About the Authors

Argelio Santos

argelio.santos@rickhanseninstitute.org

Affiliations Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, Canada, Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

James Gurling

Affiliation Fraser Health Authority, Surrey, Canada

Marcel F. Dvorak

Affiliation Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

Vanessa K. Noonan

Affiliations Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, Canada, Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

Michael G. Fehlings

Affiliation Department of Surgery and Spinal Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Anthony S. Burns

Affiliation Division of Physiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Rachel Lewis

Affiliation Centre for Operations Excellence, Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

Lesley Soril

Affiliation Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, Canada

Nader Fallah

Affiliations Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, Canada, Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

John T. Street

Affiliation Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

Lise Bélanger

Affiliation Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, Canada

Andrea Townson

Affiliation Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

Liping Liang

Affiliation Faculty of Business, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, New Territories, Hong Kong

Derek Atkins

Affiliation Centre for Operations Excellence, Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AS JG MFD VKN MGF ASB RL LS NF JTS LB AT LL DA. Performed the experiments: AS JG RL DA. Analyzed the data: AS JG NF RL DA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AS JG NF RL DA. Wrote the paper: AS JG MFD VKN MGF ASB RL LS NF JTS LB AT LL DA.