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(genus)Tj
2.5454 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(gill)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(monogeneans)Tj
5.8053 0 Td
(exclusive)Tj
3.8098 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(grey)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(mullets)Tj
3.1407 0 Td
(\(Osteichthyes:)Tj
-31.4586 -1.2983 Td
(Mugilidae\).)Tj
4.8358 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9843 0 Td
(host-parasite)Tj
5.3744 0 Td
(system)Tj
2.9367 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(several)Tj
2.9367 0 Td
(features)Tj
3.3449 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(make)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(it)Tj
0.7881 0 Td
(invaluable)Tj
4.3086 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(model)Tj
-33.8908 -1.3039 Td
(system)Tj
2.9366 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(studying)Tj
3.668 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(evolutionary)Tj
5.2611 0 Td
(processes)Tj
3.9685 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(drive)Tj
2.2621 0 Td
(its)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(past)Tj
1.8311 0 Td
(diversification)Tj
5.9301 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(present)Tj
-33.3692 -1.2982 Td
(diversity)Tj
3.6453 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(18)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7348 0 Td
(22)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(genus)Tj
2.5455 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(speciose)Tj
3.5036 0 Td
(\(59)Tj
1.508 0 Td
(valid)Tj
2.1486 0 Td
(species\))Tj
3.3392 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(morphologically)Tj
6.7635 0 Td
(diverse)Tj
3.0444 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(28)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7404 0 Td
(29)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-36.0734 -1.2983 Td
(Well-resolved)Tj
5.7656 0 Td
(phylogenies)Tj
4.9606 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(available)Tj
3.668 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(18)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7348 0 Td
(22)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.3946 0 Td
(30)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.5137 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(specimens)Tj
4.3653 0 Td
(can)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1508 0 Td
(easily)Tj
2.4038 0 Td
(obtained)Tj
3.736 0 Td
(in)Tj
-35.5008 -1.2983 Td
(large)Tj
2.1599 0 Td
(numbers.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
4.0025 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.5581 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(exhibit)Tj
2.9764 0 Td
(strict)Tj
2.2393 0 Td
(host)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(specificity)Tj
4.2066 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(several)Tj
2.931 0 Td
(congeneric)Tj
4.6205 0 Td
(species)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 337.096 745.7952 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Evolutio)Tj
3.4866 0 Td
(nary)Tj
2.1331 0 Td
(morpho)Tj
3.3307 0 Td
(logy)Tj
2.0197 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.978 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.2244 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.8914 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.8567 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.963 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
1.0417 0 Td
(Ligophorus)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
5.0741 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
81.5811 34.9228 m
237.8835 34.9228 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.4748 0 Td
(https://doi.or)Tj
5.4142 0 Td
(g/10.137)Tj
3.8198 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.01783)Tj
4.089 0 Td
(67)Tj
0 g
2.0906 0 Td
(May)Tj
2.0906 0 Td
(24,)Tj
1.5803 0 Td
(2017)Tj
35.2349 0 Td
(2)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
0.496 0 Td
(15)Tj
ET
Q
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1 j
1 J
0 w
114.2362 685.6441 m
165.6567 685.6441 l
h
f*
169.2283 685.6441 m
186.5764 685.6441 l
h
f*
36 674.6457 m
98.4756 674.6457 l
h
f*
112.1386 641.6504 m
179.3764 641.6504 l
h
f*
36 630.652 m
58.1669 630.652 l
h
f*
93.0898 619.6535 m
129.4866 619.6535 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 708.7181 cm
BT
/F10 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.025 Tc
0 0 Td
(Tecnolog)Tj
0 Tc
3.3519 0.0212 Td
()Tj
-0.025 Tc
0.241 -0.0212 Td
(a)Tj
0.6449 0 Td
(\(CONACYT)Tj
4.0536 0 Td
(-CONCYTEY\))Tj
5.0598 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9497 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.3677 0 Td
(Mexican)Tj
-15.6686 -1.3748 Td
(Governmen)Tj
4.3299 0 Td
(t)Tj
0.4819 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(Yucata)Tj
0 Tc
2.1544 0.0284 Td
()Tj
-0.025 Tc
0.3614 -0.0284 Td
(n)Tj
0.6945 0 Td
(State,)Tj
2.3244 0 Td
(Me)Tj
0 Tc
0.815 0.0284 Td
()Tj
-0.025 Tc
0.3614 -0.0284 Td
(xico)Tj
-13.1103 -1.3748 Td
(\(Scholarshi)Tj
4.2094 0 Td
(p)Tj
0.6945 0 Td
(No.)Tj
1.5024 0 Td
(204397\))Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
3.3733 0 Td
(www.c)Tj
2.5582 0 Td
(onacyt.mx)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
4.3158 0 Td
(www.)Tj
-16.6536 -1.3748 Td
(siies.yucata)Tj
4.2874 0 Td
(n.gob.mx)Tj
0 g
(.)Tj
3.9614 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.7859 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.2606 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7079 0 Td
(funded)Tj
2.7851 0 Td
(by)Tj
-16.7883 -1.3748 Td
(the)Tj
1.3677 0 Td
(National)Tj
3.2386 0 Td
(Plan)Tj
1.8354 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.2544 0 Td
(Scientific)Tj
3.5717 0 Td
(Research,)Tj
-11.2678 -1.3748 Td
(Developmen)Tj
4.6417 0 Td
(t)Tj
0.4748 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(Technologi)Tj
4.0678 0 Td
(cal)Tj
1.2614 0 Td
(Innovati)Tj
2.9622 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.1693 0 Td
(of)Tj
-16.1646 -1.3748 Td
(Spain)Tj
2.3031 0 Td
(\(CGL2008-02701)Tj
6.4631 0 Td
(\),)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.7511 0 Td
(http://www)Tj
4.1103 0 Td
(.idi.mineco.)Tj
-13.6276 -1.3748 Td
(gob.es/)Tj
0 g
2.9622 0 Td
(Generalitat)Tj
4.174 0 Td
(Valenci)Tj
2.6434 0 Td
(ana,)Tj
1.7645 0 Td
(Spain)Tj
2.3032 0 Td
(\(Prometeo)Tj
-13.8473 -1.3749 Td
(Project)Tj
2.8204 0 Td
(2015/01)Tj
3.0898 0 Td
(8\),)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.226 0 Td
(www.gva.e)Tj
4.1032 0 Td
(s)Tj
0 g
0.6449 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(Ministry)Tj
3.2386 0 Td
(of)Tj
-16.7103 -1.3748 Td
(Economy)Tj
3.7134 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(Competitiv)Tj
3.9614 0 Td
(ity,)Tj
1.3181 0 Td
(Spain)Tj
2.3032 0 Td
(\(CGL2015-)Tj
-12.8835 -1.3748 Td
(71146\))Tj
2.8913 0 Td
(MINECO-FED)Tj
4.9749 0 Td
(ER,)Tj
1.5094 0 Td
(UE.)Tj
1.5024 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(funders)Tj
3.0473 0 Td
(had)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(no)Tj
-17.1001 -1.3748 Td
(role)Tj
1.6157 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.8858 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.2678 0 Td
(design,)Tj
2.8984 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.793 0 Td
(collection)Tj
3.7346 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(analysis,)Tj
-14.7827 -1.3748 Td
(decision)Tj
3.2882 0 Td
(to)Tj
0.9496 0 Td
(publish,)Tj
3.1465 0 Td
(or)Tj
0.9992 0 Td
(preparation)Tj
4.4433 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9496 0 Td
(the)Tj
-13.7764 -1.3748 Td
(manuscript.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0 -2.126 Td
(Competing)Tj
4.3795 0 Td
(interests)Tj
3.3307 0 Td
(:)Tj
/F10 1 Tf
0.4819 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.5875 0 Td
(authors)Tj
3.0401 0 Td
(have)Tj
1.963 0 Td
(declared)Tj
-14.7827 -1.3748 Td
(that)Tj
1.6228 0 Td
(no)Tj
1.1693 0 Td
(competing)Tj
4.1599 0 Td
(interests)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
67 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
68 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
69 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
70 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
71 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
72 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
73 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
74 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
75 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
76 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
77 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
78 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
79 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
80 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
81 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
82 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
83 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
84 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
85 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
86 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
87 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
88 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
89 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
90 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
91 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
92 0 obj
<>stream
BT
10.3394 -21.3733 Td
(exist.)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
93 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 13 0 R/Annots 94 0 R/Contents 95 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
94 0 obj
[96 0 R 97 0 R 98 0 R 99 0 R 100 0 R 101 0 R 102 0 R 103 0 R 104 0 R 105 0 R 106 0 R 107 0 R]
endobj
96 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref022)>>
endobj
97 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref029)>>
endobj
98 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref030)>>
endobj
99 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref018)>>
endobj
100 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref029)>>
endobj
101 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref032)>>
endobj
102 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref033)>>
endobj
103 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref018)>>
endobj
104 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref022)>>
endobj
105 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref030)>>
endobj
106 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.s002)>>
endobj
107 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 108 0 R>>
endobj
108 0 obj
<>
endobj
95 0 obj
[109 0 R 110 0 R 111 0 R 112 0 R 113 0 R 114 0 R 115 0 R 116 0 R 117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R]
endobj
109 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
331.3701 706.337 m
340.8378 706.337 l
h
f*
345.3165 706.337 m
354.8409 706.337 l
h
f*
359.263 706.337 m
368.7874 706.337 l
h
f*
481.4362 667.3323 m
490.9606 667.3323 l
h
f*
495.4394 667.3323 m
504.9071 667.3323 l
h
f*
510.1228 667.3323 m
519.5906 667.3323 l
h
f*
275.9244 641.3102 m
285.4488 641.3102 l
h
f*
252.7937 615.3449 m
262.2614 615.3449 l
h
f*
556.1008 537.3354 m
565.5118 537.3354 l
h
f*
200.0126 524.2961 m
209.3669 524.2961 l
h
f*
200.0126 255.1181 m
233.915 255.1181 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 707.4141 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(tend)Tj
2.0182 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(occur)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(same)Tj
2.2563 0 Td
(hosts)Tj
2.2791 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(22)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7348 0 Td
(29)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.3946 0 Td
(30)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.7405 0 Td
(Geometric)Tj
4.4673 0 Td
(morphometrics)Tj
6.4346 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.5421 0 Td
(already)Tj
3.1124 0 Td
(been)Tj
-33.2218 -1.3039 Td
(applied)Tj
3.1521 0 Td
(to)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0261 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.5581 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(explore)Tj
3.1691 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(correlation)Tj
4.6148 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.532 0 Td
(phenotypic)Tj
4.6998 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.804 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(attach-)Tj
-33.9361 -1.2982 Td
(ment)Tj
2.3073 0 Td
(organs)Tj
2.9084 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(factors)Tj
2.9026 0 Td
(such)Tj
2.0637 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(phylogeny,)Tj
4.5864 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(elucidate)Tj
3.7927 0 Td
(mechanisms)Tj
5.2044 0 Td
(determining)Tj
5.1817 0 Td
(phenotypic)Tj
-32.7172 -1.2983 Td
(buffering,)Tj
4.1328 0 Td
(character)Tj
3.9232 0 Td
(displacement,)Tj
5.7372 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(well)Tj
1.8199 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(discrimination)Tj
6.1285 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(18)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7404 0 Td
(29)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(32)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-28.3462 -1.2983 Td
(In)Tj
1.1111 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(present)Tj
3.1634 0 Td
(paper,)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(we)Tj
1.3266 0 Td
(evaluate)Tj
3.4639 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(relationship)Tj
4.9889 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.532 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(form)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(\(i.e.,)Tj
1.9275 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(combination)Tj
-31.4983 -1.3039 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(size\))Tj
2.0239 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(33)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8539 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(haptoral)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(phylogeny)Tj
4.3653 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(14)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.5581 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(the)Tj
-36.1244 -1.2982 Td
(Mediterranean)Tj
6.1851 0 Td
(Sea,)Tj
1.7745 0 Td
(Black)Tj
2.4037 0 Td
(Sea)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Sea)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Azov.)Tj
2.5002 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(question)Tj
3.6623 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(already)Tj
3.1068 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(addressed)Tj
4.1782 0 Td
(by)Tj
-35.3194 -1.2983 Td
(Khang)Tj
2.8686 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.9411 0 Td
(al.)Tj
1.1282 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(18)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8481 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(13)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.1679 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.5637 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8369 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(Malaysia,)Tj
3.9685 0 Td
(where)Tj
2.6532 0 Td
(strong)Tj
2.7723 0 Td
(correlation)Tj
4.6148 0 Td
(between)Tj
-31.6061 -1.3039 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.033 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(phylogeny)Tj
4.3653 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(found.)Tj
2.8459 0 Td
(However,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3867 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(geographically)Tj
-30.2284 -1.2983 Td
(constrained)Tj
4.9265 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(Malay)Tj
2.6815 0 Td
(Peninsula)Tj
4.1329 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(involved)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7122 0 Td
(host)Tj
1.9105 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(only.)Tj
2.1997 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(fact,)Tj
1.8878 0 Td
(their)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.109 0 Td
[()22()10()2()]TJ
-33.5506 -1.2983 Td
[(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
2.8856 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(distributed)Tj
4.5978 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(clades)Tj
2.6362 0 Td
(corresponding)Tj
6.0604 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(host)Tj
1.9105 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(and,)Tj
1.9559 0 Td
(therefore,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(it)Tj
0.7881 0 Td
(is)Tj
-35.6426 -1.3039 Td
(difficult)Tj
3.3505 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(determine)Tj
4.3257 0 Td
(whether,)Tj
3.702 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6476 0 Td
(extent,)Tj
2.9026 0 Td
(morphological)Tj
6.0605 0 Td
(differences)Tj
4.5637 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.532 0 Td
(the)Tj
-34.8659 -1.2982 Td
(two)Tj
1.7064 0 Td
(clades)Tj
2.6362 0 Td
(reflect)Tj
2.6929 0 Td
(phylogeny)Tj
4.3653 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0999 0 Td
(adaptation)Tj
4.4843 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(host)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(species.)Tj
-0.01 Tc
-18.7312 -1.2983 Td
(Our)Tj
1.8481 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3641 0 Td
(model)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8391 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3187 0 Td
(complex,)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(involving)Tj
3.9231 0 Td
(six)Tj
1.2983 0 Td
(host)Tj
1.8878 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9537 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(several)Tj
2.897 0 Td
(host-switches)Tj
5.5276 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(22)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
-35.2741 -1.3039 Td
(30)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(allowing)Tj
3.5716 0 Td
(testing)Tj
2.8403 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.313 0 Td
(elaborate)Tj
3.8155 0 Td
(hypotheses.)Tj
4.7791 0 Td
(For)Tj
1.6101 0 Td
(instance,)Tj
3.6964 0 Td
(if)Tj
0.7596 0 Td
(adaptation)Tj
4.4277 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(branchial)Tj
3.9232 0 Td
(mor-)Tj
-34.4634 -1.2983 Td
(phology)Tj
3.4015 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(host)Tj
1.8879 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9593 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0976 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6463 0 Td
(decisive)Tj
3.3222 0 Td
(driver)Tj
2.5965 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(haptoral)Tj
3.5093 0 Td
(morphology,)Tj
5.3007 0 Td
(it)Tj
0.7767 0 Td
(would)Tj
2.6816 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1395 0 Td
(expected)Tj
-33.7774 -1.2982 Td
(that)Tj
1.7517 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(form)Tj
2.1826 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(switched)Tj
3.6851 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9536 0 Td
(differs)Tj
2.7043 0 Td
(substantially)Tj
5.125 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.1826 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7518 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(closest)Tj
2.8006 0 Td
(phyloge-)Tj
-33.6753 -1.2983 Td
(netic)Tj
2.1486 0 Td
(relatives)Tj
3.4469 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1395 0 Td
(similar)Tj
2.9424 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7518 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0034 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.3188 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9536 0 Td
(occurring)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2586 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.457 0 Td
(same)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
(host)Tj
1.8879 0 Td
(species.)Tj
3.1747 0 Td
(Alter-)Tj
-34.52 -1.3039 Td
(natively,)Tj
3.5149 0 Td
(if)Tj
0.7653 0 Td
(phylogeny)Tj
4.3143 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0977 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(major)Tj
2.5795 0 Td
(determinant,)Tj
5.3348 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(morphology)Tj
5.0854 0 Td
(would)Tj
2.6815 0 Td
(remain)Tj
3.0501 0 Td
(relatively)Tj
-33.8681 -1.2983 Td
(constant)Tj
3.5886 0 Td
(within)Tj
2.7779 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4514 0 Td
(clade)Tj
2.245 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(will)Tj
1.6384 0 Td
(differ)Tj
2.3527 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.1827 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7518 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3187 0 Td
(distant)Tj
2.914 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9537 0 Td
(co-occurring)Tj
5.3347 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2643 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.4895 -1.2983 Td
(same)Tj
2.2336 0 Td
(host.)Tj
-0.004 Tc
-1.0374 -1.3039 Td
(In)Tj
1.1111 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6725 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(we)Tj
1.3266 0 Td
(specifically)Tj
4.5694 0 Td
(use)Tj
1.5364 0 Td
(tools)Tj
2.1373 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(geometric)Tj
4.2179 0 Td
(morphometrics)Tj
6.4346 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(can)Tj
1.627 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(applied)Tj
3.1521 0 Td
(in)Tj
-35.3194 -1.2982 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(phylomorphospace)Tj
7.8803 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7347 0 Td
(multivariate)Tj
5.057 0 Td
(statistical)Tj
3.9118 0 Td
(tests)Tj
1.9616 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9955 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4741 0 Td
(aim)Tj
1.7404 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(quantifying)Tj
4.8245 0 Td
(phyloge-)Tj
-33.063 -1.2983 Td
(netic)Tj
2.1769 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5455 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.6837 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(14)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.5581 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(order)Tj
-35.2911 -1.3039 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(determine)Tj
4.32 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(relative)Tj
3.1408 0 Td
(weights)Tj
3.2484 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(convergence)Tj
5.2328 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(shared)Tj
2.863 0 Td
(evolutionary)Tj
5.261 0 Td
(history,)Tj
3.2315 0 Td
(driving)Tj
-32.5358 -1.2983 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.0273 0 Td
(form)Tj
2.1997 0 Td
(within)Tj
2.812 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4626 0 Td
(genus.)Tj
2.7666 0 Td
(We)Tj
1.6101 0 Td
(illustrate)Tj
3.685 0 Td
(how)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4627 0 Td
(search)Tj
2.7609 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3776 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5342 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(morpho-)Tj
-33.9928 -1.2983 Td
(logical)Tj
2.8062 0 Td
(traits)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
(combined)Tj
4.2463 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(multivariate)Tj
5.0626 0 Td
(statistics)Tj
3.5887 0 Td
(can)Tj
1.627 0 Td
(improve)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(our)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(understanding)Tj
6.0718 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(evolu-)Tj
-33.8681 -1.2982 Td
(tionary)Tj
3.101 0 Td
(morphology)Tj
5.142 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(Monogenea)Tj
4.9663 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(parasites)Tj
3.6907 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(general.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 330.1795 cm
BT
/F3 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Materials)Tj
4.5071 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.989 0 Td
(methods)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
-6.4961 -1.4976 Td
(Ethics)Tj
2.9149 0 Td
(statement)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 295.2 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(fishes)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(needed)Tj
3.0954 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3868 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(obtained)Tj
3.736 0 Td
(within)Tj
2.812 0 Td
(day-to-day)Tj
4.5581 0 Td
(fishery)Tj
2.914 0 Td
(operations)Tj
4.456 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(pur-)Tj
-34.8942 -1.2982 Td
(chased)Tj
2.9139 0 Td
(dead)Tj
2.1374 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(licensed)Tj
3.4412 0 Td
(commercial)Tj
4.955 0 Td
(fishermen)Tj
4.2462 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0999 0 Td
(local)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(fish)Tj
1.6611 0 Td
(markets.)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(number)Tj
3.4186 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(fish)Tj
-34.6051 -1.3039 Td
(host)Tj
1.9105 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(\(77\))Tj
1.8482 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(kept)Tj
1.9558 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(reasonable)Tj
4.4788 0 Td
(minimum)Tj
4.2859 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(guarantee)Tj
4.1443 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(success)Tj
3.1011 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(research)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(\(see)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
-35.7049 -1.2983 Td
(S1)Tj
1.1678 0 Td
(Table)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
3.0104 0 Td
(Grey)Tj
2.1827 0 Td
(mullets)Tj
3.1464 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(locally)Tj
2.7779 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(globally)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(abundant)Tj
4.0478 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(not)Tj
1.576 0 Td
(subjected)Tj
3.9685 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(special)Tj
2.8913 0 Td
(con-)Tj
-35.4725 -1.2983 Td
(servation)Tj
3.8834 0 Td
(regulations)Tj
4.6715 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(Spain,)Tj
2.6873 0 Td
(Russia)Tj
2.7892 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(Ukraine,)Tj
3.7247 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(involved)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
[()29()10()-8()4()]TJ
6.8881 0 Td
[(\n)7()2(\r)10()6()11()12()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
-33.6073 -1.3039 Td
(L.,)Tj
1.2075 0 Td
(1758,)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(flathead)Tj
3.4015 0 Td
(grey)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(mullet,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
3.0047 0 Td
[()22()-3()]TJ
1.9163 0 Td
[( )-3()11()12()4()2( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
2.7892 0 Td
(\(Risso,)Tj
2.9027 0 Td
(1810\),)Tj
2.6872 0 Td
(leaping)Tj
3.1238 0 Td
(mullet,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
3.0047 0 Td
[()22()-3()]TJ
1.9162 0 Td
[()20()16()6()6()4()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.3108 0 Td
(\(Risso,)Tj
-33.5449 -1.2982 Td
(1827\),)Tj
2.6872 0 Td
(thinlip)Tj
2.8913 0 Td
(grey)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(mullet,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
3.0104 0 Td
[()22()-3()]TJ
1.9105 0 Td
[()16()12()20()22()11()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
2.8687 0 Td
(\(Risso,)Tj
2.9026 0 Td
(1810\),)Tj
2.6873 0 Td
(golden)Tj
2.9366 0 Td
(grey)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(mullet,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
3.0047 0 Td
[()1()6()15()4()11()]TJ
2.9707 0 Td
[()4()22()11()20()7( )10()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
-31.7421 -1.2983 Td
(\(Risso,)Tj
2.9026 0 Td
(1827\),)Tj
2.6872 0 Td
(thicklip)Tj
3.2655 0 Td
(grey)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(mullet,)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7348 0 Td
[()22()-3()]TJ
1.9106 0 Td
[()6()6()2()6()22()11()4(\n)13()6()2()4()4()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
5.8903 0 Td
(\(Temminck)Tj
4.972 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Schlegel,)Tj
3.6793 0 Td
(1845\),)Tj
-33.7093 -1.2983 Td
(so-iuy)Tj
2.6872 0 Td
(mulletare)Tj
4.9322 0 Td
(listed)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(IUCN)Tj
2.6986 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Least)Tj
2.6646 0 Td
(Concern.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 164.9763 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Sample)Tj
3.5716 0 Td
(composition)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 148.0251 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(We)Tj
1.61 0 Td
(based)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(our)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(morphological)Tj
6.0548 0 Td
(analysis)Tj
3.3278 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(286)Tj
1.6497 0 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.6488 0 Td
(belonging)Tj
4.1953 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(14)Tj
1.1736 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(16)Tj
1.1678 0 Td
(valid)Tj
2.1487 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
-36.3909 -1.3039 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.558 0 Td
(\(about)Tj
2.8347 0 Td
(23%)Tj
1.9275 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(known)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(genus\))Tj
2.8856 0 Td
(recorded)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(Mediterranean,)Tj
-29.1569 -1.2982 Td
(Black)Tj
2.398 0 Td
(Sea)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Sea)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Azov:)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.5058 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[()6(\n)1()12()18()12()6()22()7()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.8189 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Suriano,)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(1977;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.3471 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.558 0 Td
[(\n)7()2(\r)10()6()11()12()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
-34.7978 -1.2983 Td
(Rubtsova,)Tj
4.1555 0 Td
(Balbuena,)Tj
4.1442 0 Td
(Sarabeev,)Tj
3.9685 0 Td
(Blasco-Costa)Tj
5.3858 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Euzet,)Tj
2.6816 0 Td
(2006;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.3471 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.558 0 Td
[(\n)13()6()22()4()16()4()12()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.8381 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4492 0 Td
(and)Tj
-35.2571 -1.3039 Td
(Suriano,)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(1977;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.347 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[(\n)7()11()11()-8()-4( )10()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.566 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Suriano,)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(1977;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.347 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[()6()8()11()2()20()11()6(\n)13()18()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.8983 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(and)Tj
-36.0678 -1.2983 Td
(Suriano,)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(1977;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.347 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[()12()18()14()11()16( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.1748 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(Suriano,)Tj
3.5716 0 Td
(1977;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.3528 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[()6()6(\n)1()20()4(\n)7()10()10(\r)4()7( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
5.0229 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(and)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 337.096 745.7952 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Evolutio)Tj
3.4866 0 Td
(nary)Tj
2.1331 0 Td
(morpho)Tj
3.3307 0 Td
(logy)Tj
2.0197 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.978 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.2244 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.8914 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.8567 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.963 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
1.0417 0 Td
(Ligophorus)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
5.0741 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
81.5811 34.9228 m
237.8835 34.9228 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.4748 0 Td
(https://doi.or)Tj
5.4142 0 Td
(g/10.137)Tj
3.8198 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.01783)Tj
4.089 0 Td
(67)Tj
0 g
2.0906 0 Td
(May)Tj
2.0906 0 Td
(24,)Tj
1.5803 0 Td
(2017)Tj
35.2349 0 Td
(3)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
110 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
111 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
112 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
113 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
114 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
115 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
116 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
117 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
118 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
119 0 obj
<>stream
BT
66.402 0 Td
(15)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
120 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 13 0 R/Annots 122 0 R/Contents 123 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
122 0 obj
[124 0 R 125 0 R 126 0 R 127 0 R 128 0 R 129 0 R 130 0 R 131 0 R 132 0 R 133 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R 136 0 R 137 0 R 138 0 R 139 0 R 140 0 R 141 0 R 142 0 R 143 0 R]
endobj
124 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref034)>>
endobj
125 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref022)>>
endobj
126 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref027)>>
endobj
127 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref031)>>
endobj
128 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.s002)>>
endobj
129 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref032)>>
endobj
130 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref035)>>
endobj
131 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref032)>>
endobj
132 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref036)>>
endobj
133 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.s001)>>
endobj
134 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref037)>>
endobj
135 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref038)>>
endobj
136 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref032)>>
endobj
137 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.s001)>>
endobj
138 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref039)>>
endobj
139 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref040)>>
endobj
140 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref034)>>
endobj
141 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref035)>>
endobj
142 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref041)>>
endobj
143 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 144 0 R>>
endobj
144 0 obj
<>
endobj
123 0 obj
[145 0 R 146 0 R 147 0 R 148 0 R 149 0 R 150 0 R 151 0 R 152 0 R 153 0 R 154 0 R 155 0 R 156 0 R 157 0 R 158 0 R 159 0 R 160 0 R 161 0 R]
endobj
145 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
560.6362 563.3008 m
570.1606 563.3008 l
h
f*
548.3906 550.3181 m
557.915 550.3181 l
h
f*
200.0126 537.3354 m
209.537 537.3354 l
h
f*
214.6961 537.3354 m
224.2205 537.3354 l
h
f*
210.3307 485.348 m
244.2898 485.348 l
h
f*
519.4772 485.348 m
528.9449 485.348 l
h
f*
435.7984 413.6315 m
445.3228 413.6315 l
h
f*
454.8472 374.6268 m
464.3717 374.6268 l
h
f*
365.6693 322.6394 m
375.1937 322.6394 l
h
f*
372.8693 309.6 m
414.4252 309.6 l
h
f*
539.0362 296.6173 m
548.3906 296.6173 l
h
f*
304.4409 270.5953 m
313.852 270.5953 l
h
f*
244.9134 257.6126 m
254.3244 257.6126 l
h
f*
286.1291 244.6299 m
327.1748 244.6299 l
h
f*
296.3339 231.6472 m
305.7449 231.6472 l
h
f*
436.0252 218.6079 m
445.3795 218.6079 l
h
f*
238.2236 107.9433 m
247.748 107.9433 l
h
f*
229.8898 81.9213 m
239.3575 81.9213 l
h
f*
243.8362 81.9213 m
253.3606 81.9213 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 707.4141 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(Suriano,)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(1977;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.347 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[()6()7()12()14()11()2()-9()20()16()6()2()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
5.828 0 Td
(Sarabeev,)Tj
3.9685 0 Td
(Balbuena)Tj
3.9231 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(2005;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.3471 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[()18()12()18()]TJ
-35.2911 -1.3039 Td
[()18()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
1.8538 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Suriano,)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(1977;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.3471 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[( )10()4()4()22()7()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
2.7779 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(Suriano,)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(1977;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.3471 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[()3()16()17()4()2()6()]TJ
-33.9645 -1.2982 Td
[()4()2()18()12()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
2.1713 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Suriano,)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(1977;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.3471 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5637 0 Td
[()4()4()-5()3()15()4()15()-13()18()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.8381 0 Td
(Dmitrieva)Tj
4.2917 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.941 0 Td
(al.)Tj
1.1282 0 Td
(2007;)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.3471 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[(\r)11()4()4()2()13()2( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
-33.9418 -1.2983 Td
(Sarabeev)Tj
3.7417 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Balbuena,)Tj
4.1499 0 Td
(2004)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7291 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
4.5581 0 Td
[()16()13()-8()-4( )9()7()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.6623 0 Td
(Euzet)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Suriano,)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(1977.)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(sample)Tj
-33.579 -1.2983 Td
(size)Tj
1.6837 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(20)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.6488 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3889 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(20)Tj
1.1736 0 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.6488 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3889 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6646 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3959 0 Td
(\(not)Tj
-34.9963 -1.3039 Td
(necessarily)Tj
4.5354 0 Td
(matching)Tj
4.0024 0 Td
(specimens)Tj
4.3654 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(previous)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(group\),)Tj
3.1748 0 Td
(except)Tj
2.7666 0 Td
(in)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0375 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[()16()13()-8()-4( )9()7()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
3.8834 0 Td
(where)Tj
2.6532 0 Td
(only)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(4)Tj
-35.5008 -1.2982 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.6487 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(none)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(could)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(studied,)Tj
3.3789 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(so)Tj
1.0828 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.0331 0 Td
(was)Tj
-35.9544 -1.2983 Td
(left)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.5533 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(analysis)Tj
3.3278 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6724 0 Td
(species.)Tj
3.2202 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1111 0 Td
(all,)Tj
1.372 0 Td
(524)Tj
1.6441 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3959 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(studied)Tj
3.1521 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(which,)Tj
2.8799 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(238)Tj
-32.8419 -1.3039 Td
(instances,)Tj
4.1102 0 Td
(represented)Tj
4.9095 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6645 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3959 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(same)Tj
2.2563 0 Td
(worm)Tj
2.6022 0 Td
(individual.)Tj
-25.9538 -1.2983 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(present)Tj
3.1634 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3868 0 Td
(covers)Tj
2.7609 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(six)Tj
1.3096 0 Td
(grey)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(mullets)Tj
3.1464 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(reported)Tj
3.6623 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(host)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.5581 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(in)Tj
-35.8353 -1.2983 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Mediterranean,)Tj
6.4119 0 Td
(Black)Tj
2.3981 0 Td
(Sea)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Sea)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Azov,)Tj
2.5058 0 Td
(including)Tj
4.0422 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(so-iuy)Tj
2.6872 0 Td
(mullet)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.7836 0 Td
[()22()-3()]TJ
1.9106 0 Td
[()6()6()2()6()22()11()4(\n)13()6()2()4()4()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
-31.5267 -1.3039 Td
(which)Tj
2.6475 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(introduced)Tj
4.6431 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Black)Tj
2.3981 0 Td
(Sea)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Sea)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Azov)Tj
2.279 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(Pacific)Tj
2.8856 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(early)Tj
2.1487 0 Td
(1980s)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(34)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-34.5257 -1.2982 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(parasite)Tj
3.3278 0 Td
(specimens)Tj
4.3654 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(collected)Tj
3.7417 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(frame)Tj
2.5568 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(previous)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(studies)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(our)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(22)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
-34.4974 -1.2983 Td
(27)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(31)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
2.9763 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(marine)Tj
3.0841 0 Td
(areas)Tj
2.2393 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(Spanish)Tj
3.3506 0 Td
(Mediterranean)Tj
6.1851 0 Td
(Coast)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(\(the)Tj
1.8084 0 Td
(Ebro)Tj
2.1714 0 Td
(Delta,)Tj
2.5852 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Santa)Tj
-33.8511 -1.3039 Td
(Pola)Tj
1.9672 0 Td
(Bay\),)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6576 0 Td
(coastal)Tj
2.9197 0 Td
(Mediterranean)Tj
6.1851 0 Td
(lagoon)Tj
2.9254 0 Td
(\(L'Albufera\),)Tj
5.3631 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Sea)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Azov)Tj
2.2791 0 Td
(\(Kerch)Tj
2.982 0 Td
(Strait\).)Tj
2.931 0 Td
(In)Tj
-36.2265 -1.2983 Td
(addition,)Tj
3.821 0 Td
(part)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(specimens)Tj
4.3653 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[()4()4()-5()3()15()4()15()-13()18()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.8381 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7291 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[(\r)11()4()4()2()13()2( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.3449 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(collected)Tj
3.736 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Sea)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Japan)Tj
-35.3251 -1.2982 Td
(\(Artemovka)Tj
5.0456 0 Td
(Delta\),)Tj
2.9253 0 Td
(i.e.,)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(host's)Tj
2.4888 0 Td
(native)Tj
2.6476 0 Td
(area.)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(\(Geographical)Tj
5.8904 0 Td
(details)Tj
2.7779 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(localities)Tj
3.6964 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4456 0 Td
(given)Tj
-35.2797 -1.2983 Td
(in)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.0318 0 Td
(S1)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(Table)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(Gills)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(examined)Tj
4.1272 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(parasites)Tj
3.6907 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(per)Tj
1.5307 0 Td
(Rodr)Tj
0 Tc
1.9672 0.051 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.3289 -0.051 Td
(guez-Gonza)Tj
0 Tc
4.3823 0.051 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.4138 -0.051 Td
(lez)Tj
1.304 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.9411 0 Td
(al.)Tj
1.1282 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(32)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 457.6818 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Geometric)Tj
4.7905 0 Td
(morphometrics)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 211.9748 440.674 cm
BT
/F14 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(Morphological)Tj
6.3722 0 Td
(data)Tj
2.0409 0 Td
(acquisition)Tj
4.8472 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7915 0 Td
(landmarks)Tj
4.6715 0 Td
(superimposition.)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
7.9256 0 Td
(Only)Tj
2.2167 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
-32.5301 -1.2982 Td
(were)Tj
2.1202 0 Td
(considered)Tj
4.6035 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(geometric)Tj
4.2179 0 Td
(morphometrics)Tj
6.4346 0 Td
(techniques)Tj
4.5297 0 Td
(because)Tj
3.3222 0 Td
(they)Tj
1.9219 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(not)Tj
1.5704 0 Td
(subjected)Tj
3.9685 0 Td
(to)Tj
-35.5235 -1.2983 Td
(large)Tj
2.1599 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(due)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(contraction)Tj
4.8473 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0998 0 Td
(flattening)Tj
4.0365 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(fixation)Tj
3.2938 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(35)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(bars)Tj
1.8935 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(not)Tj
1.5761 0 Td
(studied)Tj
-32.6889 -1.2982 Td
(because)Tj
3.3165 0 Td
(they)Tj
1.9275 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(difficult)Tj
3.3562 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(observe)Tj
3.2655 0 Td
(flat)Tj
1.4853 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(prone)Tj
2.5852 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(distortion)Tj
4.1726 0 Td
(during)Tj
2.9254 0 Td
(fixation)Tj
-32.9497 -1.304 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(mounting.)Tj
4.4276 0 Td
(We)Tj
1.6101 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.058 0 Td
(photographs)Tj
5.2554 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(drawings)Tj
3.8778 0 Td
(only)Tj
1.9785 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(of)Tj
-34.8375 -1.2982 Td
(partly)Tj
2.5398 0 Td
(digested)Tj
3.5149 0 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.6488 0 Td
(following)Tj
3.9798 0 Td
(Rodr)Tj
0 Tc
1.9672 0.051 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.3289 -0.051 Td
(guez-Gonza)Tj
0 Tc
4.3823 0.051 Td
()Tj
-0.004 Tc
0.4138 -0.051 Td
(lez)Tj
1.304 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.9411 0 Td
(al.)Tj
1.1225 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(32)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(Any)Tj
1.9049 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.033 0 Td
(showing)Tj
-32.1616 -1.2983 Td
(apparent)Tj
3.7643 0 Td
(deformation,)Tj
5.4368 0 Td
(tear)Tj
1.7462 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0998 0 Td
(rupture)Tj
3.2542 0 Td
(\(about)Tj
2.8346 0 Td
(23%)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(initial)Tj
2.5455 0 Td
(sample\))Tj
3.3619 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(excluded)Tj
3.787 0 Td
(from)Tj
-34.4633 -1.3039 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(study.)Tj
-0.2721 -1.2983 Td
(To)Tj
1.3379 0 Td
(detect)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(outliers)Tj
3.2201 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(our)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(sample)Tj
3.0217 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(squared)Tj
3.3732 0 Td
(Mahalanobis)Tj
5.3745 0 Td
(distance)Tj
3.5036 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(plotted)Tj
3.0387 0 Td
(against)Tj
3.0274 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.5462 -1.2982 Td
(quantiles)Tj
3.8324 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(chi-squared)Tj
4.9436 0 Td
(distribution)Tj
4.9662 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(36)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(all,)Tj
1.3719 0 Td
(13)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(outliers)Tj
3.2258 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3903 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7347 0 Td
(13)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(out-)Tj
-35.8523 -1.304 Td
(liers)Tj
1.8878 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6645 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(identified)Tj
4.0592 0 Td
(\(see)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7688 0 Td
(S1)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(Dataset)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
-17.2572 -1.2982 Td
(A)Tj
-0.01 Tc
(nchor)Tj
3.2541 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6781 0 Td
(characterized)Tj
5.4822 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.3584 0 Td
(landmark-based)Tj
6.6217 0 Td
(geometric)Tj
4.1612 0 Td
(morphometrics)Tj
6.3609 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(37)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0466 0 Td
(We)Tj
-35.6142 -1.2983 Td
(digitized)Tj
3.6226 0 Td
(8)Tj
0.686 0 Td
(landmarks)Tj
4.4107 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0204 0 Td
(2D)Tj
1.423 0 Td
(covering)Tj
3.6283 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4514 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(surface)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(selected)Tj
3.2995 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(recorded)Tj
3.7474 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0069 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
-34.0381 -1.3039 Td
(using)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(tpsDig)Tj
2.8233 0 Td
(version)Tj
3.1011 0 Td
(2.17)Tj
1.8368 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(38)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8199 0 Td
(representing)Tj
5.159 0 Td
(homologous)Tj
5.125 0 Td
(points)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(\(see)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(Figure)Tj
2.7609 0 Td
(1)Tj
0.6803 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Rodr)Tj
0 Tc
1.9389 0.0567 Td
()Tj
-0.01 Tc
0.3231 -0.0567 Td
(guez-Gon-)Tj
-33.3408 -1.2983 Td
(za)Tj
0 Tc
0.4252 0.0511 Td
()Tj
-0.01 Tc
0.4082 -0.0511 Td
(lez)Tj
1.2868 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.9298 0 Td
(al.)Tj
1.1055 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(32)Tj
0 g
(]\).)Tj
2.3811 0 Td
(Generalized)Tj
4.9492 0 Td
(Procrustes)Tj
4.3654 0 Td
(analysis)Tj
3.2768 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(MorphoJ)Tj
3.8324 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6838 0 Td
(employed)Tj
4.0875 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(obtain)Tj
2.7496 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6463 0 Td
(matrix)Tj
-34.1629 -1.2982 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.449 0 Td
(coordinates)Tj
4.8246 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(S1)Tj
1.4966 0 Td
(Dataset)Tj
0 g
(\))Tj
3.498 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.177 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6248 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1282 0 Td
(information)Tj
5.006 0 Td
(related)Tj
2.9026 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(position,)Tj
3.668 0 Td
(scale)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(ori-)Tj
-35.5802 -1.2983 Td
(entation)Tj
3.4979 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0976 0 Td
(removed)Tj
3.702 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(39)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0523 0 Td
(Centroid)Tj
3.7757 0 Td
(size,)Tj
1.8822 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(summed)Tj
3.6624 0 Td
(squared)Tj
3.3278 0 Td
(distances)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9978 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0069 0 Td
(landmark)Tj
-32.2693 -1.3039 Td
(from)Tj
2.1713 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4456 0 Td
(centroid)Tj
3.5263 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9978 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.44 0 Td
(form)Tj
2.177 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6724 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0239 0 Td
(as)Tj
0.9978 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.635 0 Td
(measure)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9921 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.6555 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(40)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0352 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7575 0 Td
(matrix)Tj
2.829 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9977 0 Td
(Generalized)Tj
4.938 0 Td
(Pro-)Tj
-35.824 -1.2983 Td
(crustes)Tj
2.9423 0 Td
(Analysis)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(coordinates)Tj
4.8189 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9537 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7177 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6306 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3505 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.0976 0 Td
(subjected)Tj
3.9118 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Principal)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(Com-)Tj
-35.2287 -1.2982 Td
(ponent)Tj
3.0273 0 Td
(Analysis)Tj
3.5263 0 Td
(\(PCA\))Tj
2.7779 0 Td
(based)Tj
2.4435 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2642 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4514 0 Td
(covariation)Tj
4.6658 0 Td
(matrix.)Tj
3.0613 0 Td
(To)Tj
1.3267 0 Td
(visualize)Tj
3.5602 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4514 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.7474 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0204 0 Td
(shape,)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(we)Tj
-35.9997 -1.304 Td
(used)Tj
2.0352 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(first)Tj
1.7745 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(principal)Tj
3.7587 0 Td
(components)Tj
5.1137 0 Td
(\(PC1)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(PC2\).)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 151.9937 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Quantifying)Tj
5.2205 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.5921 0 Td
(influence)Tj
4.167 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0441 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.9795 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.3134 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.241 0 Td
(shape)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 134.9858 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(effects)Tj
2.7269 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.6838 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(interspecific)Tj
5.1023 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.5638 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8368 0 Td
(\(i.e.)Tj
1.7064 0 Td
(interspe-)Tj
-33.4145 -1.2982 Td
(cific)Tj
1.8878 0 Td
(allometry\))Tj
4.354 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(tested)Tj
2.5512 0 Td
(separately)Tj
4.1839 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6645 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(multivariate)Tj
5.057 0 Td
(regression)Tj
-33.4939 -1.2983 Td
(analyses)Tj
3.4809 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(34)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0749 0 Td
(We)Tj
1.6101 0 Td
(regressed)Tj
3.9515 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Procrustes)Tj
4.422 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(coordinates)Tj
4.8925 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(on)Tj
-36.1811 -1.3039 Td
(their)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(log-transformed)Tj
6.7351 0 Td
(centroid)Tj
3.5886 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.6838 0 Td
(\(logCS\))Tj
3.2598 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(means)Tj
2.8063 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6576 0 Td
(multivariate)Tj
5.0627 0 Td
(regression)Tj
4.3143 0 Td
(through)Tj
3.4469 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.858 -1.2983 Td
(origin)Tj
2.6475 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(35)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7348 0 Td
(41)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(Then,)Tj
2.5568 0 Td
(we)Tj
1.3266 0 Td
(mapped)Tj
3.4639 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(residuals)Tj
3.736 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6781 0 Td
(regression)Tj
4.32 0 Td
(onto)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(tree)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 337.096 745.7952 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Evolutio)Tj
3.4866 0 Td
(nary)Tj
2.1331 0 Td
(morpho)Tj
3.3307 0 Td
(logy)Tj
2.0197 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.978 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.2244 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.8914 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.8567 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.963 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
1.0417 0 Td
(Ligophorus)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
5.0741 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
81.5811 34.9228 m
237.8835 34.9228 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.4748 0 Td
(https://doi.or)Tj
5.4142 0 Td
(g/10.137)Tj
3.8198 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.01783)Tj
4.089 0 Td
(67)Tj
0 g
2.0906 0 Td
(May)Tj
2.0906 0 Td
(24,)Tj
1.5803 0 Td
(2017)Tj
35.2349 0 Td
(4)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
146 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
147 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
148 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
149 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
150 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
151 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
152 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
153 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
154 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
155 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
156 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
157 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
158 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
159 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
160 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
161 0 obj
<>stream
BT
66.402 0 Td
(15)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
162 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 13 0 R/Annots 164 0 R/Contents 165 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
164 0 obj
[166 0 R 167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 174 0 R 175 0 R 176 0 R 177 0 R 178 0 R 179 0 R 180 0 R 181 0 R 182 0 R 183 0 R 184 0 R 185 0 R]
endobj
166 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref042)>>
endobj
167 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref043)>>
endobj
168 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref027)>>
endobj
169 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref044)>>
endobj
170 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref036)>>
endobj
171 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref045)>>
endobj
172 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref046)>>
endobj
173 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref046)>>
endobj
174 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref008)>>
endobj
175 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref008)>>
endobj
176 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref047)>>
endobj
177 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref048)>>
endobj
178 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref049)>>
endobj
179 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref008)>>
endobj
180 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref050)>>
endobj
181 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.t001)>>
endobj
182 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.s003)>>
endobj
183 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.s004)>>
endobj
184 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.g001)>>
endobj
185 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 186 0 R>>
endobj
186 0 obj
<>
endobj
165 0 obj
[187 0 R 188 0 R 189 0 R 190 0 R 191 0 R 192 0 R 193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 196 0 R 197 0 R 198 0 R 199 0 R 200 0 R 201 0 R 202 0 R 203 0 R 204 0 R 205 0 R 206 0 R]
endobj
187 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
247.011 667.3323 m
256.5354 667.3323 l
h
f*
305.0646 654.3496 m
314.589 654.3496 l
h
f*
203.4142 559.1055 m
212.9386 559.1055 l
h
f*
355.578 520.1008 m
365.1024 520.1008 l
h
f*
395.6598 507.1181 m
405.1843 507.1181 l
h
f*
286.1291 455.1307 m
295.6535 455.1307 l
h
f*
300.0756 455.1307 m
309.6 455.1307 l
h
f*
458.4756 429.1087 m
468 429.1087 l
h
f*
561.3732 416.126 m
566.0787 416.126 l
h
f*
445.7197 403.1433 m
450.4819 403.1433 l
h
f*
454.9039 403.1433 m
464.4283 403.1433 l
h
f*
280.9701 364.1386 m
290.4945 364.1386 l
h
f*
295.4835 286.1291 m
305.0079 286.1291 l
h
f*
311.1307 273.1465 m
315.8929 273.1465 l
h
f*
396.1701 273.1465 m
405.6945 273.1465 l
h
f*
511.1433 185.8961 m
540.3402 185.8961 l
h
f*
234.1417 133.9087 m
243.7228 133.9087 l
h
f*
263.1685 133.9087 m
272.6929 133.9087 l
h
f*
469.1339 81.9213 m
488.6929 81.9213 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 707.4141 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(parasites.)Tj
3.9118 0 Td
(A)Tj
0.9071 0 Td
(large)Tj
2.1599 0 Td
(difference)Tj
4.201 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(original)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(datasets)Tj
3.3562 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(residuals)Tj
3.7417 0 Td
(would)Tj
2.7155 0 Td
(indi-)Tj
-35.0019 -1.3039 Td
(cate)Tj
1.7971 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(evolutionary)Tj
5.261 0 Td
(allometry)Tj
4.0195 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(important)Tj
4.2803 0 Td
(factor)Tj
2.5398 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(evolution)Tj
4.0025 0 Td
(in)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0375 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
-30.0017 -1.2982 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(effect)Tj
2.3641 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.6837 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(assessed)Tj
3.4696 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(independent)Tj
5.2781 0 Td
(contrast)Tj
3.4582 0 Td
(\(PIC\))Tj
-34.7978 -1.2983 Td
(correction)Tj
4.3596 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(42)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8539 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(order)Tj
2.4207 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(avoid)Tj
2.4094 0 Td
(incorrect)Tj
3.8551 0 Td
(interpretations)Tj
6.1568 0 Td
(due)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0204 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6577 0 Td
(violation)Tj
3.7474 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(assumption)Tj
-32.7229 -1.2983 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(independent)Tj
5.2725 0 Td
(sampling)Tj
3.8777 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(43)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(However,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(no)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(evidence)Tj
3.7134 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(allometry)Tj
4.0195 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(any)Tj
1.6554 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(PIC-corrected)Tj
-31.8952 -1.3039 Td
(analyses)Tj
3.4809 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7007 0 Td
(found)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(significant)Tj
4.388 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F13 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F15 1 Tf
0 Tc
1.1056 0 Td
(>)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
0.9921 0 Td
(0.3)Tj
1.4003 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(both)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(cases\))Tj
2.5625 0 Td
(and,)Tj
1.9559 0 Td
(therefore,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(effect)Tj
2.3698 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(evolutionary)Tj
-32.2297 -1.2982 Td
(allometry)Tj
4.0195 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7007 0 Td
(not)Tj
1.5704 0 Td
(further)Tj
3.0274 0 Td
(considered.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 603.2125 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Assessing)Tj
4.7244 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.7591 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.7921 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.9827 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.241 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.9103 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.8614 0 Td
(size)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 586.2047 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(Phylogenetic)Tj
5.3631 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5398 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(assessed)Tj
3.4752 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(mapping)Tj
3.7871 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6576 0 Td
(topology)Tj
3.7191 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3177 0 Td
(tree)Tj
1.7405 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(our)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(14)Tj
1.1678 0 Td
(spe-)Tj
-35.7786 -1.2982 Td
(cies)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.558 0 Td
(based)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(previous)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(published)Tj
4.1272 0 Td
(concatenated)Tj
5.5105 0 Td
(28S)Tj
1.6441 0 Td
(rDNA)Tj
2.7496 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(ITS1)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(phylogeny)Tj
-33.2048 -1.3039 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(27)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8481 0 Td
(onto)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4741 0 Td
(first)Tj
1.8028 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(principal)Tj
3.8097 0 Td
(component)Tj
4.8132 0 Td
(scores)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(size-corrected)Tj
5.8053 0 Td
(shape,)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(onto)Tj
-35.6822 -1.2983 Td
(logCS)Tj
2.5738 0 Td
(representing)Tj
5.2441 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.0273 0 Td
(size.)Tj
1.9106 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(required)Tj
3.6396 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(ancestral)Tj
3.7587 0 Td
(state)Tj
2.0353 0 Td
(reconstruction)Tj
6.0945 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(morpho-)Tj
-33.9645 -1.2983 Td
(metric)Tj
2.8232 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.9106 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3889 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(internal)Tj
3.3562 0 Td
(node)Tj
2.2281 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2755 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(tree)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(squared)Tj
3.3732 0 Td
(change-parsimony)Tj
7.6705 0 Td
(assuming)Tj
4.0025 0 Td
(a)Tj
-35.6539 -1.3039 Td
(Brownian-motion)Tj
7.455 0 Td
(model)Tj
2.7439 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(evolution)Tj
4.0025 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(44)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-14.02 -1.2982 Td
(Phylogenetic)Tj
5.3687 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5399 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(tested)Tj
2.5511 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(MorphoJ)Tj
3.8721 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(36)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(where)Tj
2.6476 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(sum)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(squared)Tj
3.3675 0 Td
(changes)Tj
3.4073 0 Td
(of)Tj
-35.1437 -1.2983 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(along)Tj
2.4208 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(branches)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(tree)Tj
1.7405 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(minimized)Tj
4.5751 0 Td
(over)Tj
1.9786 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(entire)Tj
2.5512 0 Td
(phylogeny.)Tj
4.5921 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(significance)Tj
-32.2013 -1.3039 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3235 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5398 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(established)Tj
4.5977 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1793 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(permutation)Tj
5.2327 0 Td
(test)Tj
1.6044 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6533 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(topology)Tj
3.7247 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(held)Tj
-34.418 -1.2983 Td
(constant)Tj
3.6396 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(principal)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(component)Tj
4.8132 0 Td
(scores)Tj
2.6645 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0239 0 Td
(taxon)Tj
2.4775 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(randomly)Tj
4.1272 0 Td
(permuted)Tj
4.1329 0 Td
(10,000)Tj
-34.401 -1.2983 Td
(times)Tj
2.3867 0 Td
(across)Tj
2.6816 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(tree)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(45)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7348 0 Td
(46)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-8.81 -1.2982 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(previous)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(analyses)Tj
3.4809 0 Td
(provided)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(values)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(tree)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(length)Tj
2.7269 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(inversely)Tj
3.7701 0 Td
(related)Tj
2.9423 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(the)Tj
-33.046 -1.3039 Td
(strength)Tj
3.5149 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(correlation)Tj
4.6148 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0998 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.6838 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(phylogeny)Tj
4.3653 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(46)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(addition,)Tj
3.821 0 Td
(due)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.24 -1.2983 Td
(current)Tj
3.1804 0 Td
(controversy)Tj
4.9436 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6475 0 Td
(method)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(appropriate)Tj
4.8812 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(evaluate)Tj
3.4582 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5455 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(8)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
-35.7956 -1.2983 Td
(we)Tj
1.3266 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(used)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.0579 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 257.9527 402.5196 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 271.7291 404.2204 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(,)Tj
0.4478 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6476 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(generalization)Tj
5.8677 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Blomberg's)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
4.7168 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
0.8617 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(8)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.2586 0 Td
(47)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.7405 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(main)Tj
2.2904 0 Td
(advantage)Tj
4.2406 0 Td
(of)Tj
-35.5405 -1.3039 Td
(this)Tj
1.6725 0 Td
(approach)Tj
3.9514 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(that,)Tj
2.0012 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(addition)Tj
3.5943 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(informing)Tj
4.303 0 Td
(whether)Tj
3.4752 0 Td
(there)Tj
2.2677 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6577 0 Td
(small)Tj
2.3244 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0998 0 Td
(large)Tj
2.16 0 Td
(amount)Tj
3.3562 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(sig-)Tj
-35.6369 -1.2982 Td
(nal)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(present)Tj
3.1634 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(data,)Tj
2.1372 0 Td
(they)Tj
1.9276 0 Td
(provide)Tj
3.2881 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(reference)Tj
3.9175 0 Td
(value)Tj
2.3074 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(departure)Tj
4.1158 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(Brownian-motion)Tj
-29.0549 -1.2983 Td
(model)Tj
2.744 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(evolution)Tj
3.9967 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(48)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.0806 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 304.7811 363.5149 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 320.7685 365.2157 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(=)Tj
0.7993 0 Td
(0)Tj
0.6917 0 Td
(indicates)Tj
3.77 0 Td
(no)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(signal,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.7666 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 473.4992 363.5149 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 489.4299 365.2157 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(=)Tj
0.7993 0 Td
(1)Tj
0.6973 0 Td
(corresponds)Tj
5.142 0 Td
(to)Tj
-35.5801 -1.3039 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5399 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7745 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(trait)Tj
1.8878 0 Td
(distribution)Tj
4.9663 0 Td
(perfectly)Tj
3.668 0 Td
(conforms)Tj
4.0478 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0204 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(Brow-)Tj
-34.3272 -1.2982 Td
(nian's)Tj
2.5908 0 Td
(model)Tj
2.744 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(trait)Tj
1.8935 0 Td
(evolution,)Tj
4.2236 0 Td
(values)Tj
2.6645 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 367.937 337.5496 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 383.8677 339.1937 cm
BT
/F15 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(<)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
0.9921 0 Td
(1)Tj
0.6973 0 Td
(correspond)Tj
4.7792 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0204 0 Td
(phenotypic)Tj
4.7055 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(is)Tj
-36.164 -1.2982 Td
(larger)Tj
2.5284 0 Td
(than)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(expected)Tj
3.7247 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5263 0 Td
(taxa)Tj
1.8539 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(same)Tj
2.2563 0 Td
(lineage,)Tj
3.2541 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7291 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 440.3338 324.5102 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 456.2645 326.211 cm
BT
/F15 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(>)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
0.9921 0 Td
(1)Tj
0.6973 0 Td
(indicates)Tj
3.77 0 Td
(stronger)Tj
3.566 0 Td
(simi-)Tj
-34.6504 -1.2982 Td
(larities)Tj
2.8857 0 Td
(among)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(closely)Tj
2.8857 0 Td
(related)Tj
2.9423 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(than)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(expected)Tj
3.719 0 Td
(under)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Brownian's)Tj
4.7394 0 Td
(model.)Tj
2.9707 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(signifi-)Tj
-34.0325 -1.3039 Td
(cance)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 241.285 298.5448 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 257.2724 300.1889 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7007 0 Td
(evaluated)Tj
3.9855 0 Td
(based)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(comparison)Tj
4.9776 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(observed)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(value)Tj
2.3074 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(those)Tj
2.3357 0 Td
(obtained)Tj
-33.0573 -1.2982 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(999)Tj
1.6498 0 Td
(randomizations)Tj
6.5252 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(49)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0749 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(calculation)Tj
4.5807 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(performed)Tj
4.4674 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0012 0 Td
(function)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
3.6284 0 Td
[(\r)10()24()2( )10()10()-8()6()11()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.8947 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
-34.7921 -1.2983 Td
(geomorph)Tj
4.3597 0 Td
(package)Tj
3.4128 0 Td
(v.3.0.1.)Tj
2.999 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(8)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.3776 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(R)Tj
0.839 0 Td
(version)Tj
3.1521 0 Td
(3.2.3)Tj
2.0977 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(50)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 247.9748 cm
BT
/F3 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Results)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
0 -1.4976 Td
(Phylogenetic)Tj
5.8724 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.7922 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.9827 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.2362 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.9103 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.8661 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.241 0 Td
(size)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 212.9952 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(PCA)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(based)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2755 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4741 0 Td
(covariance)Tj
4.507 0 Td
(matrix)Tj
2.8743 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(landmark)Tj
4.0989 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.9105 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(both)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6645 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
-34.0041 -1.2982 Td
(showed)Tj
3.2484 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(large)Tj
2.16 0 Td
(proportion)Tj
4.6318 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(contained)Tj
4.1953 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(relatively)Tj
3.8381 0 Td
(few)Tj
1.6158 0 Td
(dimensions,)Tj
5.0796 0 Td
(with)Tj
-35.3761 -1.3039 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(first)Tj
1.8085 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7064 0 Td
(PCs)Tj
1.8028 0 Td
(accounting)Tj
4.6658 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(over)Tj
1.9786 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(half)Tj
1.7178 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(total)Tj
2.0069 0 Td
(variance)Tj
3.5716 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(sample)Tj
3.0217 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(Table)Tj
2.7836 0 Td
(1)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
1.2585 0 Td
(The)Tj
-34.8148 -1.2983 Td
(first)Tj
1.8028 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(axes)Tj
1.9049 0 Td
(described)Tj
4.0478 0 Td
(68.9%)Tj
2.6305 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(52.1%)Tj
2.6305 0 Td
(%)Tj
0.9751 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(total)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(\(uncorrected)Tj
5.4028 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3889 0 Td
(size\))Tj
-35.0019 -1.2983 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(66.3%)Tj
2.6305 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(49.99%)Tj
3.1068 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(total)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(\(size-corrected\))Tj
6.4856 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
-32.2127 -1.2982 Td
(anchors,)Tj
3.6169 0 Td
(respectively)Tj
4.8869 0 Td
(\(eigenvalues)Tj
5.1307 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(variance)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(explained)Tj
4.0705 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(principal)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(component)Tj
4.8132 0 Td
(are)Tj
-34.8545 -1.3039 Td
(given)Tj
2.3754 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.0374 0 Td
(S2)Tj
0 g
1.1736 0 Td
(and)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7291 0 Td
(S3)Tj
0 g
1.1735 0 Td
(Tables\).)Tj
3.3676 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.0331 0 Td
(shapes)Tj
2.8459 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(our)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(sample)Tj
3.0217 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(distributed)Tj
4.5978 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(tan-)Tj
-35.5802 -1.2983 Td
(gent)Tj
1.9558 0 Td
(space)Tj
2.3755 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3889 0 Td
(both)Tj
2.058 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(anchors,)Tj
3.617 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6476 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(surrounded)Tj
4.9096 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(distant)Tj
2.9536 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(from)Tj
-34.9396 -1.2983 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(average)Tj
3.2258 0 Td
(shape.)Tj
-3.4979 -1.3039 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(molecular)Tj
4.2179 0 Td
(phylogeny)Tj
4.3653 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.5581 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(projected)Tj
3.9685 0 Td
(onto)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(morphospace)Tj
5.6295 0 Td
(defined)Tj
3.2258 0 Td
(by)Tj
-35.3534 -1.2983 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(first)Tj
1.8085 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7064 0 Td
(PCs)Tj
1.8028 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6703 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.0273 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8504 0 Td
(shown)Tj
2.8459 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.0375 0 Td
(Fig)Tj
1.4797 0 Td
(1)Tj
0 g
(.)Tj
0.9241 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(resulted,)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 337.096 745.7952 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Evolutio)Tj
3.4866 0 Td
(nary)Tj
2.1331 0 Td
(morpho)Tj
3.3307 0 Td
(logy)Tj
2.0197 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.978 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.2244 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.8914 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.8567 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.963 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
1.0417 0 Td
(Ligophorus)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
5.0741 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
81.5811 34.9228 m
237.8835 34.9228 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.4748 0 Td
(https://doi.or)Tj
5.4142 0 Td
(g/10.137)Tj
3.8198 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.01783)Tj
4.089 0 Td
(67)Tj
0 g
2.0906 0 Td
(May)Tj
2.0906 0 Td
(24,)Tj
1.5803 0 Td
(2017)Tj
35.2349 0 Td
(5)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
188 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
189 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
190 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
191 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
192 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
193 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
194 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
195 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
196 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
197 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
198 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
199 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
200 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
201 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
202 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
203 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
204 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
205 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
206 0 obj
<>stream
BT
66.402 0 Td
(15)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
207 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 13 0 R/Annots 211 0 R/Contents 212 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
211 0 obj
[213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R 216 0 R 217 0 R 218 0 R 219 0 R 220 0 R 221 0 R 222 0 R 223 0 R 224 0 R]
endobj
213 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.g001)>>
endobj
214 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.ref044)>>
endobj
215 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.g001)>>
endobj
216 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.g001)>>
endobj
217 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.g001)>>
endobj
218 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.g001)>>
endobj
219 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.g001)>>
endobj
220 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.g001)>>
endobj
221 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0178367.g002)>>
endobj
222 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Lpone.0178367.t001)>>
endobj
223 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 225 0 R>>
endobj
225 0 obj
<>
endobj
224 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 226 0 R>>
endobj
226 0 obj
<>
endobj
212 0 obj
[227 0 R 228 0 R 229 0 R 230 0 R 231 0 R]
endobj
227 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
237.3165 504.2268 m
256.8756 504.2268 l
h
f*
451.5591 426.2173 m
461.0835 426.2173 l
h
f*
470.0409 426.2173 m
489.6 426.2173 l
h
f*
553.7197 413.2346 m
566.3622 413.2346 l
h
f*
200.0126 400.1953 m
211.578 400.1953 l
h
f*
479.3953 387.2126 m
498.8976 387.2126 l
h
f*
485.6315 244.2331 m
512.0504 244.2331 l
h
f*
403.937 205.2283 m
429.3354 205.2283 l
h
f*
288.4535 153.1843 m
308.0126 153.1843 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 557.2913 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(respectively,)Tj
5.1079 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(tree)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(lengths)Tj
3.0898 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(0.045)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(0.024,)Tj
2.5739 0 Td
(measured)Tj
4.1045 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(units)Tj
2.2223 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(squared)Tj
3.3732 0 Td
(Procrustes)Tj
4.422 0 Td
(dis-)Tj
-34.8148 -1.2982 Td
(tance)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(along)Tj
2.4208 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(branches.)Tj
4.0422 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(deformation)Tj
5.2157 0 Td
(grids)Tj
2.211 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(showing)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(departure)Tj
4.1158 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.104 -1.3039 Td
(average)Tj
3.2258 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.033 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(shown.)Tj
-10.7602 -1.2983 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(projection)Tj
4.337 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(trees)Tj
2.0976 0 Td
(onto)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(morphospaces)Tj
5.9867 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
-32.5075 -1.2983 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(Fig)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(1)Tj
0 g
(\))Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(showed)Tj
3.2485 0 Td
(crossing)Tj
3.5262 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(branches)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(some)Tj
2.3301 0 Td
(evidence)Tj
3.7077 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(relatively)Tj
3.8437 0 Td
(long)Tj
1.9843 0 Td
(branches)Tj
-32.4678 -1.3039 Td
(between)Tj
3.5262 0 Td
(related)Tj
2.948 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()22()10()2()11(\r)10()6()11()-9()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
4.7849 0 Td
(However,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.5292 -1.2982 Td
(permutation)Tj
5.2327 0 Td
(tests)Tj
1.9615 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(PC)Tj
1.44 0 Td
(scores)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(revealed)Tj
3.5207 0 Td
(significant)Tj
4.3936 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3178 0 Td
(structure)Tj
3.8267 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(both)Tj
-34.2819 -1.2983 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6646 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3958 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F13 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F15 1 Tf
0 Tc
1.1055 0 Td
(<)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
0.9922 0 Td
(0.0001)Tj
2.8233 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(both)Tj
2.058 0 Td
(cases\).)Tj
2.7892 0 Td
(Likewise,)Tj
3.9062 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(K)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 476.4472 464.5984 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 492.3779 466.2992 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(values)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(signifi-)Tj
-34.0268 -1.3039 Td
(cantly)Tj
2.6249 0 Td
(greater)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(than)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(zero)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(\(ventral)Tj
3.3392 0 Td
(anchors:)Tj
3.617 0 Td
(K)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 372.2456 451.6157 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 388.233 453.2598 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(=)Tj
0.7993 0 Td
(0.93,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.0976 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
0.7654 0 Td
(=)Tj
0.7994 0 Td
(0.001;)Tj
2.5738 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(anchors:)Tj
3.617 0 Td
(K)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 528.2078 451.6157 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 544.1385 453.2598 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(=)Tj
0.7993 0 Td
(0.5,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
-35.2116 -1.2982 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
0.7653 0 Td
(=)Tj
0.7994 0 Td
(0.011\).)Tj
2.914 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(fact,)Tj
1.8878 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(both)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6645 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3959 0 Td
(clades)Tj
2.6362 0 Td
(occupied)Tj
3.8381 0 Td
(specific)Tj
3.1861 0 Td
(regions)Tj
3.1691 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(shape)Tj
-35.2059 -1.2983 Td
(space,)Tj
2.6022 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6532 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(indicative)Tj
4.1329 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(structure)Tj
3.8211 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(data)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(44)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8482 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(Fig)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(1)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
1.2643 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1055 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(anchors,)Tj
-33.8511 -1.2982 Td
(interspecific)Tj
5.0966 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(caused)Tj
2.914 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1848 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(position)Tj
3.4922 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(clades)Tj
2.6361 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(Fig)Tj
-35.0302 -1.304 Td
(1A)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
1.9445 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(clade)Tj
2.279 0 Td
(formed)Tj
3.1521 0 Td
(by)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.1849 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[(\n)7()11()11()-8()-4( )10()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
3.7871 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[( )10()4()4()22()7()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
2.7779 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7291 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[()16()13()-8()-4( )9()7()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.6567 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(characterized)Tj
5.5615 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(long)Tj
-34.3103 -1.2982 Td
(point,)Tj
2.5851 0 Td
(short)Tj
2.2848 0 Td
(shaft)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(long)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(inner)Tj
2.3754 0 Td
(root)Tj
1.9048 0 Td
(\(see)Tj
1.7689 0 Td
(parts)Tj
2.1996 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3959 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(insert)Tj
2.4888 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.0375 0 Td
(Fig)Tj
1.4796 0 Td
(1)Tj
0 g
(\),)Tj
1.2586 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(three)Tj
2.2677 0 Td
(species)Tj
-34.4123 -1.2983 Td
(occur)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2755 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(hosts)Tj
2.2734 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F13 1 Tf
[()22()-3()]TJ
2.2563 0 Td
[()20()16()6()6()4()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
3.5377 0 Td
[()22()-3()]TJ
1.9105 0 Td
[()16()12()20()22()11()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
2.8686 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7292 0 Td
[()1()6()15()4()11()]TJ
2.9707 0 Td
[()4()22()11()20()7( )10()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
3.6566 0 Td
(respectively\).)Tj
5.4481 0 Td
(A)Tj
-36.0847 -1.3039 Td
(second)Tj
3.0103 0 Td
(clade)Tj
2.2734 0 Td
(formed)Tj
3.1578 0 Td
(by)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.1849 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9694 0 Td
[(\n)7()2(\r)10()6()11()12()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
3.1805 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[(\n)13()6()22()4()16()4()12()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.8381 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7291 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[()6()7()12()14()11()2()-9()20()16()6()2()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
5.828 0 Td
(from)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.2053 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.3153 0 Td
[(\n)7()2(\r)10()6()11()12()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
3.77 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7347 0 Td
(by)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
-36.147 -1.2983 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9694 0 Td
[(\r)11()4()4()2()13()2( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.3505 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7292 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[()4()4()-5()3()15()4()15()-13()18()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.8381 0 Td
(from)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.2053 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.389 0 Td
[()6()6()2()6()22()11()4(\n)13()6()2()4()4()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
5.8903 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(characterized)Tj
5.5559 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(large)Tj
2.1656 0 Td
(outer)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(roots)Tj
2.2619 0 Td
(and)Tj
-35.5574 -1.2982 Td
(short)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(points.)Tj
2.9423 0 Td
(Within)Tj
3.0954 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6725 0 Td
(clade)Tj
2.279 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3903 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(on)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.2756 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.3152 0 Td
[(\n)7()2(\r)10()6()11()12()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.549 0 Td
(could)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(distinguished)Tj
-30.8861 -1.304 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(those)Tj
2.3357 0 Td
(occurring)Tj
4.1273 0 Td
(on)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.2755 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.3833 0 Td
[()6()6()2()6()22()11()4(\n)13()6()2()4()4()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
5.8961 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(larger)Tj
2.5342 0 Td
(outer)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(roots.)Tj
2.4888 0 Td
(Two)Tj
2.024 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(clades)Tj
2.6362 0 Td
(com-)Tj
-34.2479 -1.2982 Td
(prising)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
3.016 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[()12()18()14()11()16( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
3.1748 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7291 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9695 0 Td
[()6()8()11()2()20()11()6(\n)13()18()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
5.125 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7348 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9694 0 Td
[()6(\n)1()12()18()12()6()22()7()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
4.8189 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7348 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9694 0 Td
[()18()12()18()12()18()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
3.9231 0 Td
(together)Tj
3.532 0 Td
(with)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.0011 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
-34.673 -1.2983 Td
[()6()6(\n)1()20()4(\n)7()10()10(\r)4()7( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
5.0229 0 Td
(exhibited)Tj
3.9288 0 Td
(elongated)Tj
4.0932 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9934 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3959 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(short)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(points,)Tj
2.948 0 Td
(relatively)Tj
3.8381 0 Td
(short)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(inner)Tj
2.381 0 Td
(and)Tj
-35.1663 -1.2982 Td
(outer)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(roots)Tj
2.2621 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(long)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(shafts.)Tj
2.7156 0 Td
(These)Tj
2.5682 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(found)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(on)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.2756 0 Td
[()22()-3()]TJ
1.9106 0 Td
[( )-3()11()12()4()2( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
3.016 0 Td
(except)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.7723 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9694 0 Td
[()12()18()14()11()16( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
3.4016 0 Td
(that)Tj
-34.0212 -1.304 Td
(occurs)Tj
2.8346 0 Td
(on)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.2756 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.3833 0 Td
[()20()16()6()6()4()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
3.5376 0 Td
(Finally,)Tj
3.1748 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3903 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[()3()16()17()4()2()6()7()4()2()18()12()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
5.4084 0 Td
(occurring)Tj
4.1216 0 Td
(on)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.2756 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.3888 0 Td
[()16()12()20()22()11()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
-34.7467 -1.2982 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(intermediate)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.532 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7744 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(last)Tj
1.5591 0 Td
(five)Tj
1.6497 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.4684 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
0.9751 0 Td
[(\n)7()11()11()-8()-4( )10()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
4.8132 0 Td
[()16()13()-8()-4( )9()7()-4( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
-31.9519 -1.2983 Td
(clade,)Tj
2.5001 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6476 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8503 0 Td
(consistent)Tj
4.2577 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9955 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(position)Tj
3.4923 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6781 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(Fig)Tj
1.8199 0 Td
(1A)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
1.9445 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(contrast)Tj
3.4638 0 Td
(to)Tj
-36.5609 -1.3039 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3959 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(although)Tj
3.7531 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(spatial)Tj
2.778 0 Td
(arrangement)Tj
5.3631 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(clades)Tj
2.6305 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(morphospace)Tj
5.6296 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7007 0 Td
(very)Tj
-34.9622 -1.2983 Td
(similar,)Tj
3.2088 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6646 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3959 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(unpredictable)Tj
5.7373 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(deformation)Tj
5.2157 0 Td
(grids)Tj
-34.0665 -1.2982 Td
(showed)Tj
3.2485 0 Td
(quite)Tj
2.245 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.6566 0 Td
(patterns)Tj
3.4696 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9525 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(level)Tj
2.0126 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(Fig)Tj
1.8199 0 Td
(1B)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(As)Tj
1.2642 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6576 0 Td
(result,)Tj
2.6703 0 Td
(specific)Tj
3.1918 0 Td
(shapes)Tj
2.8459 0 Td
(could)Tj
-34.3443 -1.304 Td
(not)Tj
1.5704 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1508 0 Td
(clearly)Tj
2.8233 0 Td
(associated)Tj
4.2519 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(particular)Tj
4.1102 0 Td
(clades.)Tj
-14.7117 -1.2982 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(phylogeny)Tj
4.3653 0 Td
(projected)Tj
3.9685 0 Td
(onto)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(first)Tj
1.8084 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7065 0 Td
(dimensions)Tj
4.8529 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(allometry-free)Tj
5.879 0 Td
(\(size-cor-)Tj
-31.5947 -1.2983 Td
(rected\))Tj
3.0274 0 Td
(PCA)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(morphospace)Tj
5.6296 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.033 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(yielded)Tj
3.0897 0 Td
(tree)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(length)Tj
2.7326 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(0.02)Tj
1.8708 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
-33.8681 -1.3039 Td
(anchors,)Tj
3.617 0 Td
(respectively)Tj
4.8869 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(Fig)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(2)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
1.2586 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(highly)Tj
2.7042 0 Td
(significant)Tj
4.388 0 Td
(multivariate)Tj
5.0627 0 Td
(regression)Tj
4.3199 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Procrustes)Tj
4.4219 0 Td
(coor-)Tj
-35.2796 -1.2983 Td
(dinates)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(logCS)Tj
2.5795 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F13 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F15 1 Tf
0 Tc
1.1055 0 Td
(<)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
0.9921 0 Td
(0.001\))Tj
2.6872 0 Td
(provided)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(evidence)Tj
3.7134 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(allometric)Tj
4.2576 0 Td
(relationships)Tj
5.3461 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(shape)Tj
-33.7717 -1.2982 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.6838 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(both)Tj
2.058 0 Td
(types)Tj
2.2733 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(anchors.)Tj
3.6227 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(relationship)Tj
4.989 0 Td
(accounted)Tj
4.337 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(9.2%)Tj
2.1543 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(4.9%)Tj
2.1543 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(total)Tj
-34.6334 -1.2983 Td
(shape)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(variation)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
3.3902 0 Td
(respectively.)Tj
5.1137 0 Td
(Again)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3177 0 Td
(signal)Tj
2.5455 0 Td
(was)Tj
-33.681 -1.3039 Td
(highly)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(significant)Tj
4.388 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F13 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F15 1 Tf
0 Tc
1.1055 0 Td
(<)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
0.9921 0 Td
(0.0001)Tj
2.8233 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.7291 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
0.771 0 Td
(=)Tj
0.7994 0 Td
(0.0015)Tj
2.8233 0 Td
(respectively\).)Tj
5.4481 0 Td
(According)Tj
4.4391 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(phylogenetic)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(sig-)Tj
-35.8466 -1.2983 Td
(nal)Tj
1.4456 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(K)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 241.1716 87.6472 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 257.159 89.2913 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(\(size-corrected\),)Tj
6.7123 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(results)Tj
2.8063 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(significant)Tj
4.388 0 Td
(\(ventral:)Tj
3.5603 0 Td
(K)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 474.5196 87.6472 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()18()4()14()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 490.4503 89.2913 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(=)Tj
0.805 0 Td
(0.76,)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.0976 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
0.7654 0 Td
(=)Tj
0.7993 0 Td
(0.001;)Tj
ET
Q
q
0.45 0.36 0.35 0.01 k
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 694.3893 m
576 694.3893 l
576 693.8892 l
36 693.8892 l
f*
120.2247 693.8892 m
120.2247 681.3893 l
119.7247 681.3893 l
119.7247 693.8892 l
f*
119.7247 681.3893 m
36 681.3893 l
36 681.8893 l
119.7247 681.8893 l
f*
348.3618 693.8892 m
348.3618 681.3893 l
347.8618 681.3893 l
347.8618 693.8892 l
f*
347.8618 681.3893 m
120.2247 681.3893 l
120.2247 681.8893 l
347.8618 681.8893 l
f*
575.9989 681.3893 m
348.3618 681.3893 l
348.3618 681.8893 l
575.9989 681.8893 l
f*
120.2247 681.3893 m
120.2247 668.8894 l
119.7247 668.8894 l
119.7247 681.3893 l
f*
119.7247 668.8894 m
36 668.8894 l
36 669.3894 l
119.7247 669.3894 l
f*
221.654 681.3893 m
221.654 668.8894 l
221.154 668.8894 l
221.154 681.3893 l
f*
221.154 668.8894 m
120.2247 668.8894 l
120.2247 669.3894 l
221.154 669.3894 l
f*
348.3618 681.3893 m
348.3618 668.8894 l
347.8618 668.8894 l
347.8618 681.3893 l
f*
347.8618 668.8894 m
221.654 668.8894 l
221.654 669.3894 l
347.8618 669.3894 l
f*
449.7911 681.3893 m
449.7911 668.8894 l
449.2911 668.8894 l
449.2911 681.3893 l
f*
449.2911 668.8894 m
348.3618 668.8894 l
348.3618 669.3894 l
449.2911 669.3894 l
f*
575.9989 668.8894 m
449.7911 668.8894 l
449.7911 669.3894 l
575.9989 669.3894 l
f*
120.2247 668.8894 m
120.2247 656.3894 l
119.7247 656.3894 l
119.7247 668.8894 l
f*
119.7247 656.3894 m
36 656.3894 l
36 656.8894 l
119.7247 656.8894 l
f*
221.654 668.8894 m
221.654 656.3894 l
221.154 656.3894 l
221.154 668.8894 l
f*
221.154 656.3894 m
120.2247 656.3894 l
120.2247 656.8894 l
221.154 656.8894 l
f*
348.3618 668.8894 m
348.3618 656.3894 l
347.8618 656.3894 l
347.8618 668.8894 l
f*
347.8618 656.3894 m
221.654 656.3894 l
221.654 656.8894 l
347.8618 656.8894 l
f*
449.7911 668.8894 m
449.7911 656.3894 l
449.2911 656.3894 l
449.2911 668.8894 l
f*
449.2911 656.3894 m
348.3618 656.3894 l
348.3618 656.8894 l
449.2911 656.8894 l
f*
575.9989 656.3894 m
449.7911 656.3894 l
449.7911 656.8894 l
575.9989 656.8894 l
f*
120.2247 656.3894 m
120.2247 643.8895 l
119.7247 643.8895 l
119.7247 656.3894 l
f*
119.7247 643.8895 m
36 643.8895 l
36 644.3895 l
119.7247 644.3895 l
f*
221.654 656.3894 m
221.654 643.8895 l
221.154 643.8895 l
221.154 656.3894 l
f*
221.154 643.8895 m
120.2247 643.8895 l
120.2247 644.3895 l
221.154 644.3895 l
f*
348.3618 656.3894 m
348.3618 643.8895 l
347.8618 643.8895 l
347.8618 656.3894 l
f*
347.8618 643.8895 m
221.654 643.8895 l
221.654 644.3895 l
347.8618 644.3895 l
f*
449.7911 656.3894 m
449.7911 643.8895 l
449.2911 643.8895 l
449.2911 656.3894 l
f*
449.2911 643.8895 m
348.3618 643.8895 l
348.3618 644.3895 l
449.2911 644.3895 l
f*
575.9989 643.8895 m
449.7911 643.8895 l
449.7911 644.3895 l
575.9989 644.3895 l
f*
120.2247 643.8895 m
120.2247 631.3895 l
119.7247 631.3895 l
119.7247 643.8895 l
f*
119.7247 631.3895 m
36 631.3895 l
36 631.8896 l
119.7247 631.8896 l
f*
221.654 643.8895 m
221.654 631.3895 l
221.154 631.3895 l
221.154 643.8895 l
f*
221.154 631.3895 m
120.2247 631.3895 l
120.2247 631.8896 l
221.154 631.8896 l
f*
348.3618 643.8895 m
348.3618 631.3895 l
347.8618 631.3895 l
347.8618 643.8895 l
f*
347.8618 631.3895 m
221.654 631.3895 l
221.654 631.8896 l
347.8618 631.8896 l
f*
449.7911 643.8895 m
449.7911 631.3895 l
449.2911 631.3895 l
449.2911 643.8895 l
f*
449.2911 631.3895 m
348.3618 631.3895 l
348.3618 631.8896 l
449.2911 631.8896 l
f*
575.9989 631.3895 m
449.7911 631.3895 l
449.7911 631.8896 l
575.9989 631.8896 l
f*
120.2247 631.3895 m
120.2247 618.8896 l
119.7247 618.8896 l
119.7247 631.3895 l
f*
119.7247 618.8896 m
36 618.8896 l
36 619.3896 l
119.7247 619.3896 l
f*
221.654 631.3895 m
221.654 618.8896 l
221.154 618.8896 l
221.154 631.3895 l
f*
221.154 618.8896 m
120.2247 618.8896 l
120.2247 619.3896 l
221.154 619.3896 l
f*
348.3618 631.3895 m
348.3618 618.8896 l
347.8618 618.8896 l
347.8618 631.3895 l
f*
347.8618 618.8896 m
221.654 618.8896 l
221.654 619.3896 l
347.8618 619.3896 l
f*
449.7911 631.3895 m
449.7911 618.8896 l
449.2911 618.8896 l
449.2911 631.3895 l
f*
449.2911 618.8896 m
348.3618 618.8896 l
348.3618 619.3896 l
449.2911 619.3896 l
f*
575.9989 618.8896 m
449.7911 618.8896 l
449.7911 619.3896 l
575.9989 619.3896 l
f*
120.2247 618.8896 m
120.2247 606.3897 l
119.7247 606.3897 l
119.7247 618.8896 l
f*
119.7247 606.3897 m
36 606.3897 l
36 606.8897 l
119.7247 606.8897 l
f*
221.654 618.8896 m
221.654 606.3897 l
221.154 606.3897 l
221.154 618.8896 l
f*
221.154 606.3897 m
120.2247 606.3897 l
120.2247 606.8897 l
221.154 606.8897 l
f*
348.3618 618.8896 m
348.3618 606.3897 l
347.8618 606.3897 l
347.8618 618.8896 l
f*
347.8618 606.3897 m
221.654 606.3897 l
221.654 606.8897 l
347.8618 606.8897 l
f*
449.7911 618.8896 m
449.7911 606.3897 l
449.2911 606.3897 l
449.2911 618.8896 l
f*
449.2911 606.3897 m
348.3618 606.3897 l
348.3618 606.8897 l
449.2911 606.8897 l
f*
575.9989 606.3897 m
449.7911 606.3897 l
449.7911 606.8897 l
575.9989 606.8897 l
f*
120.2247 606.3897 m
120.2247 593.8897 l
119.7247 593.8897 l
119.7247 606.3897 l
f*
119.7247 593.8897 m
36 593.8897 l
36 594.3898 l
119.7247 594.3898 l
f*
221.654 606.3897 m
221.654 593.8897 l
221.154 593.8897 l
221.154 606.3897 l
f*
221.154 593.8897 m
120.2247 593.8897 l
120.2247 594.3898 l
221.154 594.3898 l
f*
348.3618 606.3897 m
348.3618 593.8897 l
347.8618 593.8897 l
347.8618 606.3897 l
f*
347.8618 593.8897 m
221.654 593.8897 l
221.654 594.3898 l
347.8618 594.3898 l
f*
449.7911 606.3897 m
449.7911 593.8897 l
449.2911 593.8897 l
449.2911 606.3897 l
f*
449.2911 593.8897 m
348.3618 593.8897 l
348.3618 594.3898 l
449.2911 594.3898 l
f*
575.9989 593.8897 m
449.7911 593.8897 l
449.7911 594.3898 l
575.9989 594.3898 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
36 580.8189 m
186.7465 580.8189 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 708.7181 cm
BT
/F3 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Table)Tj
2.7992 0 Td
(1.)Tj
1.2614 0 Td
(PCA)Tj
2.3032 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.1551 0 Td
(variation)Tj
4.33 0 Td
(among)Tj
3.4653 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(shapes)Tj
3.6142 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.1552 0 Td
(species)Tj
3.8339 0 Td
(mean)Tj
2.7921 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.5378 0 Td
(ventral)Tj
3.4441 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.9772 0 Td
(dorsal)Tj
3.1819 0 Td
(anchors)Tj
4.0607 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F16 1 Tf
1.1551 0 Td
(Ligoph)Tj
3.3095 0 Td
(orus)Tj
/F3 1 Tf
2.3599 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
2.2606 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.5307 0 Td
(original)Tj
3.7914 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.9843 0 Td
(size-corr)Tj
4.0961 0 Td
(ected)Tj
-63.0997 -1.1905 Td
(shape.)Tj
0 Tc
20.7143 -1.8496 Td
(Size-uncorr)Tj
5.4851 0 Td
(ected)Tj
23.6482 0 Td
(Size-cor)Tj
3.8693 0 Td
(rected)Tj
-53.7169 -1.5662 Td
(Anchor)Tj
14.2016 0 Td
(Eigenvalue)Tj
12.6781 0 Td
(Total)Tj
2.6221 0 Td
(variance)Tj
4.259 0 Td
(\(%\))Tj
8.9576 0 Td
(Eigenvalue)Tj
12.6851 0 Td
(Total)Tj
2.615 0 Td
(variance)Tj
4.2591 0 Td
(\(%\))Tj
/F0 1 Tf
-62.2776 -1.5591 Td
(Ventral)Tj
0.9212 -1.5661 Td
(PC1)Tj
13.7269 0 Td
(1.23)Tj
/F17 1 Tf
2.1614 0 Td
()Tj
/F0 1 Tf
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.3325 181.4173 650.4377 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[( )]TJ
/F0 1 Tf
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 277.0582 646.8661 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(55.7)Tj
13.0323 0 Td
(1.07)Tj
/F17 1 Tf
2.1615 0 Td
()Tj
/F0 1 Tf
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.3325 409.5496 650.4377 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[( )]TJ
/F0 1 Tf
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 505.1905 646.8661 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(53.7)Tj
-57.728 -1.559 Td
(PC2)Tj
13.7269 0 Td
(2.90)Tj
/F17 1 Tf
2.1615 0 Td
()Tj
/F0 1 Tf
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.3325 181.4173 637.9653 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[( )]TJ
/F0 1 Tf
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 277.0582 634.3937 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(13.1)Tj
13.0323 0 Td
(2.52)Tj
/F17 1 Tf
2.1615 0 Td
()Tj
/F0 1 Tf
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.3325 409.5496 637.9653 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[( )]TJ
/F0 1 Tf
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 505.1905 634.3937 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(12.7)Tj
-58.6492 -1.5661 Td
(Dorsal)Tj
0.9212 -1.5591 Td
(PC1)Tj
13.7269 0 Td
(5.08)Tj
/F17 1 Tf
2.1615 0 Td
()Tj
/F0 1 Tf
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.3325 181.4173 612.9637 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[( )]TJ
/F0 1 Tf
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 277.0582 609.3921 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(35.8)Tj
13.0323 0 Td
(4.85)Tj
/F17 1 Tf
2.1615 0 Td
()Tj
/F0 1 Tf
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.3325 409.5496 612.9637 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[( )]TJ
/F0 1 Tf
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 505.1905 609.3921 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(33.4)Tj
-57.728 -1.5661 Td
(PC2)Tj
13.7269 0 Td
(2.20)Tj
/F17 1 Tf
2.1615 0 Td
()Tj
/F0 1 Tf
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.3325 181.4173 600.4346 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[( )]TJ
/F0 1 Tf
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 277.0582 596.8629 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(16.3)Tj
13.0323 0 Td
(2.04)Tj
/F17 1 Tf
2.1615 0 Td
()Tj
/F0 1 Tf
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.3325 409.5496 600.4346 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[( )]TJ
/F0 1 Tf
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 505.1905 596.8629 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(16.5)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
/F10 1 Tf
-0.025 Tc
-58.6492 -1.8708 Td
(https://do)Tj
3.5575 0 Td
(i.org/10.1371/j)Tj
5.4425 0 Td
(ournal.pone)Tj
4.4079 0 Td
(.0178367.t001)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 337.096 745.7952 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Evolutio)Tj
3.4866 0 Td
(nary)Tj
2.1331 0 Td
(morpho)Tj
3.3307 0 Td
(logy)Tj
2.0197 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.978 0 Td
(anchor)Tj
3.2244 0 Td
(shape)Tj
2.8914 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.8567 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.963 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
1.0417 0 Td
(Ligophorus)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
5.0741 0 Td
(spp.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
81.5811 34.9228 m
237.8835 34.9228 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.4748 0 Td
(https://doi.or)Tj
5.4142 0 Td
(g/10.137)Tj
3.8198 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.01783)Tj
4.089 0 Td
(67)Tj
0 g
2.0906 0 Td
(May)Tj
2.0906 0 Td
(24,)Tj
1.5803 0 Td
(2017)Tj
35.2349 0 Td
(6)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
228 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
229 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
230 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
231 0 obj
<>stream
BT
66.402 0 Td
(15)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
232 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 13 0 R/Annots 234 0 R/Contents 235 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
233 0 obj
<>stream
xTT7w)*{]{MS,QcWDT{{ue`fozI?&pΜ0wuX `, X `, X `, X `, X"@'>pϝ?sӟ Jl$NdƦS_}ky95{a, X `, X |$t*@)I"i~epL{r 3+ASRa, X `, X |i
v_.CP4UQJ>M]+GQ^ X `, X `,'Tt{LXze9gEU'ՎOBX `, X `, M?yۂ-@"<1ޑe7WlY ̓v pura, X `, XP`JI>E ȊXx8yyg#k.}V
%.QsN|`qEvgE_X `, X `, Nw<jlEF ).QIlzL~U;mv#T[IkR9X `, X `, ((Y=g!~Ym/}r9
Tfv*(TLfuJ H,|Sj?X `, X `,@G4LqSY/KKǂ9B\7tjiEEy6 n/r:FsoX `, X `, FHC,梔@pQu oHTsHUvnʋ贞w홗19kn~WF;G;b_ݹQ~)%NքG^{08$HE=
q@;"Rz[i0SwX `, X `,G$7b!0SsѸP"rS֬܌"nk3Q7ѧiWӎ(X*1>O Y>]GK@d&QظyYP,Fӟ^&j/-ޯM84u2(:}q/?S@YrM`71y2 X `, X `I;`x/q#G3Cgv.)-bb:y(<j8{LTnbsOԾ_?Ƙs7i3>QuЁ~%X `, X `,>|H{Ɠg-\s\
1V]02K'k^^tAxw?>
z"{<