About the Authors

Yiyong Cai

yiyong.cai@csiro.au

Affiliations CSIRO Centre for Complex Systems Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, Australia, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia

David Newth

Affiliation CSIRO Centre for Complex Systems Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Wrote the paper: YC DN. Conceived and designed the mathematical model and analysis: YC. Performed the numerical analysis: YC DN.