About the Authors

Craig M. Riley

Contributed equally to this work with: Craig M. Riley, Fernando Holguin

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Sally E. Wenzel

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Mario Castro

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Serpil C. Erzurum

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Kian Fan Chung

Affiliation National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Anne M. Fitzpatrick

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, George, United States of America

Benjamin Gaston

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Elliot Israel

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Wendy C. Moore

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America

Eugene R. Bleecker

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America

William J. Calhoun

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America

Nizar N. Jarjour

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

William W. Busse

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Stephen P. Peters

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America

W. Gerald Teague

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia Children’s Hospital, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America

Ronald Sorkness

Affiliation School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Fernando Holguin

Contributed equally to this work with: Craig M. Riley, Fernando Holguin

holguinf@upmc.edu

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CMR FH SCE SEW. Performed the experiments: CMR FH. Analyzed the data: CMR FH. Wrote the paper: CMR FH SCE SEW. Contributed with participant recruitment: ERB WWB WJC MC AMF BG EI NNJ WCM SPP WGT KFC SCE SEW RS.