About the Authors

Ishtiaq Rehman

Contributed equally to this work with: Ishtiaq Rehman, Caroline A. Evans

i.rehman@sheffield.ac.uk

Affiliation Department of Human Metabolism, The Medical School, The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Caroline A. Evans

Contributed equally to this work with: Ishtiaq Rehman, Caroline A. Evans

Affiliations Department of Human Metabolism, The Medical School, The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, Biological and Environmental Systems Group, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Adam Glen

Affiliation Department of Human Metabolism, The Medical School, The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Simon S. Cross

Affiliation Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Colby L. Eaton

Affiliation Department of Human Metabolism, The Medical School, The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Jenny Down

Affiliation Department of Human Metabolism, The Medical School, The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Giancarlo Pesce

Affiliation Department of Human Metabolism, The Medical School, The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Joshua T. Phillips

Affiliation Department of Urology, City Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Ow Saw Yen

Affiliation Biological and Environmental Systems Group, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

George N. Thalmann

Affiliation Department of Urology, Anna-Seiler-Haus, University of Bern, InselspitalInselspital, Bern, Switzerland

Phillip C. Wright

Affiliation Biological and Environmental Systems Group, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Freddie C. Hamdy

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

We are grateful to Dr. Nicholas Hoyle at Roche Diagnostics, Penzberg, Germany for his support towards consumables and reagents for the project. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: IR AG CLE JTP FCH PCW. Performed the experiments: CAE AG SSC JD GP OSY. Analyzed the data: IR CAE CLE GP OSY PCW FCH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SSC CLE JTP GNT PCW. Wrote the paper: IR CLE FCH GNT PCW.