About the Authors

Ajai K. Malhotra

akmalhot@vcu.edu

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Stephanie R. Goldberg

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Laura McLay

Current address: University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Nancy R. Martin

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Luke G. Wolfe

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Mark M. Levy

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Vishal Khiatani

Current address: Coastal Radiology Associates PLLC, New Bern, North Carolina, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Todd C. Borchers

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Therese M. Duane

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Michel B. Aboutanos

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Rao R. Ivatury

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AKM SG LM NRM VK TCB RRI. Performed the experiments: AKM SG NRM LGW MML VK TCB TMD MBA. Analyzed the data: AKM SG LM NRM LGW MML TMD MBA RRI. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AKM LM LGW. Wrote the paper: AKM SG LML LGW MML VK TCB TMD MBA RRI.