ER Stress Mediates TiAl6V4 Particle-Induced Peri-Implant Osteolysis by Promoting RANKL Expression in Fibroblasts
Fig 4
TiPs-induced ER stress in fibroblasts promoted osteoclastogenesis in vitro.
(A) Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were cocultured with conditioned medium (CM) from each group. Osteoclasts were detected by TRAP staining. Control, BMMs + untreated fibroblasts CM; TiPs, BMMs + TiPs-treated fibroblasts CM; TiPs + 4-PBA, BMMs + TiPs and 4-PBA co-treated fibroblasts CM; TiPs + TUDCA, BMMs + TiPs and TUDCA co-treated fibroblasts CM; RANKL, BMMs + RANKL. Scale bar, 500 μm. (B) The number of osteoclasts in (A) were analyzed. OC, osteoclast.