The Combination of Early and Rapid Type I IFN, IL-1α, and IL-1β Production Are Essential Mediators of RNA-Like Adjuvant Driven CD4+ Th1 Responses

Rachel F. Madera; Jennifer P. Wang; Daniel H. Libraty

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029412

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Peer-reviewed

Research Article

The Combination of Early and Rapid Type I IFN, IL-1α, and IL-1β Production Are Essential Mediators of RNA-Like Adjuvant Driven CD4+ Th1 Responses

Rachel F. Madera,

Affiliation Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
⨯
Jennifer P. Wang,

Affiliation Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
⨯
Daniel H. Libraty

* E-mail: daniel.libraty@umassmed.edu

Affiliation Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
⨯

The Combination of Early and Rapid Type I IFN, IL-1α, and IL-1β Production Are Essential Mediators of RNA-Like Adjuvant Driven CD4+ Th1 Responses

Rachel F. Madera,
Jennifer P. Wang,
Daniel H. Libraty

Published: December 19, 2011
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029412

About the Authors

Rachel F. Madera

Affiliation Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Jennifer P. Wang

Affiliation Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Daniel H. Libraty

* E-mail: daniel.libraty@umassmed.edu

Affiliation Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RFM JPW DHL. Performed the experiments: RFM. Analyzed the data: RFM JPW DHL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DHL. Wrote the paper: RFM DHL.

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T cells
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Immunologic adjuvants
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Immune receptor signaling
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Immune response
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Cell cultures
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Major histocompatibility complex
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Cytokines
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Interferons
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