About the Authors

Robert A. Dugger

Affiliations Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, United States of America, Hofstra North Shore Long Island Jewish School of Medicine, Queens, New York, United States of America

Abdulrahman M. El-Sayed

ame2145@columbia.edu

Affiliations Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, United States of America, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America

Catherine Messina

Affiliation Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America

Richard Bronson

Affiliation Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America

Sandro Galea

Affiliation Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RAD CM RB. Performed the experiments: RAD. Analyzed the data: RAD AMES SG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RAD AMES SG. Wrote the paper: RAD CM RB AMES SG.