About the Authors

Christine A. Ward-Paige

CWard.Paige@gmail.com

Affiliation Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

Brendal Davis

Affiliation Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

Boris Worm

Affiliation Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CWP. Performed the experiments: CWP BD. Analyzed the data: CWP BD. Wrote the paper: CWP BD BW.