Validation of an effective, low cost, Free/open access 3D-printed stethoscope
Fig 2
Calibration and comparison of 3D printed Glia model stethoscopes to the Littmann Cardiology III.
Stethoscope output responses were measured using the equipment setup described in the methods. Each stethoscope model recorded input sound at multiple frequencies and the change in amplitude between input and recorded sound was documented (lower log attenuation is better) for each stethoscope (Fig 2A). The decibel difference in attenuation (Glia minus Littmann) is shown across all frequencies tested where values above 0 dB indicate the Glia model attenuated less sound (Fig 2B).