About the Authors

Philip D. Howes

Affiliation Materials Department, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Supinya Wongsriruksa

Affiliation Physics Department, King's College London, London, United Kingdom

Zoe Laughlin

Affiliation Institute of Making, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Harry J. Witchel

Affiliation Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex Campus, Brighton, United Kingdom

Mark Miodownik

m.miodownik@ucl.ac.uk

Affiliation Institute of Making, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PH HW ZL MM. Performed the experiments: PH SW. Analyzed the data: PH HW MM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PH. Wrote the paper: PH HW MM.