About the Authors

Ming-Lung Chuang

yuan1007@ms36.hinet.net (MLC); csha884@csh.org.tw (CYL)

Current address: Department of Critical Care Medicine and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan and School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

Affiliations Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

Chai-Yuan Lee

yuan1007@ms36.hinet.net (MLC); csha884@csh.org.tw (CYL)

Affiliation Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

Yi-Fang Chen

Affiliation Division of Respiratory Care, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

Shih-Feng Huang

Affiliations Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

I-Feng Lin

Affiliation Institute and Department of Public Health, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: M-LC C-YL I-FL. Performed the experiments: M-LC C-YL Y-FC S-FH. Analyzed the data: M-LC C-YL I-FL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: Y-FC S-FH C-YL I-FL M-LC. Wrote the paper: M-LC.