About the Authors

Qiuli Zhao

Contributed equally to this work with: Qiuli Zhao, Li Yang, Xiao Zhang

zhaoqiuli1957@163.com

Affiliation School of Nursing, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

Li Yang

Contributed equally to this work with: Qiuli Zhao, Li Yang, Xiao Zhang

Affiliation School of Nursing, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

Xiao Zhang

Contributed equally to this work with: Qiuli Zhao, Li Yang, Xiao Zhang

Affiliation School of Nursing, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

Xuemei Zhu

Affiliation School of Nursing, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

Qingqing Zuo

Affiliation School of Nursing, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

Yanni Wu

Affiliation Department of Nursing department, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

Liu Yang

Affiliation School of Nursing, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

Wei Gao

Affiliation School of Nursing, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

Minghui Li

Affiliation School of Nursing, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

Shanshan Cheng

Affiliation School of Nursing, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: Q. Zhao Li Yang X. Zhang. Performed the experiments: Q. Zhao Li Yang X. Zhang X. Zhu Q. Zuo YW Liu Yang WG ML SC. Analyzed the data: Q. Zhao Li Yang X. Zhang. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: X. Zhang YW. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: Q. Zhao Li Yang X. Zhang.