%PDF-1.6
%
1 0 obj
<>
endobj
2 0 obj
<>stream
Sophie Lardy, Daniel Fortin, Olivier Pays
Increased Exploration Capacity Promotes Group Fission in Gregarious Foraging Herbivores
www.plosone.org
www.plosone.org
endstream
endobj
3 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 9 0 R/Annots 10 0 R/Contents 11 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
10 0 obj
[12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 18 0 R 19 0 R 20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R]
endobj
12 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref009)>>
endobj
13 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref010)>>
endobj
14 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref011)>>
endobj
15 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref012)>>
endobj
16 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref013)>>
endobj
17 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref015)>>
endobj
18 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref016)>>
endobj
19 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref019)>>
endobj
20 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref020)>>
endobj
21 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref021)>>
endobj
22 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref022)>>
endobj
23 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref023)>>
endobj
24 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref024)>>
endobj
25 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref025)>>
endobj
26 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref026)>>
endobj
27 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref027)>>
endobj
28 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref028)>>
endobj
29 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref024)>>
endobj
30 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref029)>>
endobj
31 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref030)>>
endobj
32 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref031)>>
endobj
33 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref032)>>
endobj
34 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref033)>>
endobj
35 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref037)>>
endobj
36 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref016)>>
endobj
37 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref018)>>
endobj
38 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0167516.ref020)>>
endobj
11 0 obj
[39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R]
endobj
39 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
432.6236 680.315 m
437.3291 680.315 l
h
f*
442.5449 680.315 m
452.0693 680.315 l
h
f*
415.7291 654.3496 m
425.2535 654.3496 l
h
f*
515.2252 654.3496 m
524.7496 654.3496 l
h
f*
203.4142 628.3276 m
212.9386 628.3276 l
h
f*
218.0976 628.3276 m
227.622 628.3276 l
h
f*
370.2047 615.3449 m
379.7291 615.3449 l
h
f*
384.8882 615.3449 m
394.4126 615.3449 l
h
f*
297.1843 602.3055 m
306.7087 602.3055 l
h
f*
452.9197 589.3228 m
462.4441 589.3228 l
h
f*
490.9606 550.3181 m
500.485 550.3181 l
h
f*
505.6441 550.3181 m
515.1685 550.3181 l
h
f*
353.7071 381.3165 m
363.2315 381.3165 l
h
f*
368.3906 381.3165 m
377.915 381.3165 l
h
f*
556.5543 381.3165 m
566.0787 381.3165 l
h
f*
526.8472 368.3339 m
536.315 368.3339 l
h
f*
541.5307 368.3339 m
551.0551 368.3339 l
h
f*
545.9528 355.3512 m
555.4205 355.3512 l
h
f*
559.8992 355.3512 m
569.4236 355.3512 l
h
f*
286.1858 303.3071 m
295.6535 303.3071 l
h
f*
507.1748 225.2976 m
516.6425 225.2976 l
h
f*
539.5465 212.315 m
549.0709 212.315 l
h
f*
328.9323 186.3496 m
338.4567 186.3496 l
h
f*
343.6157 186.3496 m
353.1402 186.3496 l
h
f*
477.2976 160.3276 m
486.822 160.3276 l
h
f*
491.2441 160.3276 m
500.7685 160.3276 l
h
f*
505.9276 160.3276 m
515.452 160.3276 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 707.4141 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7744 0 Td
(improve)Tj
3.583 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(ability)Tj
2.6986 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(foragers)Tj
3.4412 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(detect)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(food)Tj
2.0466 0 Td
(patches)Tj
3.2031 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0999 0 Td
(impeding)Tj
4.0591 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(movement)Tj
4.5127 0 Td
(should)Tj
-34.6504 -1.3039 Td
(directly)Tj
3.2314 0 Td
(affect)Tj
2.3754 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(benefits)Tj
3.3392 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.3867 0 Td
(area-restricted)Tj
5.9981 0 Td
(search.)Tj
-18.6178 -1.2982 Td
(Many)Tj
2.5511 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(wide)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(range)Tj
2.4605 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(taxa)Tj
1.8538 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(gregarious)Tj
4.4164 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(9)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(10)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
3.067 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6532 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(life)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(style)Tj
2.0069 0 Td
(that)Tj
-33.5903 -1.2983 Td
(shapes)Tj
2.8402 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(foraging)Tj
3.566 0 Td
(experience.)Tj
4.7338 0 Td
(By)Tj
1.2529 0 Td
(joining)Tj
3.0841 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(large)Tj
2.16 0 Td
(group,)Tj
2.8347 0 Td
(foragers)Tj
3.4412 0 Td
(should)Tj
2.9197 0 Td
(benefit)Tj
2.9707 0 Td
(not)Tj
1.576 0 Td
(only)Tj
-34.1402 -1.2983 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(decrease)Tj
3.6113 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(predation)Tj
4.1159 0 Td
(risk)Tj
1.7177 0 Td
(\(e.g.,)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(dilution)Tj
3.4072 0 Td
(effect)Tj
2.3641 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(11)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(collective)Tj
3.9344 0 Td
(detection)Tj
3.9402 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(12)Tj
0 g
(]\),)Tj
2.4151 0 Td
(but)Tj
1.5533 0 Td
(also)Tj
-35.1493 -1.3039 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(increase)Tj
3.4696 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(social)Tj
2.4605 0 Td
(information)Tj
5.074 0 Td
(about)Tj
2.4944 0 Td
(spatio-temporal)Tj
6.5707 0 Td
(patterns)Tj
3.4753 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(resource)Tj
3.6284 0 Td
(availability)Tj
-32.6549 -1.2982 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(13)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(15)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
3.5432 0 Td
(These)Tj
2.5682 0 Td
(benefits,)Tj
3.5603 0 Td
(however,)Tj
3.8381 0 Td
(can)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1508 0 Td
(shadowed)Tj
4.2123 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(faster)Tj
2.3981 0 Td
(resource)Tj
3.6283 0 Td
(depletion,)Tj
4.2066 0 Td
(higher)Tj
-31.9122 -1.2983 Td
(exploitative)Tj
4.8188 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(interference)Tj
5.0286 0 Td
(competition)Tj
5.0967 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(16)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(19)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
3.5433 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(slower)Tj
2.8119 0 Td
(collective)Tj
3.9345 0 Td
(movements)Tj
4.8756 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7744 0 Td
(are)Tj
-35.3534 -1.3039 Td
(typical)Tj
2.8573 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(larger)Tj
2.5341 0 Td
(groups)Tj
2.9707 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(20)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0749 0 Td
(Overall,)Tj
3.3676 0 Td
(foragers)Tj
3.4412 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(larger)Tj
2.5285 0 Td
(groups)Tj
2.9707 0 Td
(should)Tj
2.9196 0 Td
(experience)Tj
4.5071 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(faster)Tj
-32.876 -1.2983 Td
(decrease)Tj
3.6056 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(food)Tj
2.0466 0 Td
(intake)Tj
2.6929 0 Td
(rate)Tj
1.7461 0 Td
(\(i.e.,)Tj
1.9275 0 Td
(faster)Tj
2.3925 0 Td
(patch)Tj
2.4207 0 Td
(depression,)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
4.7565 0 Td
[()-3()2()10()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
2.3244 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(21)Tj
0 g
(]\))Tj
2.194 0 Td
(and,)Tj
1.9559 0 Td
(therefore,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(to)Tj
-35.24 -1.2983 Td
(rely)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(often)Tj
2.2903 0 Td
(upon)Tj
2.3188 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(extensive)Tj
3.8834 0 Td
(search)Tj
2.7609 0 Td
(mode,)Tj
2.7269 0 Td
(which)Tj
2.6476 0 Td
(might)Tj
2.5965 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(less)Tj
1.6157 0 Td
(effective)Tj
3.5093 0 Td
(because)Tj
3.3165 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.087 -1.3039 Td
(slower)Tj
2.8119 0 Td
(movement)Tj
4.5127 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(large)Tj
2.16 0 Td
(groups.)Tj
3.1975 0 Td
(Furthermore,)Tj
5.6125 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(maintain)Tj
3.8381 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(cohesion,)Tj
4.0138 0 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.6488 0 Td
(have)Tj
-35.4441 -1.2982 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(wait)Tj
1.8992 0 Td
(until)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6577 0 Td
(consensus)Tj
4.2803 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(reached)Tj
3.3562 0 Td
(concerning)Tj
4.7452 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(movement)Tj
4.5127 0 Td
(direction)Tj
3.8551 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(22)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(23)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
3.549 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(implies)Tj
-34.2876 -1.2983 Td
(that)Tj
1.7744 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2076 0 Td
(individual)Tj
4.2859 0 Td
(may)Tj
1.9276 0 Td
(experience)Tj
4.507 0 Td
(significant)Tj
4.388 0 Td
(patch)Tj
2.4208 0 Td
(depression)Tj
4.5298 0 Td
(but)Tj
1.5533 0 Td
(still)Tj
1.6384 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.058 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(wait)Tj
1.9049 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(other)Tj
-34.6051 -1.3039 Td
(members)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(ready)Tj
2.4321 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(leave)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(patch.)Tj
2.6475 0 Td
(Alternatively,)Tj
5.5956 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6724 0 Td
(individual)Tj
4.286 0 Td
(may)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(decide)Tj
2.812 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(leave)Tj
-33.2218 -1.2983 Td
(immediately)Tj
5.1987 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(adopt)Tj
2.5058 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(extensive)Tj
3.8891 0 Td
(search)Tj
2.7609 0 Td
(mode.)Tj
2.7213 0 Td
(Unless)Tj
2.8969 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(members)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
(follow,)Tj
2.9253 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.875 -1.2982 Td
(individual)Tj
4.2859 0 Td
(will)Tj
1.6668 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(initiated)Tj
3.549 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6135 0 Td
(fission)Tj
2.8176 0 Td
(and,)Tj
1.9559 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9524 0 Td
(least)Tj
1.9843 0 Td
(temporarily,)Tj
5.1533 0 Td
(lead)Tj
1.8539 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(movements)Tj
4.8756 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(its)Tj
-36.2492 -1.2983 Td
(followers.)Tj
1.1962 -1.3039 Td
(At)Tj
1.1962 0 Td
(any)Tj
1.6497 0 Td
(point)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(time,)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0183 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.5965 0 Td
(member)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(may)Tj
1.9219 0 Td
(question)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(its)Tj
1.1395 0 Td
(membership)Tj
5.2441 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(assessing)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(its)Tj
1.1339 0 Td
(cur-)Tj
-35.9204 -1.2983 Td
(rent)Tj
1.8595 0 Td
(state)Tj
2.0352 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(balance)Tj
3.2372 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5262 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4741 0 Td
(costs)Tj
2.1713 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(benefits)Tj
3.3335 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(remaining)Tj
4.3653 0 Td
(part)Tj
1.8426 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(its)Tj
1.1451 0 Td
(group,)Tj
2.8347 0 Td
(relative)Tj
3.1407 0 Td
(to)Tj
-35.7389 -1.2983 Td
(its)Tj
1.1451 0 Td
(expectations)Tj
5.1874 0 Td
(following)Tj
3.9798 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(fission.)Tj
3.0444 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(individual)Tj
4.2916 0 Td
(may)Tj
1.9276 0 Td
(have)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(incomplete)Tj
4.6942 0 Td
(control)Tj
3.1237 0 Td
(over)Tj
1.9786 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.8183 -1.3039 Td
(consequences)Tj
5.6976 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(fission)Tj
2.8176 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(its)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(intensive)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(search)Tj
2.7609 0 Td
(mode.)Tj
2.7213 0 Td
(These)Tj
2.5681 0 Td
(consequences)Tj
5.6976 0 Td
(should)Tj
-34.4293 -1.2982 Td
(depend)Tj
3.1861 0 Td
(upon)Tj
2.3187 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(number)Tj
3.4186 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(followers,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(well)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.1033 0 Td
(identity.)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1055 0 Td
(sexually)Tj
3.3789 0 Td
(dimorphic)Tj
4.4504 0 Td
(ungu-)Tj
-35.1777 -1.2983 Td
(lates,)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(example,)Tj
3.7757 0 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.6488 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(unisex)Tj
2.8176 0 Td
(groups)Tj
2.965 0 Td
(may)Tj
1.9276 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1508 0 Td
(able)Tj
1.8312 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(carry)Tj
2.2734 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(activities)Tj
3.719 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(greater)Tj
-34.3103 -1.3039 Td
(synchronicity)Tj
5.6692 0 Td
(due)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(shared)Tj
2.863 0 Td
(characteristics)Tj
5.9074 0 Td
(\(e.g.,)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(step)Tj
1.8199 0 Td
(length)Tj
2.7269 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(rate,)Tj
1.9672 0 Td
(instantaneous)Tj
5.7826 0 Td
(food)Tj
-33.3238 -1.2983 Td
(intake)Tj
2.6872 0 Td
(rate,)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(resting)Tj
2.9537 0 Td
(bout)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(duration;)Tj
3.9288 0 Td
(see)Tj
1.4286 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(24)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(25)Tj
0 g
(]\))Tj
3.6624 0 Td
(compared)Tj
4.2406 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(individuals)Tj
4.6488 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(mixed)Tj
2.7213 0 Td
(groups)Tj
2.9706 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(26)Tj
0 g
(]\).)Tj
-35.3137 -1.2983 Td
(Indeed,)Tj
3.2371 0 Td
(males)Tj
2.5001 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(females)Tj
3.2145 0 Td
(often)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(differ)Tj
2.3868 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(ecological)Tj
4.1669 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(physiological)Tj
5.4424 0 Td
(needs)Tj
2.5059 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(27)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(28)Tj
0 g
(],)Tj
3.5432 0 Td
(and)Tj
-35.8863 -1.2982 Td
(allometric)Tj
4.2576 0 Td
(scaling)Tj
2.965 0 Td
(predicts)Tj
3.4072 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(female)Tj
2.8516 0 Td
(ungulates)Tj
4.0535 0 Td
(should)Tj
2.9197 0 Td
(move)Tj
2.4207 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(slowly)Tj
2.7156 0 Td
(than)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(males)Tj
2.5058 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(24)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7348 0 Td
(29)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-35.9884 -1.3039 Td
(Such)Tj
2.1713 0 Td
(differences)Tj
4.5694 0 Td
(could)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(lead)Tj
1.8539 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(frequent)Tj
3.6056 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(stronger)Tj
3.5659 0 Td
(conflicts)Tj
3.583 0 Td
(during)Tj
2.931 0 Td
(collective-decision)Tj
-29.8259 -1.2983 Td
(making)Tj
3.2484 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(members)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(mixed)Tj
2.7212 0 Td
(compared)Tj
4.2463 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(unisex)Tj
2.8176 0 Td
(groups.)Tj
3.1918 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(turn,)Tj
2.1883 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(differences)Tj
4.5638 0 Td
(should)Tj
-32.9327 -1.2983 Td
(determine)Tj
4.3199 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(movement)Tj
4.5128 0 Td
(characteristics)Tj
5.9073 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7745 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(members)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
(would)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(adopt)Tj
2.5058 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(maintain)Tj
-31.9349 -1.3039 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(cohesion)Tj
3.7871 0 Td
(\(See)Tj
1.8822 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(30)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8481 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(effect)Tj
2.3641 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(phenotypic)Tj
4.7055 0 Td
(assortment)Tj
4.6431 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(animal)Tj
2.965 0 Td
(socials)Tj
2.8233 0 Td
(networks\).)Tj
-32.5358 -1.2982 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(onset,)Tj
2.5852 0 Td
(speed)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(sinuosity)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(extensive)Tj
3.8835 0 Td
(search)Tj
2.7609 0 Td
(mode)Tj
2.5001 0 Td
(could)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(therefore)Tj
3.8495 0 Td
(strongly)Tj
3.4752 0 Td
(depend)Tj
-33.7887 -1.2983 Td
(upon)Tj
2.3187 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(composition.)Tj
-3.7303 -1.3039 Td
(For)Tj
1.6214 0 Td
(any)Tj
1.6497 0 Td
(type)Tj
1.9049 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(social)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(group,)Tj
2.8289 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.457 0 Td
(balance)Tj
3.2315 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5149 0 Td
(costs)Tj
2.1657 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7178 0 Td
(benefits)Tj
3.3278 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0092 0 Td
(remaining)Tj
4.354 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.457 0 Td
(cur-)Tj
-35.9204 -1.2983 Td
(rent)Tj
1.8595 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(should)Tj
2.9197 0 Td
(vary)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(dynamically)Tj
5.0797 0 Td
(over)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(time)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(space,)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(most)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(notably)Tj
3.2144 0 Td
(following)Tj
3.9799 0 Td
(local)Tj
2.0749 0 Td
(changes)Tj
-34.2139 -1.2983 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(resource)Tj
3.6339 0 Td
(availability.)Tj
4.7509 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(spatio-temporal)Tj
6.5707 0 Td
(dynamic,)Tj
3.9231 0 Td
(together)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(strong)Tj
2.7723 0 Td
(capacity)Tj
3.4696 0 Td
(to)Tj
-34.3273 -1.3039 Td
(merge)Tj
2.7212 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(groups,)Tj
3.1975 0 Td
(can)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(result)Tj
2.4434 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(high)Tj
2.0069 0 Td
(rates)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(fission)Tj
2.8177 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(fusion)Tj
2.7212 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(31)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(Accordingly,)Tj
-32.4508 -1.2982 Td
(many)Tj
2.4774 0 Td
(gregarious)Tj
4.4107 0 Td
(species)Tj
2.999 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(characterised)Tj
5.5105 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(short-lived)Tj
4.5524 0 Td
(associations)Tj
4.989 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(conspecifics)Tj
5.0343 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(32)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-33.613 -1.2983 Td
(Despite)Tj
3.2484 0 Td
(decades)Tj
3.3392 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(investigation,)Tj
5.5842 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(reason)Tj
2.8686 0 Td
(why)Tj
1.8822 0 Td
(groups)Tj
2.9707 0 Td
(split)Tj
1.9105 0 Td
(only)Tj
1.9786 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(reunite)Tj
3.0785 0 Td
(moments)Tj
3.9968 0 Td
(later)Tj
-34.367 -1.2983 Td
(remains)Tj
3.4412 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2075 0 Td
(intriguing)Tj
4.2463 0 Td
(question)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(33)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(37)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
3.5489 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(proposition)Tj
4.8869 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(foragers)Tj
3.4413 0 Td
(may)Tj
1.9275 0 Td
(leave)Tj
2.1997 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(current)Tj
-34.2252 -1.3039 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(attempt)Tj
3.3051 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(gain)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(some)Tj
2.33 0 Td
(control)Tj
3.1181 0 Td
(over)Tj
1.9786 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(search)Tj
2.761 0 Td
(tactic)Tj
2.3641 0 Td
(\(see)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(above\))Tj
2.8856 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.5421 0 Td
(emerged)Tj
-31.9746 -1.2983 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(inductive)Tj
3.9571 0 Td
(inference,)Tj
4.1613 0 Td
(based)Tj
2.4774 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(general)Tj
3.1294 0 Td
(behavioural)Tj
4.921 0 Td
(observations)Tj
5.261 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(16)Tj
0 g
(,)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7348 0 Td
(18)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(20)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
3.2031 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7859 0 Td
(proposi-)Tj
-34.1119 -1.2982 Td
(tion)Tj
1.8368 0 Td
(largely)Tj
2.8516 0 Td
(rests)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(upon)Tj
2.3187 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4627 0 Td
(key)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(assumption)Tj
4.8586 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7744 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.1962 0 Td
(individual)Tj
4.2803 0 Td
(triggers)Tj
3.2372 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(fission)Tj
2.812 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(adopting)Tj
-34.0268 -1.3039 Td
(an)Tj
1.2018 0 Td
(extensive)Tj
3.8835 0 Td
(search)Tj
2.7609 0 Td
(mode,)Tj
2.7269 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(not)Tj
1.5704 0 Td
(simply)Tj
2.8857 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1848 0 Td
(pursuing)Tj
3.8041 0 Td
(an)Tj
1.2019 0 Td
(intensive)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(search)Tj
2.7609 0 Td
(mode)Tj
2.4945 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(ulti-)Tj
-33.8001 -1.2983 Td
(mately)Tj
2.8969 0 Td
(increases)Tj
3.8325 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(distance)Tj
3.5036 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5263 0 Td
(some)Tj
2.3357 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(members)Tj
3.9458 0 Td
(sufficiently)Tj
4.6147 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(result)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(group-fis-)Tj
-33.2388 -1.2983 Td
(sion.)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(words,)Tj
2.897 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(hypothesis)Tj
4.4674 0 Td
(would)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(only)Tj
1.9785 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(supported)Tj
4.2689 0 Td
(if,)Tj
1.0035 0 Td
(immediately)Tj
5.1987 0 Td
(following)Tj
3.9798 0 Td
(the)Tj
-34.7071 -1.3039 Td
(fission)Tj
2.8176 0 Td
(event,)Tj
2.5965 0 Td
(post-fission)Tj
4.8529 0 Td
(groups)Tj
2.9707 0 Td
(increase)Tj
3.4695 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(speed)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(reduce)Tj
2.9197 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(sinuosity,)Tj
4.0365 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9955 0 Td
(the)Tj
-34.0778 -1.2982 Td
(result)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7744 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(rate)Tj
1.7461 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(net)Tj
1.4911 0 Td
(displacement)Tj
5.5105 0 Td
(should)Tj
2.9196 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(higher)Tj
2.8006 0 Td
(than)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(prior)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(fission.)Tj
3.0444 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(prediction)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 479.8488 745.7952 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Group)Tj
2.9551 0 Td
(Fission)Tj
3.3307 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.978 0 Td
(Herbivores)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.4748 0 Td
(DOI:10.137)Tj
5.0387 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.0167)Tj
3.5434 0 Td
(516)Tj
2.6362 0 Td
(December)Tj
4.7622 0 Td
(1,)Tj
1.0418 0 Td
(2016)Tj
37.2971 0 Td
(2)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
40 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
41 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
42 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
43 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
44 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
45 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
46 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
47 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
48 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
49 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
50 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
51 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
52 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
53 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
54 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
55 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
56 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
57 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
58 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
59 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
60 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
61 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
62 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
63 0 obj
<>stream
BT
66.402 0 Td
(14)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
64 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 9 0 R/Annots 67 0 R/Contents 68 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
66 0 obj
<>
endobj
69 0 obj
<>
endobj
70 0 obj
<>stream
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0
11 dict begin
/FontName /TeX_CM_Maths_Italic def
/FontType 1 def
/FontBBox {-31 -239 1041 750} readonly def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 8 dict dup begin
/FullName (TeX_CM_Maths_Italic) readonly def
/BaseFontName (TeX_CM_Maths_Italic) def
end def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /C0 put
dup 1 /C1 put
dup 2 /C2 put
dup 3 /C3 put
dup 4 /C4 put
dup 5 /C5 put
dup 6 /C6 put
dup 7 /C7 put
dup 8 /C8 put
dup 9 /C9 put
dup 10 /C10 put
dup 11 /C11 put
dup 12 /C12 put
dup 13 /C13 put
dup 14 /C14 put
dup 15 /C15 put
dup 16 /C16 put
dup 17 /C17 put
dup 18 /C18 put
dup 19 /C19 put
dup 20 /C20 put
dup 21 /C21 put
dup 22 /C22 put
dup 23 /C23 put
dup 24 /C24 put
dup 25 /C25 put
dup 26 /C26 put
dup 27 /C27 put
dup 28 /C28 put
dup 29 /C29 put
dup 30 /C30 put
dup 31 /C31 put
dup 32 /space put
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedbl put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 37 /percent put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 43 /plus put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 60 /less put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 62 /greater put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /backslash put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 94 /asciicircum put
dup 95 /underscore put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /braceleft put
dup 124 /bar put
dup 125 /braceright put
dup 126 /asciitilde put
dup 127 /Euro put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
M#1H5 J6o\&rtS(#v\0\V7Fe༙OYx5-cY9^%Y6
(efIOldN"wȰ;)UƽoFg/rvV$JS8_oc@
o9-eGJp}[Do]mN=4*{ܯq=eU^t6¤.vA2*Sr 2@Y0}Rcx,TX|ZP
;o<[1?
T<=qo:-62/]8~i wX?wJ`lLkI@EjYׅq5ڧHtvc6i 0M]YUN;M]ť0]z[{s1uO[6be#9k~d/YpMA.=뤎P\|W#?W$iz81ZL
Ңri^?WP]X A.@
z[
75y6k .U*3}hA\t&HW!Q
=+Г A 5