About the Authors

Chihiro Takahata

takahatacat@nifty.com

Affiliation Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan

Scott Eric Nielsen

Affiliation Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Akiko Takii

Affiliation Education and Research Center of Alpine Field Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan

Shigeyuki Izumiyama

Affiliation Education and Research Center of Alpine Field Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CT SEN. Performed the experiments: AT SI. Analyzed the data: CT SEN. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SI. Wrote the paper: CT. Obtained permission for use of forestry records and setting animals traps: SI.