About the Authors

Vivienne L. Williams

vivwill@netdial.co.za

Affiliation School of Animal, Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Andrew J. Loveridge

Affiliation Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

David J. Newton

Affiliations School of Animal, Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, TRAFFIC, East/Southern Africa Regional Office, Pretoria, South Africa

David W. Macdonald

Affiliation Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: VLW. Analyzed the data: VLW. Wrote the paper: VLW AJL DJN DWM.