About the Authors

James H. Stark

jstark@health.nyc.gov

Affiliation New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, United States of America

Ravi Sharma

Affiliation Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Stephen Ostroff

Affiliation Bureau of Epidemiology, Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Derek A. T. Cummings

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Bard Ermentrout

Affiliation Department of Mathematics, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Samuel Stebbins

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Donald S. Burke

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Stephen R. Wisniewski

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JS RS SW SS DB DC BE SO. Performed the experiments: JS. Analyzed the data: JS RS SW DC BE SO. Wrote the paper: JS.