About the Authors

Dongxiao He

Affiliations College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China, Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Di Jin

jindi@tju.edu.cn (DJ); liudy@jlu.edu.cn (DL)

Affiliations Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China, School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, School of Design, Engineering, and Computing, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, United Kingdom

Carlos Baquero

Affiliation HASLab, INESC TEC and University of Minho, Braga, Portugal

Dayou Liu

jindi@tju.edu.cn (DJ); liudy@jlu.edu.cn (DL)

Affiliations College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China, Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DH DJ CB DL. Performed the experiments: DH DJ. Analyzed the data: DH DJ CB DL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DH DJ. Wrote the paper: DH DJ CB DL.