About the Authors

Lefeng Wang

Affiliations Centre for Critical Illness Research, Division of Respirology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

Ravi Taneja

Affiliations Centre for Critical Illness Research, Division of Respirology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Anesthesia, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

Wei Wang

Affiliations Centre for Critical Illness Research, Division of Respirology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

Li-Juan Yao

Affiliation Centre for Critical Illness Research, Division of Respirology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario, Canada

Ruud A. W. Veldhuizen

Affiliations Centre for Critical Illness Research, Division of Respirology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

Sean E. Gill

Affiliations Centre for Critical Illness Research, Division of Respirology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

Dalilah Fortin

Affiliations Department of Critical Care Medicine, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

Richard Inculet

Affiliation Department of Thoracic Surgery, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

Richard Malthaner

Affiliation Department of Thoracic Surgery, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

Sanjay Mehta

Sanjay.Mehta@lhsc.on.ca

Affiliations Centre for Critical Illness Research, Division of Respirology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario, Canada, Department of Medicine, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

Dr Sanjay Mehta has been a reviewer for PLOS ONE. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LW RT WW LJY RAWV SEG DF RI RM SM. Performed the experiments: LW RT WW LJY RAWV SM. Analyzed the data: LW RT WW LJY RAWV SEG SM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RAWV DF RI RM SM. Wrote the paper: LW RT RAWV SEG SM. Edited and approved the final manuscript: LW RT WW LJY RAWV SEG DF RI RM SM.