About the Authors

Emi Kawakami

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan

Nobuhiko Kawai

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan

Nao Kinouchi

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan

Hiroyo Mori

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan

Yutaka Ohsawa

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan

Naozumi Ishimaru

Affiliation Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan

Yoshihide Sunada

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan

Sumihare Noji

Affiliation Department of Life Systems, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan

Eiji Tanaka

etanaka@tokushima-u.ac.jp

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: EK N. Kinouchi SN ET. Performed the experiments: EK N. Kawai N. Kinouchi HM NI YS. Analyzed the data: EK N. Kawai HM YO SN ET. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SN. Wrote the paper: EK SN ET.