About the Authors

Jinjun Tang

Affiliations School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195–2700, United States of America

Yajie Zou

Affiliation Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China

John Ash

Affiliation Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195–2700, United States of America

Shen Zhang

Affiliation School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

Fang Liu

Affiliation School of Energy and Transportation Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

Yinhai Wang

yinhai@uw.edu

Affiliation Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195–2700, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YW JT. Performed the experiments: YZ. Analyzed the data: SZ FL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JA. Wrote the paper: JT. Revised paper: JA.