About the Authors

Christine Newton

newton.c@husky.neu.edu

Affiliation Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, United States of America

Matthew E. S. Bracken

Affiliation Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, United States of America

Megan McConville

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America

Katherine Rodrigue

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America

Carol S. Thornber

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CN MESB CST. Performed the experiments: CN MM KR. Analyzed the data: CN MESB MM KR CST. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CN MESB CST. Wrote the paper: CN MESB CST.