About the Authors

Anton Antonov

Affiliation Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway

Bård G. Stokke

Affiliation Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway

Frode Fossøy

Affiliation Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway

Peter S. Ranke

Affiliation Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway

Wei Liang

liangwei@hainnu.edu.cn

Affiliation College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, People's Republic of China

Canchao Yang

Affiliation College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, People's Republic of China

Arne Moksnes

Affiliation Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway

Jacqui Shykoff

Affiliation Laboratoire Ecologie, Systematique et Evolution UMR 8079 CNRS-Université Paris-Sud XI-AgroParisTech, Orsay, France

Eivin Røskaft

Affiliation Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AA BGS. Performed the experiments: AA BGS FF. Analyzed the data: AA BGS ER AM JS WL CY PSR FF. Wrote the paper: AA BGS ER AM JS WL CY PSR FF.