About the Authors

Abdulrahman M. El-Sayed

ame2145@columbia.edu

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America, Department of Public Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Melissa Tracy

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America, Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Peter Scarborough

Affiliation Department of Public Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Sandro Galea

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AME-S SG. Performed the experiments: AME-S. Analyzed the data: AME-S. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AME-S SG. Wrote the paper: AME-S MT PS SG.