About the Authors

Sabine Stindt

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany

Patricia Cebula

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany

Ute Albrecht

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany

Verena Keitel

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany

Jan Schulte am Esch

Affiliation Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany

Wolfram T. Knoefel

Affiliation Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany

Ralf Bartenschlager

Affiliations Department for Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, Division for Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany

Dieter Häussinger

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany

Johannes G. Bode

johannes.bode@med.uni-duesseldorf.de

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SS JGB. Performed the experiments: SS PC. Analyzed the data: SS JGB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: UA VK JSAE WTK RB DH. Wrote the paper: SS JGB.