About the Authors

Engi F. Attia

Contributed equally to this work with: Engi F. Attia, Sarah E. Jolley

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Sarah E. Jolley

Contributed equally to this work with: Engi F. Attia, Sarah E. Jolley

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care and Allergy/Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America

Kristina Crothers

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Lynn M. Schnapp

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America

W. Conrad Liles

wcliles@uw.edu

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Departments of Medicine, Pathology, Pharmacology, and Global Health, Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: EFA SEJ LMS WCL. Performed the experiments: LMS WCL. Analyzed the data: EFA SEJ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LMS WCL. Wrote the paper: EFA SEJ KC LMS WCL. Contributed to interpretation of the analyzed data: EFA SEJ KC LMS WCL. Revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content: KC LMS WCL.