About the Authors

Suzanne H. Gage

suzi.gage@bristol.ac.uk

Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco Control Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Matthew Hickman

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Jon Heron

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Marcus R. Munafò

Affiliations Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, United Kingdom Centre for Tobacco Control Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Glyn Lewis

Affiliation Mental Health Sciences Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom

John Macleod

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Stanley Zammit

Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SG SZ JH MM MH. Performed the experiments: SG. Analyzed the data: SG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GL JH. Wrote the paper: SG SZ JH MM GL JM MH.