About the Authors

Susan M. Bertram

Sue.Bertram@carleton.ca

Affiliation Department of Biology, Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Sarah J. Harrison

Affiliation Department of Biology, Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Ian R. Thomson

Affiliation Department of Biology, Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Lauren P. Fitzsimmons

Affiliation Department of Biology, Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SMB SJH IRT LPF. Performed the experiments: SMB SJH IRT LPF. Analyzed the data: SMB SJH IRT LPF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SMB. Wrote the paper: SMB SJH IRT LPF.