About the Authors

Francesco Addabbo

Contributed equally to this work with: Francesco Addabbo, Qiuying Chen

f.addabbo@biologia.uniba.it (FA); Michael_goligorsky@nymc.edu (MSG)

Affiliations Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America, Department of Experimental Immunopathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. De Bellis” Castellana Grotte, Italy

Qiuying Chen

Contributed equally to this work with: Francesco Addabbo, Qiuying Chen

Affiliation Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America

Dhara P. Patel

Affiliation Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America

May Rabadi

Affiliation Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America

Brian Ratliff

Affiliation Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America

Frank Zhang

Affiliation Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America

Jean-Francois Jasmin

Affiliation Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Michael Wolin

Affiliation Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America

Michael Lisanti

Affiliations Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Unit, University of Manchester, United Kingdom

Steven S. Gross

Affiliation Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America

Michael S. Goligorsky

f.addabbo@biologia.uniba.it (FA); Michael_goligorsky@nymc.edu (MSG)

Affiliation Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: FA QC SSG MSG. Performed the experiments: FA QC DP MR BR FZ JFJ. Analyzed the data: MW ML SSG MSG. Wrote the paper: FA SSG MSG.