About the Authors

Adriana Calderaro

adriana.calderaro@unipr.it

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Maddalena Piergianni

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Mirko Buttrini

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Sara Montecchini

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Giovanna Piccolo

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Chiara Gorrini

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Sabina Rossi

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Carlo Chezzi

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Maria Cristina Arcangeletti

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Maria Cristina Medici

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Flora De Conto

Affiliation Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. AC is an Academic Editor of the journal PLOS ONE.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AC. Performed the experiments: MP MB SM GP CG SR. Analyzed the data: AC CC MCA MCM FDC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AC. Wrote the paper: AC MP MB CG. Statistical analysis: MP MB.