About the Authors
- L. Susan Wieland
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* E-mail: lswieland@gmail.com
Affiliation Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- Lainie Rutkow
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Affiliation Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- S. Swaroop Vedula
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Affiliation Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Christopher N. Kaufmann
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Affiliation Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Lori M. Rosman
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Affiliation William H. Welch Medical Library, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Claire Twose
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Affiliation William H. Welch Medical Library, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Nirosha Mahendraratnam
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Current address: Avalere Health LLC, Washington, DC, United States of America
Affiliation Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Kay Dickersin
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Affiliation Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
Competing Interests
No support was received from any organization for the submitted work. NM is currently employed by Avalere Health LLC, a healthcare strategic advisory firm that serves both public and private sector clients. Aside from final comments and approval, her contributions to this manuscript were carried out prior to her employment at Avalere Health LLC. Her contributions to this manuscript are independent of Avalere Health LLC or its clients, do not reflect the views or opinions of Avalere Health or its clients, and were not supported by Avalere Health LLC or its clients in any way (e.g., no financial or content contribution). KD and SSV are authors of one of the articles examined (Vedula et al 2009); KD served as an unpaid expert witness in the 2008 litigation associated with the article and SSV served as a paid consultant. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: LR SSV KD. Analyzed the data: LSW. Wrote the paper: LSW KD. Developed and carried out search strategies: LR SSV CNK LMR CT NM. Screened articles for eligibility: LSW LR SSV CNK NM KD. Created and revised data abstraction form: LSW KD. Abstracted data from eligible articles: LSW LR SSV CNK LMR CT KD. Communicated with article authors and others to confirm information on location of internal documents and identify additional eligible articles: KD. Contributed to final edits on manuscript: LSW LR SSV CNK LMR CT NM KD.