About the Authors

Kentaro Sakamoto

Affiliation Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Tokyo, Japan

Mitsunobu Kawamura

Affiliation Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Takahide Kohro

Affiliation Jichi Medical University, Department of Medical Informatics / Cardiology, Tochigi, Japan

Masao Omura

Affiliation Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanagawa, Japan

Takayuki Watanabe

Affiliation Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan

Keiko Ashidate

Affiliation Kudanzaka Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Toshiyuki Horiuchi

Affiliation Tokyo Metropolitan Health Medical Treatment Corporation Toshima Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo, Japan

Hidehiko Hara

Affiliation Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan

Nobuo Sekine

Affiliation Tokyo Koseinenkin Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Rina Chin

Affiliation Tokyo Kyosai Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Motoyoshi Tsujino

Affiliation Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Toru Hiyoshi

Affiliation Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan

Motoki Tagami

Affiliation Sanraku Hospital, Life-style related Disease Clinic, Tokyo, Japan

Akira Tanaka

Affiliation Kagawa Nutrition University, Nutrition Clinic, Tokyo, Japan

Yasumichi Mori

Affiliation Toranomon Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo, Japan

Takeshi Inazawa

Affiliation Kashiwa City Hospital, Internal Medicine, Chiba, Japan

Tsutomu Hirano

Affiliation Showa University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Diabetes Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo, Japan

Tsutomu Yamazaki

Affiliation The University of Tokyo Hospital, Clinical Research Support Center, Tokyo, Japan

Teruo Shiba

teruo.shiba@med.toho-u.ac.jp

Affiliations Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Tokyo, Japan, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Tokyo Japan

RESEARCH Study Group

Membership of the RESEARCH Study Group are stated in the paper of Ref. 16.

Competing Interests

Teruo Shiba has received honoraria from Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc., Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), Kowa Company, Ltd., and Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited. Tsutomu Yamazaki has received research support and honoraria from Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), Pfizer Japan Inc., Kowa Company, Ltd., Shionogi & Co., Ltd., and AstraZeneca K.K., and honoraria from Bayer Holding Ltd. and Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited. Akira Tanaka has received research support from Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited and honoraria from Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), and Kewpie Corporation. Takahide Kohro has received research support from AstraZeneca K.K. and honoraria from Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD). The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on the sharing of data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MK M. Tagami AT YM TS. Performed the experiments: KS MK MO TW KA T. Horiuchi HH NS RC M. Tsujino T. Hiyoshi M. Tagami AT YM TI T. Hirano TS. Analyzed the data: TK TY. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: T. Hirano. Wrote the paper: KS TS. sd-LDL measurement: T. Hirano.