About the Authors

Rajwinder Singh

Contributed equally to this work with: Rajwinder Singh, Abby L. Levitt

Affiliation Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Abby L. Levitt

Contributed equally to this work with: Rajwinder Singh, Abby L. Levitt

Affiliation Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Edwin G. Rajotte

Affiliation Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Edward C. Holmes

Affiliation Department of Biology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Nancy Ostiguy

Affiliation Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Dennis vanEngelsdorp

Affiliation Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States of America

W. Ian Lipkin

Affiliation Mailman School of Public Health, Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Claude W. dePamphilis

Affiliation Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Amy L. Toth

Affiliations Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America

Diana L. Cox-Foster

dxc12@psu.edu

Affiliation Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RS ALL EGR ECH NO DCF. Performed the experiments: RS ALL. Analyzed the data: RS ALL EGR ECH DCF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: ALL ECH Dv WIL Cd AT. Wrote the paper: RS ALL EGR ECH NO Dv WIL Cd AT DCF.