About the Authors

Mahdia Gholami

Affiliation Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Afsaneh Pakdaman

pakdaman@sina.tums.ac.ir

Affiliation Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Ali Montazeri

Affiliation Mental Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Centre, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

Jorma I. Virtanen

Affiliations Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: MG AP AM JIV. Data curation: MG AP JIV. Formal analysis: MG AP. Funding acquisition: MG AP. Investigation: MG AP. Methodology: MG AP AM JIV. Project administration: AP JIV. Resources: MG. Supervision: AP JIV. Validation: MG AP AM. Visualization: MG. Writing – original draft: MG AP AM JIV. Writing – review & editing: MG AP AM JIV.