About the Authors

Roman M. Wittig

Contributed equally to this work with: Roman M. Wittig, Catherine Crockford

wittig@eva.mpg.de (RMW); crockfor@eva.mpg.de (CC)

Affiliations Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Primatology, Leipzig, Germany, University of St. Andrews, School of Psychology and Neurobiology, St. Andrews, United Kingdom, Budongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi, Uganda

Catherine Crockford

Contributed equally to this work with: Roman M. Wittig, Catherine Crockford

wittig@eva.mpg.de (RMW); crockfor@eva.mpg.de (CC)

Affiliations Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Primatology, Leipzig, Germany, University of St. Andrews, School of Psychology and Neurobiology, St. Andrews, United Kingdom, Budongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi, Uganda

Anja Weltring

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Primatology, Leipzig, Germany

Tobias Deschner

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Primatology, Leipzig, Germany

Klaus Zuberbühler

Affiliations University of St. Andrews, School of Psychology and Neurobiology, St. Andrews, United Kingdom, Budongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi, Uganda, University of Neuchâtel, Cognitive Science Centre, Neuchâtel, Switzerland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RMW CC TD KZ. Performed the experiments: RMW CC. Analyzed the data: RMW CC AW TD KZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AW TD. Wrote the paper: RMW CC AW TD KZ.