About the Authors

Olivier Manigart

Affiliations Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Medical Research Council Unit, Fajara, The Gambia

Caroline Trotter

Affiliation Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Helen Findlow

Affiliation Public Health England Vaccine Evaluation Unit, Manchester, United Kingdom

Abraham Assefa

Affiliation Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Wude Mihret

Affiliation Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Tesfaye Moti Demisse

Affiliation Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Biruk Yeshitela

Affiliation Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Isaac Osei

Affiliation Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana

Abraham Hodgson

Affiliation Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana

Stephen Laryea Quaye

Affiliation Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana

Samba Sow

Affiliation Centre pour les Vaccins en Développement, Bamako, Mali

Mamadou Coulibaly

Affiliation Centre pour les Vaccins en Développement, Bamako, Mali

Kanny Diallo

Affiliation Centre pour les Vaccins en Développement, Bamako, Mali

Awa Traore

Affiliation Centre pour les Vaccins en Développement, Bamako, Mali

Jean-Marc Collard

Affiliation Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire (CERMES), Niamey, Niger

Rahamatou Moustapha Boukary

Affiliation Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire (CERMES), Niamey, Niger

Oumarou Djermakoye

Affiliation Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire (CERMES), Niamey, Niger

Ali Elhaji Mahamane

Affiliation Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire (CERMES), Niamey, Niger

Jean-François Jusot

Affiliation Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire (CERMES), Niamey, Niger

Cheikh Sokhna

Affiliation Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Dakar, Senegal

Serge Alavo

Affiliation Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Dakar, Senegal

Souleymane Doucoure

Affiliation Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Dakar, Senegal

El Hadj Ba

Affiliation Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Dakar, Senegal

Mariétou Dieng

Affiliation Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Dakar, Senegal

Aldiouma Diallo

Affiliation Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Dakar, Senegal

Doumagoum Moto Daugla

Affiliation Centre de Support en Santé International (CSSI), N'Djamena, Chad

Babatunji Omotara

Affiliation Department of Community Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Daniel Chandramohan

Affiliation Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Musa Hassan-King

Affiliation Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Maria Nascimento

Affiliation Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Arouna Woukeu

Affiliation Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Ray Borrow

Affiliation Public Health England Vaccine Evaluation Unit, Manchester, United Kingdom

James M. Stuart

Affiliation Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Brian Greenwood

brian.greenwood@lshtm.ac.uk

Affiliation Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

HF and RB report performing contract resarch on behalf of Public Health England for Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Baxter Biosciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Sanofi Pasteur and Serum Institute of India. CT reports receiving a consulting payment from GlaxoSmithKline. All other authors report no conflict of interest. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: OM CT HF AA AH SS J-MC J-FJ CS DMD BO DC MH-K MN RB JMS BG. Performed the experiments: WM TMD BY IO SLQ MC KD AT RMB OD AEM SA SD EHB MD AD. Analyzed the data: OM CT AW JMS BG. Wrote the paper: OM CT HF AA WM TMD BY IO AH SLQ SS MC KD AT JMC RMB OD AEM JFJ CS SA SD EHB MD AD DMD BO DC MHK MN AW RB JMS BG.