About the Authors

Giuseppe Penno

Affiliation Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Anna Solini

Affiliation Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Giacomo Zoppini

Affiliation Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

Cecilia Fondelli

Affiliation Diabetes Unit, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

Roberto Trevisan

Affiliation Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy

Monica Vedovato

Affiliation Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy

Gabriella Gruden

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Olga Lamacchia

Affiliation Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy

Antonio E. Pontiroli

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Surgery and Odontoiatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

Maura Arosio

Affiliation Endocrinology Unit, San Giuseppe Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

Emanuela Orsi

Affiliation Diabetes Unit, IRCCS “Cà Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico” Foundation, Milan, Italy

Giuseppe Pugliese

giuseppe.pugliese@uniroma1.it

Affiliation Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy

for the Renal Insufficiency And Cardiovascular Events (RIACE) Study Group

A complete list of the RIACE Investigators can be found as supporting information (see S1 RIACE Investigators).

Competing Interests

This work was supported by the Research Foundation of the Italian Society of Diabetology (Fo.Di.Ri.) and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.E.M.) Foundation, and by unconditional grants from Eli-Lilly, Takeda, Chiesi Farmaceutici and Boehringer-Ingelheim. The sponsors had no role in design and conduct of the study; collection, management, and interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, and approval of the manuscript. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.”.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GPe AS GPu. Performed the experiments: GPe AS GZ CF RT MV GG OL AP MA EO GPu. Analyzed the data: GPe AS EO GPu. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GPe AS GZ CF RT MV GG OL AP MA EO GPu. Wrote the paper: GPu. revised critically the article for important intellectual content or approved the final version to be published GPe AS GZ CF RT MV GG OL AP MA EO.