About the Authors

David A. Springate

david.springate@manchester.ac.uk

Affiliations Centre for Primary Care, Institute for Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, Centre for Biostatistics, Institute for Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

Evangelos Kontopantelis

Affiliations Centre for Primary Care, Institute for Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, Centre for Health Informatics, Institute for Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

Darren M. Ashcroft

Affiliation Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

Ivan Olier

Affiliation Manchester Institute for Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

Rosa Parisi

Affiliation Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

Edmore Chamapiwa

Affiliation Centre for Primary Care, Institute for Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

David Reeves

Affiliations Centre for Primary Care, Institute for Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, Centre for Biostatistics, Institute for Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DAS. Performed the experiments: DAS DR EK IO RP DA EC. Analyzed the data: DAS. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: DAS DR EK IO RP DA EC.