About the Authors

Iiris Hovatta

iiris.hovatta@helsinki.fi

Affiliations Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Vanessa D. F. de Mello

Affiliation Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Laura Kananen

Affiliations Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Jaana Lindström

Affiliation Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Johan G. Eriksson

Affiliations Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland

Pirjo Ilanne-Parikka

Affiliations Diabetes Centre, Finnish Diabetes Association, Tampere, Finland, Science Centre, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi

Affiliations Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital and Oulu Health Centre, Oulu, Finland

Markku Peltonen

Affiliation Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Jaakko Tuomilehto

Affiliations Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland, Center for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, Austria

Matti Uusitupa

Affiliations Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: IH MU. Performed the experiments: IH LK. Analyzed the data: IH VDFM LK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: IH VDFM JL JGE PIP SKK MP JT MU. Wrote the paper: IH VDFM LK MU.