About the Authors

Andre Pascal Kengne

andre.kengne@mrc.ac.za

Affiliations National Collaborative Research Programme on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, South African Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Cardiovascular Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia

Sébastien Czernichow

Affiliations Department of Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital (AP-HP), Boulogne-Billancourt, France, Department of Nutrition, University of Versailles St-Quentin, Boulogne-Billancourt, France

Mark Hamer

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

G. David Batty

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Emmanuel Stamatakis

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: APK GDB SC. Analyzed the data: ES APK GDB SC. Wrote the paper: APK. Critical revision of the manuscript: MH ES GDB SC.