About the Authors

Maia Merabishvili

Affiliations Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, Eliava Institute of Bacteriophage, Microbiology and Virology, Tbilisi, Georgia, Laboratory of Bacteriology Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Daniel De Vos

Affiliation Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Brussels, Belgium

Gilbert Verbeken

Affiliation Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Brussels, Belgium

Andrew M. Kropinski

Affiliations Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ontario, Canada, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Dieter Vandenheuvel

Affiliation Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium

Rob Lavigne

Affiliation Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium

Pierre Wattiau

Affiliation Unit of Highly Pathogenic & Foodborne Zoonoses, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre, Brussels, Belgium

Jan Mast

Affiliation Electron Microscopy Unit, Veterinary and Agrochemical 8 Research Centre, Brussels, Belgium

Catherine Ragimbeau

Affiliation Surveillance and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Laboratoire National de Santé, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

Joel Mossong

Affiliation Surveillance and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Laboratoire National de Santé, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

Jacques Scheres

Affiliations Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden

Nina Chanishvili

Affiliation Eliava Institute of Bacteriophage, Microbiology and Virology, Tbilisi, Georgia

Mario Vaneechoutte

Affiliation Laboratory of Bacteriology Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Jean-Paul Pirnay

jean-paul.pirnay@mil.be

Affiliation Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Brussels, Belgium

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MM DDV GV AMK DV RL PW J. Mast CR J. Mossong JS NC MV JPP. Performed the experiments: MM DV J. Mast. Analyzed the data: MM DDV GV AMK DV RL PW J. Mast CR J. Mossong JS NC MV JPP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AMK RL PW J. Mast CR J. Mossong NC MV JPP. Wrote the paper: MM DDV GV AMK DV RL PW J. Mast CR J. Mossong JS NC MV JPP.