About the Authors

Ivor D. Williams

ivor.williams@noaa.gov

Affiliation Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

Julia K. Baum

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Adel Heenan

Affiliations Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America, Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

Katharine M. Hanson

Affiliation Department of Oceanography, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

Marc O. Nadon

Affiliations Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America, Fisheries Research and Monitoring Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

Russell E. Brainard

Affiliation Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: REB MON IDW. Analyzed the data: IDW. Wrote the paper: IDW KMH JKB AH. Initiated survey program and developed survey methodology and design: REB MON IDW. Conceived the analytical approach: IDW MON JKB AH.