About the Authors

Marika Orlov

Affiliation School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Laura M. Smeaton

Affiliation Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Johnstone Kumwenda

Affiliation Johns Hopkins University Research Project, Blantyre, Malawi

Mina C. Hosseinipour

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America, University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi

Thomas B. Campbell

Affiliation School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America

Robert T. Schooley

rschooley@ucsd.edu

Affiliation School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

Dr. Schooley has served as a consultant to Gilead Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck Research Laboratories and Glaxo SmithKline. Dr. Campbell has served as a consultant to Gilead Sciences. Dr. Smeaton has served as a member of a Data and Safety Monitoring Committee for Pfizer. Dr. Schooley has utilized compensation for consultative services for Gilead Sciences that were paid to UCSD to support Dr. Orlov’s graduate student stipend and for supplies for these studies. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MO LMS TBC RTS. Performed the experiments: MO. Analyzed the data: LMS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JK MCH TBC RTS. Wrote the paper: MO LMS JK MCH TBC RTS.